scholarly journals How Does Vegetable Waste Decomposition Influence the Antibiotic Resistome and the Human Bacterial Pathogen Structure in Leachates?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishu Liang ◽  
Wen Liao ◽  
Yun Yu ◽  
Guiying Li ◽  
Taicheng An
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Vegetable Waste

Quintuplex PCR to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navindra Kumari Palanisamy ◽  
Parasakthi Navaratnam ◽  
Shamala Devi Sekaran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Efflux Mechanism ◽  
Mic Value

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen, causing respiratory infection. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is associated with alterations in the penicillin binding proteins, while resistance to macrolides is conferred either by the modification of the ribosomal target site or efflux mechanism. This study aimed to characterize S. pneumoniae and its antibiotic resistance genes using 2 sets of multiplex PCRs. Methods: A quintuplex and triplex PCR was used to characterize the pbp1A, ermB, gyrA, ply, and the mefE genes. Fifty-eight penicillin sensitive strains (PSSP), 36 penicillin intermediate strains (PISP) and 26 penicillin resistance strains (PRSP) were used. Results: Alteration in pbp1A was only observed in PISP and PRSP strains, while PCR amplification of the ermB or mefE was observed only in strains with reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. The assay was found to be sensitive as simulated blood cultures showed the lowest level of detection to be 10cfu. Conclusions: As predicted, the assay was able to differentiate penicillin susceptible from the non-susceptible strains based on the detection of the pbp1A gene, which correlated with the MIC value of the strains.

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 4287-4294
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Romania and worldwide. Cancer patients are at increasing risk of acquiring bacterial infection with multi-resistant germs, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Gram-negative bacteria involved in nosocomial infection. Romania is one of the South-Eastern European countries with one of the highest prevalence rates of MDR pathogens. To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance pattern in cancer patients admitted at the County Emergency Clinical Hospital Craiova, Romania. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 90 adult cancer patients admitted from January to December 2018. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. In this study there were analysed 92 samples from 90 oncological patients (37-86 years). A total of 157 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 37 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (23.56%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (23- 14.64%), Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli (22 - 14,01%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (86 isolates - 54.77%). High rates of MDR were found for E. coli (63.63%), MRSA (61,11%) and Klebsiella spp. (54,54%), while one third of the isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and Proteus spp. were MDR. The findings of this study may be the basis for further more extensive studies highlighting the germs involved in the infectious pathology of cancer patients, in order to determine the antimicrobial resistance and to improve the methods of prophylaxis and treatment. Keywords: multidrug resistance (MDR), cancer patients, bacterial pathogen

Enhanced Efficacy of DNA Vaccines Against an Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen by Genetic Adjuvants

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Leclercq ◽  
Jerome Harms ◽  
Sergio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccines ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen

Kinase Targets for Mycolic Acid Biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahinda S.R. Alsayed ◽  
Chau C. Beh ◽  
Neil R. Foster ◽  
Alan D. Payne ◽  
Yu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Mycolic Acids ◽  
Hydroxylated Fatty Acids

Background:Mycolic acids (MAs) are the characteristic, integral building blocks for the mycomembrane belonging to the insidious bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). These C60-C90 long α-alkyl-β-hydroxylated fatty acids provide protection to the tubercle bacilli against the outside threats, thus allowing its survival, virulence and resistance to the current antibacterial agents. In the post-genomic era, progress has been made towards understanding the crucial enzymatic machineries involved in the biosynthesis of MAs in M.tb. However, gaps still remain in the exact role of the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of regulatory mechanisms within these systems. To date, a total of 11 serine-threonine protein kinases (STPKs) are found in M.tb. Most enzymes implicated in the MAs synthesis were found to be phosphorylated in vitro and/or in vivo. For instance, phosphorylation of KasA, KasB, mtFabH, InhA, MabA, and FadD32 downregulated their enzymatic activity, while phosphorylation of VirS increased its enzymatic activity. These observations suggest that the kinases and phosphatases system could play a role in M.tb adaptive responses and survival mechanisms in the human host. As the mycobacterial STPKs do not share a high sequence homology to the human’s, there have been some early drug discovery efforts towards developing potent and selective inhibitors.Objective:Recent updates to the kinases and phosphatases involved in the regulation of MAs biosynthesis will be presented in this mini-review, including their known small molecule inhibitors.Conclusion:Mycobacterial kinases and phosphatases involved in the MAs regulation may serve as a useful avenue for antitubercular therapy.

Sustainable fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis for the vegetable industry in reducing liquor from vegetable waste

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Shuwei Zhao ◽  
Pengjia Dou ◽  
Xuemei Li ◽  
Dengxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Vegetable Waste
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