Interview with Brigadier General Richard C. Gross

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (893) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Joint Chiefs Of Staff ◽  
The Us ◽  
Virginia School ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Army War College ◽  
The University ◽  
The Military

Brigadier General Richard C. “Rich” Gross is the US Army Legal Counsel to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He attended the Military Academy at West Point and was commissioned in the US Army as a second lieutenant in the Infantry. He also attended the University of Virginia School of Law and the US Army Judge Advocate General's Corps. He holds a Master's degree in strategic studies from the US Army War College. Prior to his current position, he served as the Chief Legal Adviser for the Joint Special Operations Command, the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), US Forces-Afghanistan (USFOR-A) and at US Central Command.The scope of application of international humanitarian law (IHL) is a deceptively simple concept; broadly speaking, it is where, when and to whom the IHL rules apply. Although this has always been a precondition for discussing IHL issues, the outer limits of the law's applicability remain unsettled. To open this issue on the nuances of the scope of the law's application, Brigadier General Gross gave the following interview providing the US perspective on the circumstances in which IHL applies, and the challenges that lie ahead in light of the ongoing evolution of the way war is waged.

Education of a Senior Officer

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Michael E. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Air War ◽  
Us Army ◽  
War Department ◽  
Senior Officer ◽  
The Us ◽  
General Officers ◽  
Army War College ◽  
The Military

Almond began his transition to the Army’s senior leadership with attendance at the US Army War College, where his classmates included future five-star flag officers Omar Bradley and William Halsey. Moving directly to the War Department General Staff (WDGS) after graduation, Almond reported to Military Intelligence Division’s Latin America desk where monitored the activities of the military Attachés assigned to Central and South America. He sought more educational opportunities by attending the Air Corps Tactical School (ACTS) a precursor to the present-day Air War College, and the Naval War College, where his performance earned him a teaching spot. Few other future general officers attended two senior service colleges, and none attended all three. He turned down that job and went to VI Corps where he spent the last year before the next war conducting the large scale maneuver exercises that would prepare him for his next assignment.

Human Performance Optimization

Head Strong ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 78-98
Author(s):  
Michael D. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Leader Development ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Military Forces ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military ◽  
Near Future

Budgetary constraints and emerging advances in weapons technology have resulted in a substantial reduction in the sizes of contemporary military forces. The US Army, at less than 500,000 soldiers, is a fraction of its size of a generation ago, yet the demands for it to deploy in a variety of missions around the globe have only increased. This chapter reviews current and emerging strategies that may aid in optimizing soldier performance. Developments in human physiology, genetics, nutrition, neurotechnology, sleep, noncognitive amplifiers, and leader development are described. Currently available strategies are identified, as are approaches to human performance optimization that are likely to emerge in the near future. Extrapolations of human performance optimization protocols to other contexts beyond the military are considered.

Edward M. Almond and the US Army

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
World War ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Greatest Generation ◽  
Virginia Military Institute ◽  
The Us ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
The Military

This biography examines the long career of Lt. Gen. Edward M. Almond, who was born to a family of modest means in rural Virginia. His early education at the Virginia Military Institute, steeped him in Confederate lore and nurtured his “can do” attitude, natural aggressiveness, demanding personality and sometimes self-serving nature. These qualities later earned him the sobriquet “Sic’em, Ned,” which stuck with him for the remainder of his career. Almond commanded the African-American 92nd Infantry Division during World War II. The division failed in combat and was re-organized, after which it contained one white, one black, and the Army’s only Japanese-American (Nisei) regiment. The years since that war have seen the glorification of the “Greatest Generation,” with all racist notions and ideas “whitewashed” with a veneer of honor. When war came to Korea, Almond commanded X Corps in the Inchon invasion, liberation of Seoul, race to the Yalu. When the Chinese entered the war and sent the US Army into retreat, Almond mounted one of the largest evacuations in history at Hungnam -- but not before the disaster at Chosin claimed the lives of hundreds of soldiers and marines. This book reveals Almond as a man who stubbornly held onto bigoted attitudes about race, but also exhibited an unfaltering commitment to the military profession. Often viewed as the “Army’s racist,” Almond reflected the attitudes of the Army and society. This book places Almond in a broader context and presents a more complete picture of this flawed man yet gifted officer.

The Heringen Collection of the US Geological Survey Library, Reston, Virginia

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hadden
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Us Army ◽  
German Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Private Homes ◽  
The Military

A special collection of German, Polish, and Russian language books, maps and reports in the US Geological Survey Library has an interesting and unusual history. The so-called ‘Heringen Collection’ came from Nazi Germany. Many of these items were captured from libraries, offices and even private homes as the German Army advanced into neighboring countries. In the last days of the war, these maps, reports, photos and other records were sent from the Military Geology offices in Berlin to the safety of a deep potash mineshaft in Heringen (Werra), in Hessen, Germany. A group of US Army soldiers found these lost records of the Third Reich. When removed from the Heringen mine, those records that dealt with the earth sciences, terrain analysis, military geology and other geological matters were sent to the USGS, and eventually came to reside at the USGS Library. The printed papers and books were mostly incorporated into the main collection, but a portion of the materials have never been cataloged, calendared or indexed. These materials have many current uses, including projects of value to citizens in their nations of origin.

High Stakes in Ohio

Peacemakers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Pardew
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Military Power ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Major Point ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Military

The Dayton proximity talks are a vast diplomatic undertaking. Holbrooke is the ringmaster of this unwieldy operation with no guarantee of success. Attendees perceive a dinner at an Air Force museum as a show of US military power. Talks happen on many levels in the first two weeks, but key issues remain unsolved. Neoconservative Richard Perle arrives to assist the Bosnian Muslim delegation. The military annex becomes a major point of negotiations between Washington and the US negotiators at Dayton. Milosevic assures Pardew’s spouse that their son, an officer in the US Army, will be safe in Bosnia.

The Spider Web Chart

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Spider Web ◽  
Connected Network ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military ◽  
Unique Power

This chapter examines how the anticommunist movement created the so-called Spider Web Chart that articulated its narrative of a vast and deadly conspiracy against America mounted from within by Bolshevik spies, agents, and dupes. Representatives of government, big business, high finance, and the military were linked ever tightly by the rallying cause of anticommunism. The anticommunist movement sought to coherently define their cause and promote it in the wider community. Soon enough, the movement produced its ideal propaganda in an image that satisfied its members' political and psychological needs: the Spider Web Chart. Produced by the Chemical Warfare Service of the US Army, the chart proved to be a scheme of unique power, ideal for spreading the message of anticommunism. This chapter first considers how the Spider Web Chart was conceptualized before discussing its enduring effects. It shows that the Spider Web Chart encouraged anticommunists to develop an extensive and highly connected network of kindred associations and a monolithic ideology.

Wars of Civilization: The US Army Contemplates Wounded Knee, the Pullman Strike, and the Philippine Insurrection

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Murolo
Keyword(s):  
Military History ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Us Army ◽  
State Action ◽  
The Us ◽  
Wounded Knee ◽  
The Military

AbstractThis article explores the military history that links federal suppression of the Pullman Strike in 1894 to the massacre at Wounded Knee in 1890 and the US conquest of the Philippines in 1899–1903. Military men expressed remarkably similar understandings of their targets in the three campaigns, and in each case they paired condemnations of the enemy with many of the same positive stereotypes of soldiers like themselves. Analysis of this imagery offers new perspectives on the US Army's role in imperial projects as well as state action against labor. If strikers resembled unruly colonial subjects in the military mind, the reverse also held true; and soldiers' self-representations reveal that their goals did not necessarily match the state's agenda.

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