Identification and field evaluation of female sex pheromone of leaf-eating caterpillar, Opisina arenosella (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
K. R. M. Bhanu ◽  
D. R. Hall ◽  
R. V. Awalekar ◽  
M. Chandrashekharaiah ◽  
T. N. Divya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Opisina Arenosella ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Female Pheromone ◽  
Antennal Response

AbstractThe leaf-eating caterpillar,Opisina arenosellaWalker, is the most destructive pest of coconut palm in India and Southeast Asia. The management practices employed againstO. arenosellaso far have been unsuccessful in many instances in India, due to the pest behaviour and coconut palm phenology. The life cycle, incidence and behaviour ofO. arenosellaare rather interesting and useful for the intervention of pheromone trapping technique for its management. We conducted the present study with the intention of identifying the female sex pheromone ofO. arenosellaand testing its efficacy under field conditions. Gas chromatography coupled electroantennographic detection (GC–EAD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of female pheromone glands extract of one-day-oldO. arenosellafemales confirmed the presence of (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-tricosatriene (Z3Z6Z9-23Hy) as the dominant sex pheromone component. The male antennal response to female pheromone gland extract and syntheticZ3Z6Z9-23Hy was recorded using GC–EAD, and the results revealed that antennal response was positive to both the treatments at 0.13 mV and 0.14 mV respectively, compared to control (air), which was 0.016 mV. It was also evident from wind-tunnel experiments that the male moth response was high (80%) with the female gland extract, compared to 60% with synthetic pheromone and 0% for control (air). Male moths caught in the traps with and without lure were assessed in two field sites and recorded 69.26% and 54.25% more moth catches in the traps with the lure. We also observed a similar result in the cage experiment in which male moths caught in the traps with and without lure were 64.50% and 12.40%, respectively. The study also confirmed that 93.20% moths caught in the pheromone-baited traps were male. From the study, it is evident that the presence of (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9-tricosatriene, which is the sex pheromone compound from the female gland extract ofO. arenosella, is an effective attractant in pheromone traps for the male moth under field conditions.

scholarly journals Identification and characterisation of female released sex pheromone components of jute semilooper, Anomis sabulifera Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-264
Author(s):  
V.R. Babu ◽  
◽  
S. Satpathy ◽  
B.V.S. Reddy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Female Pheromone ◽  
Antennal Response ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Aim: Identification and characterization of female released sex pheromone components of jute semilooper, Anomis sabulifera Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from female pheromone gland extracts. Methodology: Electroantennogram (EAG) was carried for studying the antennal response; Gas Chromatography coupled with Electro antenna Detector (GC-EAD) was conducted for studying the antennal response of eluted compounds from female pheromone gland extract; Gas Chromatography and Mas Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) was conducted for characterization or getting complete profile of compounds present in the female pheromone gland extract based on retention times. Wind tunnel assay was conducted for studying the behavioural responses of eluted compounds from the female pheromone gland extract. Results: GC-MS profile of female pheromone gland extract revealed that the GC-EAD active region constituted (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene as active compounds. Preliminary wind tunnel studies for olfactory and behavioural responses showed blend of (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene (3 parts) + (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene (1 part) enticed 60% male adults. Interpretation: (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene are likely to be active pheromone components present in female sex pheromone glands. Blending of these two compounds in precise ratio can enhance the effectiveness of pheromone and can be used as effective strategy in jute IPM. Key words: Anomis sabulifera, Jute semilooper, Noctuidae, Sex pheromone, (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene

Identification and Field Evaluation of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Sand Salix Carpenterworm, Holcocerus arenicola Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Jing ◽  
Jintong Zhang ◽  
Youqing Luo ◽  
Shixiang Zong ◽  
Peihua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Carpenterworm Moth ◽  
Trap Catches

Extracts of female sex pheromone glands of the sand Salix carpenterworm moth, Holcocerus arenicola, a serious pest of desert thicket, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on comparison of retention times and mass spectra of synthetic standards, four compounds were identifi ed as cis-7-tetradecen-1-ol (Z7 - 14:OH), cis-5-tetradecen-1-yl acetate (Z5 - 14:OAc), cis-7-tetradecen- 1-yl acetate (Z7 - 14:OAc), and cis-9-hexadecen-1-yl acetate (Z9 - 16:OAc) with the ratio of 24:39:100:43. Electroantennographic (EAG) analyses of these standard chemicals and their analogues showed that Z7 - 14:OAc elicited the largest male EAG response, followed by Z5 - 14:OAc and Z9 - 16:OAc. In fi eld trials, traps baited with either Z7 - 14:OAc or Z5 - 14:OAc captured males while Z7 - 14:OH-, Z9 - 16:OAc- or solvent-baited traps caught no males. Z7 - 14:OAc as a single component was signifi cantly more attractive than Z5 - 14:OAc alone. The combination of Z7 - 14:OAc and Z5 - 14:OAc showed an evidently synergistic effect and attracted much more males than the individual compounds in the field. Addition of Z7 - 14:OH to the blend of Z7 - 14:OAc and Z5 - 14:OAc enhanced slightly the trap catches. We conclude that the major components of the sex pheromone of H. arenicola are Z7 - 14:OAc and Z5 - 14:OAc. Currently, a triangle trap baited with the synthetic compounds Z7 - 14:OAc, Z5 - 14:OAc, and Z7 - 14:OH in a 1:0.4:0.25 ratio at 825 μg/trap dosage can be effectively used to monitor the H. arenicola population level and catch the males within the desert regions in China.

