scholarly journals Reverberation Mapping Results from MDM Observatory

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S267) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Kelly D. Denney ◽  
B. M. Peterson ◽  
R. W. Pogge ◽  
M. C. Bentz ◽  
C. M. Gaskell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Spectroscopic Monitoring ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Optical Continuum ◽  
Black Hole Masses

Reverberation mapping takes advantage of the presence of a time delay or lag, τ, between continuum and emission line flux variations observed through spectroscopic monitoring campaigns to infer the radius of the broad-line region (BLR) and, subsequently, the central black hole mass in type 1 AGNs. We present results from a multi-month reverberation mapping campaign undertaken primarily at MDM Observatory with supporting observations from around the world. We measure BLR radii and black hole masses for six objects. The primary goal of this campaign was to obtain either new or improved Hβ reverberation lag measurements for several relatively low-luminosity AGNs. Using cross correlation techniques to measure the time delay between the mean optical continuum flux density around 5100 Å and the integrated Hβ flux, we determine the Hβ lags and black hole mass measurements listed in columns 2 and 3 of Table 1, respectively. Column 4 tells if this measurement is new, an improvement meant to replace a previous, less reliable measurement, or simply an additional measurement not used to replace a previous value. The complete results from this study are currently being prepared for publication. A subsequent velocity-resolved analysis of the Hβ response shows that three of the six primary targets demonstrate kinematic signatures (column 5) of infall, outflow, and non-radial virialized motions (see Denney et al. 2009).

scholarly journals Black hole mass measurements in AGN: Polarization in broad emission lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S342) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Luka Č. Popović ◽  
Victor L. Afanasiev ◽  
Djordje Savić
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Mass Estimation ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractWe present a new method for supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass measurements in Type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN) using polarization angle across broad lines. This method gives measured masses which are in a good agreement with reverberation estimates. Additionally, we explore the possibilities and limits of this method using the STOKES radiative transfer code taking a dominant Keplerian motion in the broad line region (BLR). We found that this method can be used for the direct SMBH mass estimation in the cases when in addition to the Kepler motion, radial inflows or vertical outflows are present in the BLR. Some advantages of the method are discussed.

scholarly journals Toward Precision Measurement of Central Black Hole Masses

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S267) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Line Region ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Black Hole Masses ◽  
Intrinsic Scatter ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

AbstractWe review briefly direct and indirect methods of measuring the masses of black holes in galactic nuclei, and then focus attention on supermassive black holes in active nuclei, with special attention to results from reverberation mapping and their limitations. We find that the intrinsic scatter in the relationship between the AGN luminosity and the broad-line region size is very small, ~0.11 dex, comparable to the uncertainties in the better reverberation measurements. We also find that the relationship between reverberation-based black hole masses and host-galaxy bulge luminosities also seems to have surprisingly little intrinsic scatter, ~0.17 dex. We note, however, that there are still potential systematics that could affect the overall mass calibration at the level of a factor of a few.

scholarly journals Optical continuum photometric reverberation mapping of the Seyfert-1 galaxy Mrk509

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Pozo Nuñez ◽  
N Gianniotis ◽  
J Blex ◽  
T Lisow ◽  
R Chini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Delays ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Disk Model ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Optical Continuum ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flux Calibration

Abstract We present the results of a two year optical continuum photometric reverberation mapping campaign carried out on the nucleus of the Seyfert-1 galaxy Mrk509. Specially designed narrow-band filters were used in order to mitigate the line and pseudo-continuum contamination of the signal from the broad line region, while allowing for high-accuracy flux-calibration over a large field of view. We obtained light curves with a sub-day time sampling and typical flux uncertainties of 1%. The high photometric precision allowed us to measure inter-band continuum time delays of up to ∼2 days across the optical range. The time delays are consistent with the relation τ∝λ4/3 predicted for an optically thick and geometrically thin accretion disk model. The size of the disk is, however, a factor of 1.8 larger than predictions based on the standard thin-disk theory. We argue that, for the particular case of Mrk509, a larger black hole mass due to the unknown geometry scaling factor can reconcile the difference between the observations and theory.

