In Vitro Investigation of the Synthetic Sebum Adsorbing Efficacy of Acrylate Copolymer as an Excipient And In Clinac ™ Oc

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1180-1181
Author(s):  
R. W. Taylor ◽  
Christine Smith ◽  
M. White
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Acrylate Copolymer ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Methacrylate Copolymer ◽  
Acrylate Polymer

While sebum provides several functions in the integument, there is considerable interest in the control of excess sebum on the human skin. The primary function of sebum is to lubricate and waterproof the stratum cornenum layer, in addition to preventing hair from becoming brittle. In several cases, the secretion of sebum is inhibited as a result of blockage of the drainage pathway for the sebaceous glands which may result in abnormal skin conduction (1,2). Clinac™ OC (Oil Control) has been developed with a special oil adsorbing polymer, DVB/lsobornyl Methacrylate/Lautyl Methacrylate Copolymer (3). This particular copolymer posses the capacity to adsorb oils because of its high affinity for hydrophobic nonpolar substances. The purpose of this investigation is to show the adsorptive capacity of the acrylate copolymer in Clinac™ OC preparation and in buffer.The acrylate polymer was incubated in artificial sebum for 4 hrs and 8 hrs at 37 C.

scholarly journals Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Absorption through Intact and Damaged Human Skin

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro ◽  
Crosera ◽  
Monai ◽  
Montini ◽  
Fornasiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Transdermal Permeation ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Franz Cells ◽  
Skin Uptake ◽  
Ce Content

Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in polishing products and absorbents, as promoters in wound healing, and as organopesticide decontaminants. While systemic bioaccumulation and organ toxicity has been described after inhalation, data on CeO2 NPs’ transdermal permeation are lacking. Our study was an in vitro investigation of the permeation of 17-nm CeO2 NPs dispersed in synthetic sweat (1 g L−1) using excised human skin on Franz cells. Experiments were performed using intact and needle-abraded skin, separately. The average amount of Ce into intact and damaged skin samples was 3.64 ± 0.15 and 7.07 ± 0.78 µg cm−2, respectively (mean ± SD, p = 0.04). Ce concentration in the receiving solution was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 3.3 ± 0.7 ng cm−2 after 24 h (p = 0.008). The Ce content was higher in dermal layers of damaged skin compared to intact skin (2.93 ± 0.71 µg cm−2 and 0.39 ± 0.16 µg cm−2, respectively; p = 0.004). Our data showed a very low dermal absorption and transdermal permeation of cerium, providing a first indication of Ce skin uptake due to contact with CeO2.

The Regulation of Haemocyanin Oxygen Affinity during Emersion of the Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes: I. An In Vitro Investigation of the Interactive Effects of Calcium and L-Lactate on Oxygen Affinity

1986 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MORRIS ◽  
R. TYLER-JONES ◽  
E. W. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bohr Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Austropotamobius Pallipes ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
The Difference

The haemolymph of the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes exhibits a high affinity for oxygen (P50 = 2.7 Torr at pH7.9 and 15°C) and a modest Bohr effect (ϕ =0.455). The affinity of haemolymph dialysed against a crayfish Ringer was lower with a P50 value of 6.4 Torr at the same temperature and pH. The oxygen affinity of the dialysed haemolymph can be increased markedly by increased concentrations of L-lactate and to a greater extent by elevated concentrations of calcium ions. In the dialysed preparation, the potentiating effects of L-lactate and Ca2+ on haemocyanin oxygen affinity were found to be interdependent. Elevating the concentration of one of these two ions reduced the effect of the other. The increase in the oxygen affinity of the haemocyanin brought about by elevated Ca2+ and L-lactate was insufficient to account for the difference in affinity between dialysed and nondialysed haemolymph. The mutually agonistic effects of Ca2+ and L-lactate are described both empirically and graphically.

Desmosomal distribution in the epidermis of a non-contracting human skin equivalent

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
S.D. Dimitrijevich ◽  
R. Gracy
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Tissue Component ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Suprabasal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

In intact skin the epidermal layer is a dynamic tissue component which is maintained by a basal layer of mitotically active cells. The protective upper epidermis, the stratum corneum, is generated by differentiation of the suprabasal keratinocytes which eventually desquamate as anuclear comeocytes. A similar sequence of events is observed in vitro in the non-contracting human skin equivalent (HSE) which was developed in this lab (1). As a part of the definition process for this model of living skin we are examining its ultrastructural features. Since desmosomes are important in maintaining cell-cell interactions in stratified epithelia their distribution in HSE was examined.

In vitro investigation of Varizella zoster virus as an oncolytic virus in glioblastoma therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Leske ◽  
A Baiker ◽  
C Schichor ◽  
J.C Tonn ◽  
R Goldbrunner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncolytic Virus ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Varizella Zoster Virus

Effects of Heparin Oligosaccharides with High Affinity for Antithrombin III in Experimental Venous Thrombosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Thomas ◽  
Rosemary E Merton ◽  
T W Barrowcliffe ◽  
L Thunberg ◽  
U Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Very High

SummaryThe in vitro and in vivo characteristics of two oligosaccharide heparin fragments have been compared to those of unfractionated mucosal heparin. A decasaccharide fragment had essentially no activity by APTT or calcium thrombin time assays in vitro, but possessed very high specific activity by anti-Factor Xa assays. When injected into rabbits at doses of up to 80 ¼g/kg, this fragment was relatively ineffective in impairing stasis thrombosis despite producing high blood levels by anti-Xa assays. A 16-18 monosaccharide fragment had even higher specific activity (almost 2000 iu/mg) by chromogenic substrate anti-Xa assay, with minimal activity by APTT. When injected in vivo, this fragment gave low blood levels by APTT, very high anti-Xa levels, and was more effective in preventing thrombosis than the decasaccharide fragment. However, in comparison with unfractionated heparin, the 16-18 monosaccharide fragment was only partially effective in preventing thrombosis, despite producing much higher blood levels by anti-Xa assays.It is concluded that the high-affinity binding of a heparin fragment to antithrombin III does not by itself impair venous thrombogenesis, and that the anti-Factor Xa activity of heparin is only a partial expression of its therapeutic potential.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document