scholarly journals Triggered codeswitching: A corpus-based evaluation of the original triggering hypothesis and a new alternative

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRJAM BROERSMA ◽  
KEES DE BOT
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Moroccan Arabic ◽  
Production Models

In this article the triggering hypothesis for codeswitching proposed by Michael Clyne is discussed and tested. According to this hypothesis, cognates can facilitate codeswitching of directly preceding or following words. It is argued that the triggering hypothesis in its original form is incompatible with language production models, as it assumes that language choice takes place at the surface structure of utterances, while in bilingual production models language choice takes place along with lemma selection. An adjusted version of the triggering hypothesis is proposed in which triggering takes place during lemma selection and the scope of triggering is extended to basic units in language production. Data from a Dutch–Moroccan Arabic corpus are used for a statistical test of the original and the adjusted triggering theory. The codeswitching patterns found in the data support part of the original triggering hypothesis, but they are best explained by the adjusted triggering theory.

A modular approach to language production: Models and facts

Cortex ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Valle-Lisboa ◽  
Andrés Pomi ◽  
Álvaro Cabana ◽  
Brita Elvevåg ◽  
Eduardo Mizraji
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Production Models

Woordkeuze Marokkaans-Arabisch en Modern Standaard Arabisch in het Eerste Jaar van het Programma Opstap-Opnieuw voor Marokkaanse Kinderen

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Jan Jaap de Ruiter
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
First Year ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Linguistic Development ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Moroccan Arabic ◽  
Moroccan Children ◽  
Target Children ◽  
Modern Standard

The two-year Opstap-Opnieuw programme is a programme to stimulate children aged 4-6 years in their cognitive, social and linguistic development. The 'Arabic' version of the programme, which is directed at Moroccan children, consists of texts written in Modern Standard Arabic and tapes containing recordings in Moroccan Arabic and Berber. The article investigates whether the words used in the first year of the programme link up with the proficiency of Moroccan children in their mother tongue and whether the language choice based on which the programme is developed is a suitable one. The outcomes of the analyses show that the lexical level of the programme is relatively high for the target children but not too high. Furthermore it shows that the multilingual language choice of the programme seems acceptable although the original choice in favour of the Moroccan Arabic dialect is to be preferred.

scholarly journals Vocabulary Size Influences Spontaneous Speech in Native Language Users: Validating the Use of Automatic Speech Recognition in Individual Differences Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 002383092091107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne R. Jongman ◽  
Yung Han Khoe ◽  
Florian Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Speech Transcription ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has shown that vocabulary size affects performance on laboratory word production tasks. Individuals who know many words show faster lexical access and retrieve more words belonging to pre-specified categories than individuals who know fewer words. The present study examined the relationship between receptive vocabulary size and speaking skills as assessed in a natural sentence production task. We asked whether measures derived from spontaneous responses to everyday questions correlate with the size of participants’ vocabulary. Moreover, we assessed the suitability of automatic speech recognition (ASR) for the analysis of participants’ responses in complex language production data. We found that vocabulary size predicted indices of spontaneous speech: individuals with a larger vocabulary produced more words and had a higher speech-silence ratio compared to individuals with a smaller vocabulary. Importantly, these relationships were reliably identified using manual and automated transcription methods. Taken together, our results suggest that spontaneous speech elicitation is a useful method to investigate natural language production and that automatic speech recognition can alleviate the burden of labor-intensive speech transcription.

Experimental tasks for generating language production data.

2017 ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
María Blume ◽  
Barbara C. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Production Data

Conflict adaptation during multilingual language production as evidenced by the n-3 effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Mathieu Declerck ◽  
Stefanie Schuch ◽  
Andrea M. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Conflict Adaptation ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Language Control

AbstractSeveral multilingual language production models assume that language control is instigated by conflict monitoring. In turn, conflict adaptation, a control process which makes it easier to resolve interference if previously a high-interference context was detected, should also occur during multilingual production, as it is triggered by conflict monitoring. Because no evidence has been provided for conflict adaptation in the multilingual production literature, we set out to investigate this process using the n-3 effect. Our study showed that the n-3 effect can be observed during multilingual production, and thus provides evidence for conflict adaptation during multilingual production.

A Comparative Study of Bilingual Verb Phrases in Ewe-English and Gengbe-French Codeswitching

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-287
Author(s):  
Evershed Kwasi Amuzu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Language Production ◽  
West African ◽  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Romance Language ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Verb Phrases ◽  
The Matrix

This article describes contact phenomena between two closely related varieties of the Gbe language cluster Ewe and Gengbe each with a Germanic and a Romance language. The focus is on a comparison of verb phrases in Ewe-English codeswitching, spoken in Ghana, and Gengbe-French codeswitching, spoken in Togo. It is the first qualitative comparative study of this kind although quite a number of local (West African) languages are in contact with English and French. It finds that because the two varieties of Gbe are morphosyntactically similar, there are remarkable morphosyntactic similarities between bilingual clauses containing English verbs and those containing French verbs. English/French verbs with the same transitivity value which assign the same set of thematic roles to their arguments occur in slots in Ewe/Gengbe-based clauses where Ewe/Gengbe verbs with those subcategorization features also occur. The explanation for this pattern, from the perspective of the Matrix Language Frame model, is that during codeswitching English and French verbs are treated as if they belong to the class of Ewe and Gengbe verbs which share their subcategorization features. Assuming language production to be modular (in the sense of Myers-Scotton 1993, 2002), it is argued that the pattern is illustrative of a kind of composite codeswitching (Amuzu 2005a, 2010, and in print) by which abstract grammatical information from one language about verbs from that language—here English or French—is consistently mapped onto surface structure through the grammatical resources of another language, here Ewe or Gengbe.

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