A Photoionization Method for Estimating Black Hole Masses in Quasars

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S342) ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
C. Alenka Negrete ◽  
Deborah Dultzin ◽  
Paola Marziani ◽  
Jack W. Sulentic ◽  
M. L. Martínez-Aldama
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Broad Line ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Broad Line Region ◽  
Supermassive Black Hole ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Black Hole Masses

AbstractWe present a method that uses photoionization codes (CLOUDY) to estimate the supermassive black hole masses (MBH) for quasars at low and high redshift. This method is based on the determination of the physical conditions of the broad line region (BLR) using observational diagnostic diagrams from line ratios in the UV. We also considered that the density and metallicity of the BLR in quasars at high z could be different from those at the nearby Universe. The computed black hole masses obtained using this method are in agreement with those derived from the method of reverberation mapping.

scholarly journals Black hole mass estimation for active galactic nuclei from a new angle

2019 ◽  
Vol 487 (3) ◽  
pp. 3404-3418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalya Baron ◽  
Brice Ménard
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Active Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Cosmic Time ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Mass Estimation ◽  
Line Region

Abstract The scaling relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxy properties are of fundamental importance in the context black hole-host galaxy co-evolution throughout cosmic time. In this work, we use a novel algorithm that identifies smooth trends in complex data sets and apply it to a sample of 2000 type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) spectra. We detect a sequence in emission line shapes and strengths which reveals a correlation between the narrow L([O iii])/L(H β) line ratio and the width of the broad H α. This scaling relation ties the kinematics of the gas clouds in the broad line region to the ionization state of the narrow line region, connecting the properties of gas clouds kiloparsecs away from the black hole to material gravitationally bound to it on sub-parsec scales. This relation can be used to estimate black hole masses from narrow emission lines only. It therefore enables black hole mass estimation for obscured type 2 AGNs and allows us to explore the connection between black holes and host galaxy properties for thousands of objects, well beyond the local Universe. Using this technique, we present the MBH–σ and MBH–M* scaling relations for a sample of about 10 000 type 2 AGNs from Sloan Digital Sky Survey. These relations are remarkably consistent with those observed for type 1 AGNs, suggesting that this new method may perform as reliably as the classical estimate used in non-obscured type 1 AGNs. These findings open a new window for studies of black hole-host galaxy co-evolution throughout cosmic time.

scholarly journals Uncertainties of the masses of black holes and Eddington ratios in AGN

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S238) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Suzy Collin
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Region I ◽  
Accretion Rates ◽  
Unknown Structure ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Empirical Size ◽  
Black Hole Masses

AbstractBlack hole masses in Active Galactic Nuclei have been determined in 35 objects through reverberation mapping of the emission line region. I mention some uncertainties of the method, such as the “scale factor” relating the Virial Product to the mass, which depends on the unknown structure and dynamics of the Broad Line Region.When the black hole masses are estimated indirectly using the empirical size-luminosity relation deduced from this method, the uncertainties can be larger, especially when the relation is extrapolated to high and low masses and/or luminosities. In particular they lead to Eddington ratiosof the order of unity in samples of Narrow Line Seyfert 1. As the optical-UV luminosity is provided by the accretion disk, the accretion rates can be determined and are found to be much larger than the Eddington rates.So, accretion must be performed at a super-critical rate through a slim disk, resulting in rapid growth of the black holes. The alternative is that the mass determination is wrong at this limit.

scholarly journals Testing the robustness of black hole mass measurements with ALMA and MUSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (S353) ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Sabine Thater ◽  
Davor Krajnović ◽  
Dieu D. Nguyen ◽  
Satoru Iguchi ◽  
Peter M. Weilbacher
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Stellar Kinematics ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Massive Black Hole ◽  
Gas Kinematics ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Black Hole Masses

AbstractWe present our ongoing work of using two independent tracers to estimate the supermassive black hole mass in the nearby early-type galaxy NGC 6958; namely integrated stellar and molecular gas kinematics. We used data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), and the adaptive-optics assisted Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) and constructed state-of-the-art dynamical models. The different methods provide black hole masses of (2.89±2.05)×108M⊙ from stellar kinematics and (1.35±0.09)×108M⊙ from molecular gas kinematics which are consistent within their 3σ uncertainties. Compared to recent MBH - σe scaling relations, we derive a slightly over-massive black hole. Our results also confirm previous findings that gas-based methods tend to provide lower black hole masses than stellar-based methods. More black hole mass measurements and an extensive analysis of the method-dependent systematics are needed in the future to understand this noticeable discrepancy.

