Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xi, 785. £50 (hbk). ISBN 0-521-65729-6.

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Robert Stern
Author(s):  
Jauhan Budiwan

Immanuel Kant is one of the most influential philosophers in the history of Western philosophy. His contributions to metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics have had a profound impact on almost every philosophical movement that followed him. This portion will focus on his metaphysics and epistemology in one of his most important works. The Critique of Pure Reason, A large part of Kant’s work addresses the question “What can we know?” The answer, if it can be stated simply, is that our knowledge is constrained to mathematics and the science of the -natural, empirical world. It is impossible, Kant argues, to extend knowledge to the supersensible realm of speculative metaphysics. The reason that knowledge has these constraints, Kant argues, is that the mind plays an active role in constituting the features of experience and limiting the mind's access to the empirical realm of space and time. In order to understand Kant's position, we must understand the philosophical background that he was reacting to. First, 1 will present a brief overview of his predecessor's positions with a brief statement of Kant's objections, then I will return to a more detailed exposition of Kant's arguments. There are two major historical movements in the early modem period of philosophy that had a significant impact on Kant; Empiricism and Rationalism,


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Balanovskiy Valentin

The author attempts to answer a question of whether the fact that Immanuel Kant’s theory of experience most likely has a conceptual nature decreases an importance of Kant’s ideas for contemporary philosophy, because if experience is conceptual by nature, then certain problems with the search for means to verify experiential knowledge arise. In particular, two approaches are proposed. According to the first approach, the exceptional conceptuality of Kant’s theory of experience may be a consequence of absence of some important chains in arguments contained in the Critique of Pure Reason, which could clarify a question of how the conceptual apparatus of the subject corresponds to the reality. The author puts a hypothesis that the missing chains are not a mistake, but Kant’s deliberate silence caused by the lack of accurate scientific information that could not have been available to humankind in Enlightenment epoch. According to the second approach even if Kant’s theory of experience is exclusively conceptual by nature, this cannot automatically lead to a conclusion that it is unsuitable for obtaining reliable knowledge about reality, since transcendental idealism has powerful internal tools for verifying data in the process of cognition. The central position among them is occupied by transcendental reflection.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
J. Colin McQuillan ◽  

This article argues that Immanuel Kant recreates in his critical philosophy one of the most distinctive features of Christian Wolff’s rationalism—the marriage of reason and experience (connubium rationis et experientiae). The article begins with an overview of Wolff’s connubium and then surveys the reasons some of his contemporaries opposed the marriage of reason and experience, paying special attention to the distinctions between phenomena and noumena, sensible and intellectual cognition, and empirical and pure cognition that Kant employs in his inaugural dissertation On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World (1770). The final section of the article argues that, in the Critique of Pure Reason (1781/1787), Kant rejects the anticonnubialist positions he defended in his inaugural dissertation and introduces a new account of the relation between reason and experience that recreates Wolff’s connubium within the context of his critical philosophy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Lailiy Muthmainnah

The background of this article is a metaphysical problem that arose in Immanuel Kant's thought in his Critique of Pure Reason. Through a hermeneutic approach this article aims to analyze the metaphysical problems that arise in Immanuel Kant's epistemology of thought. Based on the research results can be concluded that the unequivocal separation between phenomena and noumena will cause humans will never come to the knowledge of the Transcendent, as well as with moral and aesthetics. This is because such knowledge can only be obtained through my participation as a Subject through the process of continuous existence and more of a personal invitation. In the end it can be concluded that the nature of analog knowledge is the meaning of multidimensional side of human life. This brings consequences to the need for intersubjective dialogue and continual openness. Knowledge is an infinite thing. Human knowledge therefore will never reach the end of the journey but only continuously expanded its horizon.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho

Kaum cendikiawan umumnya memiliki sejumlah buku di lemari kerjanya. Buku – buku itu menjadi koleksi mereka yang sangat berharga. Kalau ada uang lebih, mereka akan membeli buku –buku baru. Tidak heran bila koleksi mereka bertambah dari waktu ke waktu.Persoalannya adalah, buku apa saja yang pantas dikoleksi oleh kaum yang merasa diri cendikia? Jawabannya tergantung pada minat masing-masing. Tetapi, umumnya kolektor buku akan mengoleksi buku –buku tentang bidang ilmu yang mengubah dunia. Artinya buku ini layak untuk dibaca oleh kaum cendikia.Buku ini bukan ditulis oleh tokoh yang mengubah dunia, tetapi ia bercerita tentang filsafat yang telah mengubah dunia. Buku ini membahas tentang filsafat Imanuel Kant yang diterbitkan pada 1781 didalam kesendirian kehidupannya di Konigsberg dalam mahakarya Critique of Pure Reason yang kemudian direvisi pada tahun 1787.Gagasan – gagasan filsafat yang ditawarkan Immanuel Kant dalam Critique of Pure Reason merupakan filsafat yang bersifat kritis. Kritis dalam artian, Kant menawarkan analisis kritis terhadap kekuatan dan batas nalar kita dalam kapasitas untuk memahami dunia, tempat di mana kita berpijak. Kant dengan demikian merupakan Bapak Filsafat Kritis yang kemudian mengilhami gagasan – gagasan filsuf lainnya, seperti Schopenhauer dan Wittgenstein. Buku ini merupakan pengantar untuk memahami Critique of Pure Reason yang terkenal akan kesulitannya di kalangan pelajar filsafat. Oleh karena itu buku ini, di samping bisa menjadi koleksi yang berharga, juga bisa dipakai untuk pihak – pihak yang tertarik mempelajari filsafat secara serius.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Guyer

AbstractMarcus Willaschek’s new book Kant on the Sources of Metaphysics: The Dialectic of Pure Reason (Cambridge University Press, 2018) is a penetrating analysis of the Transcendental Dialectic of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. In his comments, the author first raises some questions concerning the structure of the Transcendental Dialectic (and Willaschek’s reconstruction of it) and then proposes that looking at the second Critique and continuing on into the third Critique will reveal more roles for the idea of God in Kant’s reconstruction of traditional metaphysics than Willaschek’s treatment suggests.


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