scholarly journals Social security and endogenous demographic change: child support and retirement policies*

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Giam Pietro Cipriani ◽  
Tamara Fioroni
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Endogenous Retirement

Abstract This paper studies retirement and child support policies in a small, open, overlapping-generations economy with PAYG social security and endogenous retirement and fertility decisions. It demonstrates that neither fertility nor retirement choices necessarily coincide with socially optimal allocation, because agents do not take into account the externalities of fertility and the elderly labor supply in the economy as a whole. It shows that governments can realize the first-best allocation by introducing a child allowance scheme and a subsidy to incentivize the labor supply of older workers. As an alternative to subsidizing the elderly labor supply, we show that the first-best allocation can also be achieved by controlling the retirement age. Finally, the model is simulated in order to study whether the policies devoted to realizing the social optimum in a market economy could be a Pareto improvement.

scholarly journals Revealing the Legal Protection of Patients Social Security Administration Agency of Health in Sanglah and Balimed Hospitals Denpasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
RA Tuty Kuswardhani ◽  
I Nyoman Budiana
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Security ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Formulary ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
The Social

Social Security Administration Agency of Health has a National National Health Insurance formulary, but in reality patients do not get drugs according to the National Health Insurance National Formulary. Therefore, the aims of this study are to determine the legal protection of patients of the Social Security Administration Agency of Health for the elderly in curative therapy in hospitals according to the national formulary of National Health Insurance at Sanglah Hospital and Balimed Hospital, and to know the responsibilities undertaken by the Social Security Administration Agency of Health in fulfilling its obligations for patients the Agency for the Implementation of the Social Health Insurance of the elderly in curative therapy in accordance with the national formulary of the National Health Insurance. This study uses a participatory observational (empirical-observational) empirical legal research method. Sampling with purposive sampling and data collection techniques using triangulation techniques. In principle, legal protection must refer to legal certainty, fairness and benefits for the population participating in the Social Security Administration Agency of Health for the elderly so that it is not impressed that Balimed Hospital and Sanglah General Hospital and the Social Security Administration Agency of Health make a service to consumers who are not good. The legal responsibility that should be obtained by the participants of the Social Security Administration Agency of Health for the elderly in Balimed Hospital and Sanglah Hospital Denpasar which is currently not maximally received by patients participating in the Social Security Administration Agency of Health for the elderly at Balimed Hospital and Sanglah Hospital.

“Where Is the Money Coming From?” The Reconstruction of Social Security Finance, 1939–1950

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Emmanuel Zelizer
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
American Politics ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Social Security Tax ◽  
The Social ◽  
Privileged Status ◽  
Working Families ◽  
As If

Social Security has achieved a privileged status in American politics. As a result of the Social Security tax, supporters claim, recipients have not received unearned benefits, nor has Congress felt as if it were building a massive welfare state. Indeed, the Social Security tax system has legitimated the program in the minds of policy experts, politicians, and recipients. Through Social Security, the American state has forged a strong alliance with the elderly and their descendants, both with retirees who received cash payments and with working families who did not have to finance their parents' retirement years.

scholarly journals Work incentives in the Social Security Disability benefit formula

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOPI SHAH GODA ◽  
JOHN B. SHOVEN ◽  
SITA NATARAJ SLAVOV
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Extensive Margin ◽  
Disability Benefit ◽  
Payroll Tax ◽  
Payroll Taxes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Disability ◽  
Work Disincentives ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractWe examine the connection between taxes paid and benefits accrued under the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program on both the intensive and extensive margins. We perform these calculations for stylized workers given the existing benefit structure and disability hazard rates. On the intensive margin, we examine the effect of an additional dollar of earnings on the marginal payroll taxes contributed and future benefits earned. We find that the present discounted value of disability benefits received from an additional dollar of earnings, net of the SSDI payroll tax, generally declines with age, becoming negative around age 40 and reaching almost zero at age 63. On the extensive margin, we determine the effect of working an additional year on the additional payroll taxes and future benefits as a percentage of income. The return to working an additional year at an income level just large enough to earn Social Security credits for the year is large and positive through age 60. However, the return to working an additional full year is substantially smaller and becomes negative at approximately age 57. Thus, older workers face strong incentives to earn enough to obtain creditable coverage through age 60, but they face disincentives for additional earnings. In addition, workers aged 61 and older face work disincentives at any level of earnings. We repeat this analysis for stylized workers at different levels of earnings and find that, while the program transfers resources from high earners to low earners, the workers experience similar patterns in the returns to working.

Changes in Labor Accident Risk with Aging

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Nakamura ◽  
◽  
Motoya Takagi ◽  
Shinnosuke Usui ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Older Worker ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social

As we age, we change physically and mentally. As society ages, the birthrate decreases and the older worker’s social role increases in importance. The social role of the elderly is, however, threatened by the potential increase in age-related accidents. This research used 34,217 cases to explore and clarify the features of age-related accidents, classified by type, victim age –10 to 30s, 40 to 50s, and those aged 60 and over– and the number of absentee days due to accidents. Our results show that more time is needed for an older worker to return to the job after an accident than for a young worker. The importance of accident prevention for older workers is growing throughout industry. Ensuring such safety improves safety for workers of all ages. Issues involving age-related worker safety thus are related to the safety and well-being of workers of all generation.

Industrialization, the Family Economy, and the Economic Status of the American Elderly

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Gratton ◽  
Frances M. Rotondo
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social Security Act ◽  
The Cost

In his 1911 film What Shall We Do with Our Old? D.W. Griffith dramatized the belief that urban, industrial America had no place for the elderly. Fired for being too slow at his work, an impoverished old man cannot buy food or medicine for his wife, who languishes in their drab, one-room apartment. Justice Benjamin Cardozo told a similar tale in upholding the constitutionality of the Social Security Act (Helvering v. Davis, 301 U.S. 619 [1937]): “The number of [aged] unable to take care of themselves is growing at a threatening pace. More and more our population is becoming urban and industrial instead of rural and agricultural.” Cardozo relied on studies by the U.S. Social Security Board (1937: 3), which found that “the major part of the industrial population . . . earns scarcely enough to provide for its existence. Savings are small and generally cover little more than the cost of burial insurance.” As a result, “industrial workers in [urban] areas . . . reach old age with few resources” (ibid.: 33).

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