Using In Situ High-Energy X-ray Diffraction to Quantify Electrode Behavior of Li-Ion Batteries from Extreme Fast Charging

The complexity of layered-spinel yLi2MnO3·(1 – y)Li1+xMn2–xO4 (Li:Mn = 1.2:1; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.33; y ≥ 0.45) composites synthesized at different temperatures has been investigated by a combination of x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). While the layered component does not change substantially between samples, an evolution of the spinel component from a high to a low lithium excess phase has been traced with temperature by comparing with data for pure Li1+xMn2–xO4. The changes that occur to the structure of the spinel component and to the average oxidation state of the manganese ions within the composite structure as lithium is electrochemically removed in a battery have been monitored using these techniques, in some cases in situ. Our 6Li NMR results constitute the first direct observation of lithium removal from Li2MnO3 and the formation of LiMnO2 upon lithium reinsertion.

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Gold model anodes for Li-ion batteries: Single crystalline systems studied by in situ X-ray diffraction

Electrochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.014 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (21) ◽

pp. 6064-6069 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

F.U. Renner ◽

H. Kageyama ◽

Z. Siroma ◽

M. Shikano ◽

S. Schöder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Li Ion Batteries ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Single Crystalline ◽

X Ray ◽

Li Ion

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In situ studies of electrodic materials in Li-ion cells upon cycling performed by very-high-energy x-ray diffraction

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.1383058 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 27-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

V. Rossi Albertini ◽

P. Perfetti ◽

F. Ronci ◽

P. Reale ◽

B. Scrosati

Keyword(s):

High Energy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

In Situ Studies ◽

Very High Energy ◽

Li Ion ◽

Very High

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In situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies and first principles modeling of α-MnO2 electrodes in Li–O2 and Li-ion coin cells

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c4ta06633b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (14) ◽

pp. 7389-7398 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Zhenzhen Yang ◽

Lynn Trahey ◽

Yang Ren ◽

Maria K. Y. Chan ◽

Chikai Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Principles ◽

Structural Changes ◽

High Energy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Synchrotron Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Li Ion ◽

Battery Cells

In situ synchrotron diffraction and first principles modeling shows structural changes in α-MnO2 during cycling in Li–O2 battery cells, as lithium and oxygen are incorporated into and removed from tunnels in the structure.

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Probing chemical heterogeneity of Li-ion batteries by in operando high energy X-ray diffraction radiography

Journal of Power Sources ◽

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 403 ◽

pp. 49-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M.J. Mühlbauer ◽

A. Schökel ◽

M. Etter ◽

V. Baran ◽

A. Senyshyn

Keyword(s):

High Energy ◽

Chemical Heterogeneity ◽

Li Ion Batteries ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Li Ion ◽

In Operando

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Thermal stability of charged LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode for Li-ion batteries investigated by synchrotron based in situ X-ray diffraction

Journal of Alloys and Compounds ◽

10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.02.060 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 562 ◽

pp. 219-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Yong-Hun Cho ◽

Donghyuk Jang ◽

Jeongbae Yoon ◽

Hyunchul Kim ◽

Tae Kyu Ahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Li Ion Batteries ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Li Ion ◽

Thermal Stability Of

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In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Abused LiMn2O4–LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Composite Cathode Materials in Li-Ion Batteries

ECS Meeting Abstracts ◽

10.1149/ma2013-02/5/322 ◽

2013 ◽

Keyword(s):

Cathode Materials ◽

Composite Cathode ◽

Li Ion Batteries ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Li Ion

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In-Situ High-Energy X-ray Diffraction Study of Austenite Decomposition During Rapid Cooling and Isothermal Holding in Two HSLA Steels

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A ◽

10.1007/s11661-021-06192-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 1812-1825

Author(s):

Sen Lin ◽

Ulrika Borggren ◽

Andreas Stark ◽

Annika Borgenstam ◽

Wangzhong Mu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Isothermal Holding ◽

Weight Percent ◽

High Energy ◽

Decomposition Kinetics ◽

Bainitic Transformation ◽

Austenite Decomposition ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Rapid Cooling ◽

X Ray

AbstractIn-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction experiments with high temporal resolution during rapid cooling (280 °C s−1) and isothermal heat treatments (at 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C for 30 minutes) were performed to study austenite decomposition in two commercial high-strength low-alloy steels. The rapid phase transformations occurring in these types of steels are investigated for the first time in-situ, aiding a detailed analysis of the austenite decomposition kinetics. For the low hardenability steel with main composition Fe-0.08C-1.7Mn-0.403Si-0.303Cr in weight percent, austenite decomposition to polygonal ferrite and bainite occurs already during the initial cooling. However, for the high hardenability steel with main composition Fe-0.08C-1.79Mn-0.182Si-0.757Cr-0.094Mo in weight percent, the austenite decomposition kinetics is retarded, chiefly by the Mo addition, and therefore mainly bainitic transformation occurs during isothermal holding; the bainitic transformation rate at the isothermal holding is clearly enhanced by lowered temperature from 550 °C to 500 °C and 450 °C. During prolonged isothermal holding, carbide formation leads to decreased austenite carbon content and promotes continued bainitic ferrite formation. Moreover, at prolonged isothermal holding at higher temperatures some degenerate pearlite form.

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