Rapid Freezing of Freeze-Etch Specimens
1980 ◽
Vol 38
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pp. 752-755
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The importance of a high rate of temperature decrease (“rapid freezing”) when freezing specimens for freeze-etching has long been recognized1. The two basic methods for achieving rapid freezing are: 1) dropping the specimen onto a metal surface at low temperature, 2) bringing the specimen instantaneously into thermal contact with a liquid at low temperature and subsequently maintaining a high relative velocity between the liquid and the specimen. Over the last couple of years the first method has received strong renewed interest, particularily as the result of a series of important studies by Heuser and coworkers 2,3. In this paper we will compare these two freezing methods theoretically and experimentally.
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2006 ◽
Vol 77
(2)
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pp. 024901
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2017 ◽
Vol 4
(22)
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pp. 1700686
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1982 ◽
Vol 65
(6)
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pp. 106-112
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2001 ◽
Vol 9
(5)
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pp. 333-340
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2017 ◽
Vol 5
(3)
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pp. 1282-1291
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