scholarly journals The first recent species of the unusual brachiopodKakanuiella(Thecideidae) from New Zealand deep waters

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Luter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Recent Species

scholarly journals Sixty years of radiocarbon dioxide measurements at Wellington, New Zealand 1954–2014

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn C. Turnbull ◽  
Sara E. Mikaloff Fletcher ◽  
India Ansell ◽  
Gordon Brailsford ◽  
Rowena Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Cape Grim

Abstract. We present 60 years of Δ14CO2 measurements from Wellington, New Zealand (41° S, 175° E). The record has been extended and fully revised. New measurements have been used to evaluate the existing record and to replace original measurements where warranted. This is the earliest atmospheric Δ14CO2 record and records the rise of the 14C "bomb spike", the subsequent decline in Δ14CO2 as bomb 14C moved throughout the carbon cycle and increasing fossil fuel CO2 emissions further decreased atmospheric Δ14CO2. The initially large seasonal cycle in the 1960s reduces in amplitude and eventually reverses in phase, resulting in a small seasonal cycle of about 2 ‰ in the 2000s. The seasonal cycle at Wellington is dominated by the seasonality of cross-tropopause transport, and differs slightly from that at Cape Grim, Australia, which is influenced by anthropogenic sources in winter. Δ14CO2 at Cape Grim and Wellington show very similar trends, with significant differences only during periods of known measurement uncertainty. In contrast, Northern Hemisphere clean air sites show a higher and earlier bomb 14C peak, consistent with a 1.4-year interhemispheric exchange time. From the 1970s until the early 2000s, the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Δ14CO2 were quite similar, apparently due to the balance of 14C-free fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the north and 14C-depleted ocean upwelling in the south. The Southern Hemisphere sites show a consistent and marked elevation above the Northern Hemisphere sites since the early 2000s, which is most likely due to reduced upwelling of 14C-depleted and carbon-rich deep waters in the Southern Ocean. This developing Δ14CO2 interhemispheric gradient is consistent with recent studies that indicate a reinvigorated Southern Ocean carbon sink since the mid-2000s, and suggests that upwelling of deep waters plays an important role in this change.

Pioneer whalers in the Ross Sea, 1923–33

Polar Record ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Barr ◽  
James P.C. Watt
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
British Government ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Ross Ice Shelf ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
Fin Whales ◽  
Blue Whales ◽  
Factory Ship

On Christmas Eve 1923, the whaling factory ship Sir James Clark Ross, commanded by Captain Carl Anton Larsen and accompanied by five catchers, reached the front of the Ross Ice Shelf; these were the first whaling vessels to operate in the Ross Sea. They had been dispatched by the Norwegian whaling company Hvalfangeraktienselskapet Rosshavet, which had obtained a licence from the British government. For most of the 1923–24 season, Sir James Clark Ross occupied an uneasy anchorage in the deep waters of Discovery Inlet, a narrow embayment in the front of the Ross Ice Shelf, while her catchers pursued whales widely in the Ross Sea. During that first season they killed and processed 221 whales (211 blue whales and 10 fin whales), which yielded 17,300 barrels of oil. During the next decade, with the exception of the 1931–32 season, Sir James Clark Ross and two other factory ships operated by Rosshavet, C.A. Larsen and Sir James Clark Ross II, operated in the Ross Sea. From the 1926–27 season onwards these ships were joined by up to three other factory ships and their catchers, operated by other companies. During the decade 1923–33 the Rosshavet ships killed and processed 9122 whales in the Ross Sea sector, mainly in the open waters of the Ross Sea south of the pack-ice belt. Total harvest for all factory ships from the Ross Sea sector for the period was 18,238 whales (mainly blue whales) producing 1,490,948 barrels of oil. From 1924 onwards the Rosshavet catchers wintered in Paterson Inlet on Stewart Island, New Zealand, and from 1925 onwards a well-equipped shipyard, Kaipipi Shipyard, operated on Price Peninsula in Paterson Inlet to service the Rosshavet ships.