scholarly journals SUPER

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. A175
Author(s):  
G. Vietri ◽  
V. Mainieri ◽  
D. Kakkad ◽  
H. Netzer ◽  
M. Perna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Line Profile ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bolometric Luminosity ◽  
Line Region ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Black Hole Masses

Aims. The SINFONI survey for Unveiling the Physics and Effect of Radiative feedback (SUPER) was designed to conduct a blind search for AGN-driven outflows on X-ray-selected AGNs at redshift z ∼ 2 with high (∼2 kpc) spatial resolution, and to correlate them with the properties of their host galaxy and central black hole. The main aims of this paper are: (a) to derive reliable estimates for the masses of the black holes and accretion rates for the Type-1 AGNs in this survey; and (b) to characterise the properties of the AGN-driven winds in the broad line region (BLR). Methods. We analysed rest-frame optical and UV spectra of 21 Type-1 AGNs. We used Hα, Hβ, and MgII line profiles to estimate the masses of the black holes. We used the blueshift of the CIV line profile to trace the presence of winds in the BLR. Results. We find that the Hα and Hβ line widths are strongly correlated, as is the line continuum luminosity at 5100 Å with Hα line luminosity, resulting in a well-defined correlation between black hole masses estimated from Hα and Hβ. Using these lines, we estimate that the black hole masses for our objects are in the range Log (MBH/M⊙) = 8.4–10.8 and are accreting at λEdd = 0.04–1.3. Furthermore, we confirm the well-known finding that the CIV line width does not correlate with the Balmer lines and the peak of the line profile is blueshifted with respect to the [OIII]-based systemic redshift. These findings support the idea that the CIV line is tracing outflowing gas in the BLR for which we estimated velocities up to ∼4700 km s−1. We confirm the strong dependence of the BLR wind velocity on the UV-to-X-ray continuum slope, the bolometric luminosity, and Eddington ratio. We infer BLR mass outflow rates in the range 0.005–3 M⊙ yr−1, revealing a correlation with the bolometric luminosity consistent with that observed for ionised winds in the narrow line region (NLR), and X-ray winds detected in local AGNs, and kinetic power ∼10−7 − 10−4 × LBol. The coupling efficiencies predicted by AGN-feedback models are much higher than the values reported for the BLR winds in the SUPER sample; although it should be noted that only a fraction of the energy injected by the AGN into the surrounding medium is expected to become kinetic power in the outflow. Finally, we find an anti-correlation between the equivalent width of the [OIII] line and the CIV velocity shift, and a positive correlation between this latter parameter and [OIII] outflow velocity. These findings, for the first time in an unbiased sample of AGNs at z ∼ 2, support a scenario where BLR winds are connected to galaxy-scale detected outflows, and are therefore capable of affecting the gas in the NLR located at kiloparsec scale distances.

scholarly journals Reverberation Mapping Measurements of Black Hole Masses and Broad-line Region Kinematics in Mrk 817 and NGC 7469

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Kai-Xing Lu ◽  
Jian-Guo Wang ◽  
Zhi-Xiang Zhang ◽  
Ying-Ke Huang ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Broad Line ◽  
Reverberation Mapping ◽  
Broad Line Region ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Black Hole Masses ◽  
Ngc 7469

scholarly journals An Estimate of the Local Active Black Hole Mass Function and the Distribution Function of Eddington Ratios

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S267) ◽  
pp. 266-266
Author(s):  
Andreas Schulze ◽  
Lutz Wisotzki
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Black Hole Mass ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Underlying Distribution ◽  
Black Hole Growth ◽  
Hole Growth ◽  
Black Hole Masses

The observed relations between the black hole mass and the properties of the spheroidal galaxy component imply a close connection between the growth of supermassive black holes and the evolution of their host galaxies. An effective approach to study black hole growth is to measure black hole masses and Eddington ratios of well-defined type 1 AGN samples and determine the underlying distribution functions.

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