Relationship of Purpose in Life to Dementia in Older Black and White Brazilians

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Ana W. Capuano ◽  
Carolina Sampaio ◽  
Sue E. Leurgans ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Higher Purpose

Abstract Objectives: To test the hypothesis that higher level of purpose in life is associated with lower likelihood of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older Brazilians. Methods: As part of the Pathology, Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias Study (PARDoS), informants of 1,514 older deceased Brazilians underwent a uniform structured interview. The informant interview included demographic data, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale to diagnose dementia and MCI, the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule for depression, and a 6-item measure of purpose in life, a component of well-being. Results: Purpose scores ranged from 1.5 to 5.0 with higher values indicating higher levels of purpose. On the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, 940 persons (62.1%) had no cognitive impairment, 121 (8.0%) had MCI, and 453 (29.9%) had dementia. In logistic regression models adjusted for age at death, sex, education, and race, higher purpose was associated with lower likelihood of MCI (odds ratio = .58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .43, .79) and dementia (odds ratio = .49, 95% CI: .41, .59). Results were comparable after adjusting for depression (identified in 161 [10.6%]). Neither race nor education modified the association of purpose with cognitive diagnoses. Conclusions: Higher purpose in life is associated with lower likelihood of MCI and dementia in older black and white Brazilians.

The link between social and emotional isolation and dementia in older black and white Brazilians

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Ana W. Capuano ◽  
Carolina Sampaio ◽  
Sue E. Leurgans ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Emotional Isolation

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the link between social and emotional isolation and likelihood of dementia among older black and white Brazilians. Design: Cross-sectional clinical–pathological cohort study. Setting: Medical center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants: As part of the Pathology, Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias Study, we conducted uniform structured interviews with knowledgeable informants (72% children) of 1,493 older (age > 65) Brazilian decedents. Measurements: The interview included measures of social isolation (number of family and friends in at least monthly contact with decedent), emotional isolation (short form of UCLA Loneliness Scale), and major depression plus the informant portion of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale to diagnose dementia and its precursor, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results: Decedents had a median social network size of 8.0 (interquartile range = 9.0) and a median loneliness score of 0.0 (interquartile range = 1.0). On the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, 947 persons had no cognitive impairment, 122 had MCI, and 424 had dementia. In a logistic regression model adjusted for age, education, sex, and race, both smaller network size (odds ratio [OR] = 0.975; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.962, 0.989) and higher loneliness (OR = 1.145; 95% CI: 1.060, 1.237) were associated with higher likelihood of dementia. These associations persisted after controlling for depression (present in 10.4%) and did not vary by race. After controlling for depression, neither network size nor loneliness was related to MCI. Conclusion: Social and emotional isolation are associated with higher likelihood of dementia in older black and white Brazilians.

Can the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Identify Mild Cognitive Impairment and Predict Cognitive and Functional Decline?

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 292-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Woolf ◽  
Melissa J. Slavin ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Floortje Thomassen ◽  
Nicole A. Kochan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Background: The Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) is used to rate dementia severity. Its utility in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its predictive value remain unknown. Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the association between CDR scores and expert MCI diagnosis, and to determine whether baseline CDR scores were predictive of cognitive or functional decline and progression to dementia over 6 years. Methods: At baseline, the sample comprised 733 non-demented participants aged 70-90 years from the longitudinal Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Global and sum of boxes CDR scores were obtained at baseline. Participants also received comprehensive neuropsychological and functional assessment as well as expert consensus diagnoses at baseline and follow-up. Results: At baseline, CDR scores had high specificity but low sensitivity for broadly defined MCI. The balance of sensitivity and specificity improved for narrowly defined MCI. Longitudinally, all baseline CDR scores predicted functional change and dementia, but CDR scores were not predictive of cognitive change. Conclusion: CDR scores do not correspond well with MCI, except when MCI is narrowly defined, suggesting that the CDR taps into the more severe end of MCI. All CDR scores usefully predict functional decline and incident dementia.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and staging of mild cognitive impairment, using a modification of the clinical dementia rating scale: the mCDR

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Duara ◽  
David A. Loewenstein ◽  
Maria T. Greig-Custo ◽  
Ashok Raj ◽  
Warren Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale

Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment classifications and neurobehavioral symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstie L. McDermott ◽  
Nancy Fisher ◽  
Sandra Bradford ◽  
Richard Camicioli
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTBackground:We apply recently recommended Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) classification criteria from the movement disorders society (MDS) to PD patients and controls and compare diagnoses to that of short global cognitive scales at baseline and over time. We also examine baseline prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms across different definitions of MCI.Methods:51 PD patients and 50 controls were classified as cognitively normal, MCI, or demented using MDS criteria (1.5 or 2.0 SD below normative values), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), and the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS). All subject had parallel assessment with the Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI).Results:We confirmed that PD-MCI (a) is frequent, (b) increases the risk of PDD, and (c) affects multiple cognitive domains. We highlight the predictive variability of different criteria, suggesting the need for further refinement and standardization. When a common dementia outcome was used, the Level II MDS optimal testing battery with impairment defined as two SD below norms in 2+ tests performs the best. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were more common in PD across all baseline and longitudinal cognitive classifications.Conclusions:Our results advance previous findings on the utility of MDS PD-MCI criteria for PD patients and controls at baseline and over time. Additionally, we emphasize the possible utility of other cognitive scales and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Cerebral Metabolic Correlates of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Perneczky ◽  
Julia Hartmann ◽  
Timo Grimmer ◽  
Alexander Drzezga ◽  
Alexander Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale

Validity of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes in Staging and Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Mexican Americans

2020 ◽  
pp. 089198872097375
Author(s):  
Parunyou Julayanont ◽  
John C. DeToledo
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale

Objective: We evaluated the utility of the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes score (CDR-SB) in staging and detecting amnestic-mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among Mexican Americans. Methods: Receiver operator curves were generated to evaluate the validity of the CDR-SB in staging and detecting a-MCI and AD in 1,073 Mexican Americans (758 controls, 163 a-MCI, and 152 AD). Results: Optimal ranges of the CDR-SB were 0, 0.5-4, 4.5-8.0, 8.5-13 and 13.5-18 for staging the global CDR score of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The CDR-SB ≥ 0.5 differentiated the a-MCI patients from the controls (sensitivity 100% and specificity 99.5%) and ≥ 2.0 distinguished the AD from a-MCI patients (sensitivity 83.6% and specificity 87.1%). These cutoffs were also appropriate for patients with ≤6 years of education. Conclusion: The CDR-SB is useful to detect and stage a-MCI and AD in Mexican Americans with diverse education levels.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes in Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Julia Gallagher ◽  
Jacqueline Rick ◽  
Sharon X. Xie ◽  
Pablo Martinez-Martin ◽  
Eugenia Mamikonyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Normal Cognition ◽  
Domain Scores

Background: A composite measure that assesses both cognitive and functional abilities in Parkinson’s disease (PD) would be useful for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and PD dementia (PDD) and as an outcome measure in randomized controlled trials. The Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB) was designed to assess both cognition and basic-instrumental activities of daily living in Alzheimer’s disease but has not yet been validated in PD. Objective: To validate the CDR-SOB as a composite cognitive-functional measure for PD patients, as well as to assess its sensitivity to change. Methods: The CDR-SOB and a comprehensive cognitive and functional battery was administered to 101 PD patients at baseline (39 normal cognition [NC], 41 MCI and 21 PDD by expert consensus panel), and re-administered to 64 patients after 1-2 years follow-up (32 NC and 32 cognitive impairment [CI] at baseline). Results: Cross-sectionally, CDR-SOB and domain scores were correlated with corresponding neuropsychological or functional measures and were significantly different between cognitive subgroups both at baseline and at follow-up. In addition, CDR-SOB ROC curves distinguished between normal cognition and dementia with high sensitivity, but did not distinguish well between NC and MCI. Longitudinal changes in the CDR-SOB and domain scores were not significant and were inconsistent in predicting change in commonly-used cognitive and functional tests. Conclusion: The CDR-SOB detects dementia-level cognitive impairment in PD but may not be appropriate for predicting longitudinal combined cognitive-functional changes in patients without significant cognitive impairment at baseline.

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