New and little-known bryozoans from Monte León Formation (early Miocene, Argentina) and their paleobiogeographic relationships

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro M. Pérez ◽  
Juan López-Gappa ◽  
Miguel Griffin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
New Material ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

AbstractThe bryozoan fauna from the South American Cenozoic is poorly known. The study of new material collected in the Monte León Formation (early Miocene), gave us the opportunity to describe four new species: Valdemunitella canui n. sp., Foveolaria praecursor n. sp., Neothoa reptans n. sp., and Calyptotheca santacruzana n. sp. Two of them (V. canui and C. santacruzana) were first recorded by F. Canu and interpreted as recent species from the Australian bryozoan fauna, but are herein described as new species. The stratigraphic range of Otionella parvula (Canu, 1904) is extended to the early Miocene. The present study emphasizes the close relationships between the South American Neogene bryozoan faunas and those of other Gondwanan sub-continents such as New Zealand and Australia.

Callochiton monteleonensis n. sp., first record of Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from the Neogene of Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Urteaga ◽  
Miguel Griffin ◽  
Guido Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Central Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
A New Species

A new species of chiton is described from early Miocene deposits of the Monte León Formation, in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Callochiton monteleonensis n. sp. clearly differs from known fossil and Recent species of the southwestern Atlantic because the central area of its intermediate valves has a stepped appearance, in which each step is marked by a longitudinal rib. It is similar to Callochiton kapitiensis Mestayer, 1926, a Recent species from New Zealand. Biogeographic implications are discussed. This is the first record of a polyplacophoran from Neogene deposits of Argentina.

Stylasterids (Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae) from Mar del Plata submarine canyon and adjacent area (southwestern Atlantic), with a key to the species off Argentina

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4969 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-452
Author(s):  
M.C. BERNAL ◽  
S.D. CAIRNS ◽  
P.E. PENCHASZADEH ◽  
D. LAURETTA
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Bathymetric Range ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
The Antarctic

The Argentine continental margin is a poorly explored area as regards its benthic biodiversity. Few works have been made near the Brazil-Malvinas confluence (around 38° S) regarding corals, especially in deep waters (over 1000 m). Hitherto 17 species of stylasterids are known from southwestern Atlantic (SWA) off Argentina. Fourteen species of stylasterids collected from the Mar del Plata submarine canyon and adjacent area in years 2012 and 2013 at depths between 800 and 2200 m are discussed, including the descriptions of 13 of them. The geographic distribution of six species and bathymetric range of occurrence of two species are broadened in this work. Stations where most specimens were collected are located in areas where sedimentation is known to be scarce. Species in common between the study area and the Antarctic region, south of Chile, South Africa, New Zealand and New Caledonia suggest the Circumpolar Antarctic Current and the Malvinas Current are the means for dispersion. A key of identification of all stylasterid species off Argentina is included. 

scholarly journals The spotted flounder, Azygopus flemingi Nielsen 1961 (Pisces: Pleuronectiformes: Rhombosoleidae), from deep waters off New Zealand: a second valid species of Azygopus Norman 1926, with notes on distribution, size, maturity, and ecology

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3297 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS A. MUNROE
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Blind Side ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Ocular Side ◽  
Deep Waters

Since its description, Azyygopus Norman, 1926 was considered by subsequent authors to be a monotypic genus in the Or-der Pleuronectiformes comprised only of A. pinnifasciatus Norman, 1926, known from deep waters (90–900 m, usually200–600 m) off the southern and southeastern coasts of Australia. In 1961, a subspecies, A. pinnifasciatus flemingi Niels-en, was described based on three specimens collected at 610 m in the Tasman Sea off the South Island, New Zealand. Fromits description to contemporary literature evaluating its status, recognition of A. p. flemingi as a distinct taxon has beenrejected by all but two studies reporting on Azygopus from New Zealand waters. Until the late 20th century, specimens ofAzygopus had been rarely collected off New Zealand and little was known about these fishes. Over the past 25 years, col-lecting by scientific expeditions and expanding deep-sea fisheries have captured over 195 specimens of Azygopus from avariety of deep-sea locations around New Zealand. Recently-captured specimens of Azygopus collected around New Zea-land and deposited in fish collections have been identified as either A. pinnifasciatus Norman or A. flemingi Nielsen, sug-gesting the possibility that two species of Azygopus occur in New Zealand waters. This study examined the holotype, aparatype, and 25 non-type specimens of A. pinnifasciatus collected off Australia, and the most comprehensive series ofspecimens of Azygopus collected from New Zealand waters. These specimens included the holotype and two paratypes ofA. p. flemingi and 191 other specimens collected from throughout the entire depth range (153–942 m) and representingwide coverage of geographic areas around New Zealand where Azygopus have been collected. Comparisons of these spec-imens indicate that a second species, A. flemingi Nielsen, should be recognized in the genus Azygopus, and that this speciesis the only member of this genus occurring in New Zealand waters. Azygopus flemingi is readily distinguished from A.pinnifasciatus by conspicuous differences in ocularand blind-side color patterns, in numbers of ocular-side pelvic-finrays, total vertebrae, lateral-line scales, and gillrakers on the first gill arch, morphology of blind-side scales and squama-tion patterns, length of blind-side pectoral fins, presence/absence of scales between upper jaw and ventral margin of lowereye, and pigment patterns on dorsal and anal fins of adults. Adult A. flemingi and A. pinnifasciatus are sexually dimorphic in several features. Data on maximum size and size at maturity, and depth of occurrence are summarized for A. flemingi.