Response to a Synthetic Pheromone Source by OX4319L, a Self-Limiting Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Strain, and Field Dispersal Characteristics of Its Progenitor Strain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bolton ◽  
Hilda L Collins ◽  
Tracey Chapman ◽  
Neil I Morrison ◽  
Stefan J Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Mark Release Recapture ◽  
Effective Use

The Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a global pest that infests vegetable and field crops within the Brassica family. A genetically engineered strain of P. xylostella, OX4319L, carrying a self-limiting gene, has shown potential for managing P. xylostella populations, using sustained releases of OX4319L male moths. In order for such a strain to provide control, the transgenic individuals must exhibit attraction to female P. xylostella sex pheromone and adequate dispersal in the field. In this study, we tested these key traits. First, we compared the responses of the OX4319L male moths to a synthetic female sex pheromone source in wind tunnel trials to those of males from three other strains. We found that OX4319L males responded comparably to strains of non-engineered males, with all males flying upwind towards the pheromone source. Second, we used mark-release-recapture studies of a wildtype P. xylostella strain, from which the OX4319L strain was originally developed, to assess dispersal under field conditions. Released males were recaptured using both pheromone-baited and passive traps within a 2.83 ha circular cabbage field, with a recapture rate of 7.93 percent. Males were recaptured up to the boundary of the field at 95 m from the central release point. The median dispersal of males was 14 m. These results showed the progenitor strain of OX4319L retained its ability to disperse within a host field. The results of these experiments are discussed in relation to the potential for the effective use of engineered male-selecting P. xylostella strains under field conditions.

scholarly journals Preliminary evidence for a female sex pheromone in porina (Wiseana copularis)

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 254-258
Author(s):  
R.A. Allan ◽  
A. Jimenez-Perez ◽  
Q. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Wing Fanning ◽  
Gas Chromatography Analysis

Porina larvae (Wiseana spp.) are a pest of pasture in New Zealand. Preliminary observations of adult W. copularis in a laboratory wind tunnel revealed that female moths fan their wings during dusk just prior to copulation. Females stopped wing-fanning upon arrival of a male moth. Mating lasted two to three minutes and no multiple mating was observed. Gas chromatography analysis of the air surrounding wingfanning females showed the presence of four volatile compounds. Gas chromatography/electro-antennogram (GC-EAD) studies indicated that male antennae were strongly responsive to one of these compounds. These findings suggest that female moths release a sex pheromone to attract male moths prior to copulation.

scholarly journals Response to a Synthetic Pheromone Source by OX4319L, a Self-Limiting Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Strain, and Field Dispersal Characteristics of its Progenitor Strain

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1546-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bolton ◽  
Hilda L Collins ◽  
Tracey Chapman ◽  
Neil I Morrison ◽  
Stefan J Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Mark Release Recapture ◽  
Effective Use

AbstractThe diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a global pest that infests vegetable and field crops within the Brassica family. A genetically engineered strain of P. xylostella, OX4319L, carrying a ‘self-limiting’ gene, has shown potential for managing P. xylostella populations, using sustained releases of OX4319L male moths. In order for such a strain to provide control, the transgenic individuals must exhibit attraction to female P. xylostella sex pheromone and adequate dispersal in the field. In this study, we tested these key traits. First, we compared the responses of the OX4319L male moths to a synthetic female sex pheromone source in wind tunnel trials to those of males from three other strains. We found that OX4319L males responded comparably to strains of non-engineered males, with all males flying upwind towards the pheromone source. Second, we used mark-release-recapture studies of a wildtype P. xylostella strain, from which the OX4319L strain was originally developed, to assess dispersal under field conditions. Released males were recaptured using both pheromone-baited and passive traps within a 2.83 ha circular cabbage field, with a recapture rate of 7.93%. Males were recaptured up to the boundary of the field at 95 m from the central release point. The median dispersal of males was 14 m. These results showed the progenitor strain of OX4319L retained its ability to disperse within a host field. The results of these experiments are discussed in relation to the potential for the effective use of engineered male-selecting P. xylostella strains under field conditions.

scholarly journals Sublethal Exposure Effects of the Neonicotinoid Clothianidin Strongly Modify the Brain Transcriptome and Proteome in the Male Moth Agrotis ipsilon

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Camille Meslin ◽  
Françoise Bozzolan ◽  
Virginie Braman ◽  
Solenne Chardonnet ◽  
Cédric Pionneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Hormetic Effect ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
The Brain

Insect pest management relies mainly on neurotoxic insecticides, including neonicotinoids such as clothianidin. The residual accumulation of low concentrations of these insecticides can have positive effects on target pest insects by enhancing various life traits. Because pest insects often rely on sex pheromones for reproduction and olfactory synaptic transmission is cholinergic, neonicotinoid residues could indeed modify chemical communication. We recently showed that treatments with low doses of clothianidin could induce hormetic effects on behavioral and neuronal sex pheromone responses in the male moth, Agrotis ipsilon. In this study, we used high-throughput RNAseq and proteomic analyses from brains of A. ipsilon males that were intoxicated with a low dose of clothianidin to investigate the molecular mechanisms leading to the observed hormetic effect. Our results showed that clothianidin induced significant changes in transcript levels and protein quantity in the brain of treated moths: 1229 genes and 49 proteins were differentially expressed upon clothianidin exposure. In particular, our analyses highlighted a regulation in numerous enzymes as a possible detoxification response to the insecticide and also numerous changes in neuronal processes, which could act as a form of acclimatization to the insecticide-contaminated environment, both leading to enhanced neuronal and behavioral responses to sex pheromone.

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