A bosonic path integral formalism is developed for Dirac fermions interacting with a non-Abelian gauge field in D-dimensional Euclidean space–time. The representation for the effective action and correlation functions of interacting fermions as sums over all bosonic paths on the complex projective space CP2d−1 (2d = 2[D/2]) is derived where the whole of the spinor structure is absorbed by the one-dimensional Wess–Zumino term. It is the Wess–Zumino term that ensures all necessary properties of Dirac fermions under quantization, i.e. quantized values of the spin, Dirac equation, and Fermi statistics.
Observation of One-Dimensional Dirac Fermions in Silicon Nanoribbons