Composition of the genus Connexochiton Kaas, 1979 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora: Ischnochitonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4950 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
BORIS SIRENKO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Longitudinal Ribs ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Three New Species

The species composition of the genus Connexochiton is revised. So far, six Recent species of the genus Connexochiton have been known: C. platynomenus, C. kaasi, C. crassus, C. bromleyi, C. moreirai and C. discernibilis After the present revision, the genus consists of Connexochiton platynomenus, C. kaasi, C. crassus, as well as three new species, C. costatus n. sp. from the Philippines, C. kermadeci n. sp. from New Zealand and C. solomonicus n. sp. from the Solomon Islands. Connexochiton discernibilis was assigned to the ischnochitonid genus Stenosemus (now Stenosemus discernibilis). Connexochiton bromleyi and C. moreirai are transferred back to the genus Ischnochiton. Principle features of the genus Connexochiton include: a distinctive shape of the valves with the hind edge of the intermediate valves noticeably turned down, which makes the lateral areas narrow and appearing strongly raised; tegmentum delicately sculptured by quincuncially arranged triangular granules that form an alveolate pattern; each granule has 9 to 11 aesthete pores; apophyses are connected medially by a short jugal plate, dorsal scales of the girdle are strongly bent, with short longitudinal ribs or spherules or both; head of the major lateral teeth of radula is unicuspid and sickle-shaped. An identification key for the species of the genus Connexochiton is provided. 

scholarly journals Sixty years of radiocarbon dioxide measurements at Wellington, New Zealand: 1954–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 14771-14784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn C. Turnbull ◽  
Sara E. Mikaloff Fletcher ◽  
India Ansell ◽  
Gordon W. Brailsford ◽  
Rowena C. Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Cape Grim

Abstract. We present 60 years of Δ14CO2 measurements from Wellington, New Zealand (41° S, 175° E). The record has been extended and fully revised. New measurements have been used to evaluate the existing record and to replace original measurements where warranted. This is the earliest direct atmospheric Δ14CO2 record and records the rise of the 14C bomb spike and the subsequent decline in Δ14CO2 as bomb 14C moved throughout the carbon cycle and increasing fossil fuel CO2 emissions further decreased atmospheric Δ14CO2. The initially large seasonal cycle in the 1960s reduces in amplitude and eventually reverses in phase, resulting in a small seasonal cycle of about 2 ‰ in the 2000s. The seasonal cycle at Wellington is dominated by the seasonality of cross-tropopause transport and differs slightly from that at Cape Grim, Australia, which is influenced by anthropogenic sources in winter. Δ14CO2 at Cape Grim and Wellington show very similar trends, with significant differences only during periods of known measurement uncertainty. In contrast, similar clean-air sites in the Northern Hemisphere show a higher and earlier bomb 14C peak, consistent with a 1.4-year interhemispheric exchange time. From the 1970s until the early 2000s, the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Δ14CO2 were quite similar, apparently due to the balance of 14C-free fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the north and 14C-depleted ocean upwelling in the south. The Southern Hemisphere sites have shown a consistent and marked elevation above the Northern Hemisphere sites since the early 2000s, which is most likely due to reduced upwelling of 14C-depleted and carbon-rich deep waters in the Southern Ocean, although an underestimate of fossil fuel CO2 emissions or changes in biospheric exchange are also possible explanations. This developing Δ14CO2 interhemispheric gradient is consistent with recent studies that indicate a reinvigorated Southern Ocean carbon sink since the mid-2000s and suggests that the upwelling of deep waters plays an important role in this change.

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