scholarly journals Mass Balance of Perfluoroalkyl Acids, Including Trifluoroacetic Acid, in a Freshwater Lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria K. Björnsdotter ◽  
Leo W. Y. Yeung ◽  
Anna Kärrman ◽  
Ingrid Ericson Jogsten
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids

Temporal-spatial distributions and ecological risks of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the surface water from the fifth-largest freshwater lake in China (Lake Chaohu)

2015 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Xiu Liu ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Ning Qin ◽  
Xiang-Zhen Kong ◽  
Qi-Shuang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Lake Chaohu ◽  
China Lake

scholarly journals Mass Balance of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in the Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 4088-4095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Filipovic ◽  
Urs Berger ◽  
Michael S. McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

o-formylation of 4-hydroxybenzonitrile in trifluoroacetic acid

10.1039/sp648 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Li ◽  
Pratik Gurnani
Keyword(s):  
Trifluoroacetic Acid

Contribution of large bacteria to bacterial biomass in a deep freshwater lake (Lake Biwa, Japan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
S Shen ◽  
Y Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Bacterial Productivity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Seasonal And Spatial Variations

Despite the importance of bacterial cell volume in microbial ecology in aquatic environments, literature regarding the effects of seasonal and spatial variations on bacterial cell volume remains scarce. We used transmission electron microscopy to examine seasonal and spatial variations in bacterial cell size for 18 mo in 2 layers (epilimnion 0.5 m and hypolimnion 60 m) of Lake Biwa, Japan, a large and deep freshwater lake. During the stratified period, we found that the bacterial cell volume in the hypolimnion ranged from 0.017 to 0.12 µm3 (median), whereas that in the epilimnion was less variable (0.016 to 0.033 µm3, median) and much lower than that in the hypolimnion. Additionally, in the hypolimnion, cell volume during the stratified period was greater than that during the mixing period (up to 5.7-fold). These differences in cell volume resulted in comparable bacterial biomass in the hypolimnion and epilimnion, despite the fact that there was lower bacterial abundance in the hypolimnion than in the epilimnion. We also found that the biomass of larger bacteria, which are not likely to be grazed by heterotrophic nanoflagellates, increased in the hypolimnion during the stratified period. Our data suggest that estimation of carbon flux (e.g. bacterial productivity) needs to be interpreted cautiously when cell volume is used as a constant parametric value. In deep freshwater lakes, a difference in cell volume with seasonal and spatial variation may largely affect estimations.

MASS BALANCE OF NEBULIZED DRUG DELIVERY: RESIDUAL DRUG LEVELS AND THE EFFECTS OF AN ALTERNATIVE AIR HUMIDIFICATION METHOD

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-510
Author(s):  
Corinne S. Lengsfeld ◽  
Benjamen A. Filas
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Air Humidification

MASS BALANCE IN LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD WITH DIRICHLET VELOCITY BOUNDARY CONDITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 811-826
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Mo Yang ◽  
Ya-Ling He ◽  
Yuwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Method ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Boltzmann Method

Formation and Trapping of the Thermodynamically Unfavoured Inverted-Hemicucurbit[6]uril

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Prigorchenko ◽  
Sandra Kaabel ◽  
Triin Narva ◽  
Anastassia Baškir ◽  
Maria Fomitšenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Combinatorial Chemistry ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Chloride Anion ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
Dynamic Covalent Chemistry ◽  
Reaction Selectivity ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry ◽  
First Time

Amplification of a thermodynamically unfavoured macrocyclic product through the directed shift of the equilibrium between dynamic covalent chemistry library members is difficult to achieve. We show for the first time that during condensation of formaldehyde and <i>cis</i>-<i>N,N'</i>-cyclohexa-1,2-diylurea formation of <i>inverted-cis</i>-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (<i>i-cis</i>-cycHC[6]) can be induced at the expense of thermodynamically favoured <i>cis</i>-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[6]uril (<i>cis</i>-cycHC[6]). The formation of <i>i-cis-</i>cycHC[6] is enhanced in low concentration of the templating chloride anion and suppressed in excess of this template. We found that reaction selectivity is governed by the solution-based template-aided dynamic combinatorial chemistry and continuous removal of the formed cycHC[6] macrocycles from the equilibrating solution by precipitation. Notably, the <i>i-cis</i>-cycHC[6] was isolated with 33% yield. Different binding affinities of three diastereomeric <i>i-cis</i>-, <i>cis</i>-cycHC[6] and their chiral isomer (<i>R,R</i>)-cycHC[6] for trifluoroacetic acid demonstrate the influence of macrocycle geometry on complex formation.

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