Timing and Pattern of Anthocyanin Accumulation during Grain Filling in Purple Waxy Corn (Zea mays L.) Suggest Optimal Harvest Dates

Recent studies have shown that pollen from a long-season maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid increased yield of a short-season hybrid by lengthening the effective grain-filling period, while the reciprocal cross did not alter this period or yield. This effect (metaxenia) was evaluated further in the studies reported here with hybrids of more diverse maturity and under both high and low N fertility. In the first year of this study (1989), sib- and cross-pollinations were made among B73Ht × Mo17 (B × 7) and two early-silking hybrids, LH59 × LH146 (L × 6) and Pioneer 3732 (3732) under N-sufficient (275 kg ha−1) and two lower N regimes (17 and 67 kg ha−1). Only a few significant effects were observed and these were noted at high N with one exception. With 3732 pollen, grain yield of B × 7 was decreased at 275 kg N ha−1, and physiological maturity occurred 3 d earlier. Yield of 3732 was increased by L × 6 pollen in comparison with B × 7 pollen. Kernel number and average kernel weight were not altered by pollen source. Pollen type did not affect yields under low N fertility, except for a reduction when B × 7 was pollinated by L × 6 at the 67-kg N ha−1 rate. In 1990, under N-sufficient fertility, B73Ht × LH156 (B × 6), a late-silking hybrid, and LH146 × LH82 (L × 2), an earlier hybrid, were sib- and cross-pollinated with B × 7 and 3732. The only significant effect observed was that L × 2 pollen increased B × 6 yield. Thus with the hybrids used, yields of early-season types were not altered by cross-pollination with long-season types. Previous results showing increased yields when 3732 was pollinated by B × 7 were not duplicated in either year, suggesting metaxenia effects are highly dependent upon environment.Key words: Metaxenia, xenia, cross-pollination, maize, yield, N levels

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CULTURAL PRACTICES AFFECTING MATURITY AND YIELD OF CORN (ZEA MAYS) FOR WHOLE-PLANT SILAGE IN SHORT-SEASON AREAS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps78-098 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 629-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. P. WHITE

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Early Fall ◽

Short Season ◽

Low Levels

The production of corn (Zea mays L.) as whole-plant silage in short-season areas is severely restricted by such factors as late planting, slow emergence, slow early growth, and delayed silking that result from cold, wet soils and low levels of accumulated heat units. Failure of the plants to reach physiological maturity results from early fall frosts. The effects of variations in planting dates, plant densities, fertilizer and manure treatments, weeds, harvest dates, and other cultural practices on the yield and maturity of silage corn are discussed.

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Karakteristik Fenotipik dan Pengelompokan Jagung Pulut Hibrida Zea mays L. Hasil Persilangan Puncak

Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan ◽

10.20956/jal.v10i1.6624 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Juhriah Juhriah ◽

Muhammad Azrai ◽

Elis Tambaru ◽

Jum Eka Rahayu

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Experimental Plant ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Phenotypic Characters ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Qualitative Characters ◽

Waxy Corn

This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.

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Interplant root competition leads to an overcrowding effect in maize

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps09007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 1041-1045 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W Jiang ◽

K Wang ◽

G Jiang ◽

Q Wu ◽

J Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Root Competition ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Lag Phase ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

The Impact

We conducted an experiment with two maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) to examine the effect of interplant root competition on root growth and to evaluate the impact to total plant performance. Two maize hybrids (Jinhai 5 and Denghai 3719) were grown either with no root competition in their own plot (owners) or as individuals sharing twice the space and nutrients (sharers). Plants were sampled every other week after pollination to track changes in root and shoot biomass. The carbohydrate allocation was smaller in the roots of sharers compared with owners at the pro-phase of grain filling and shoot accumulation was slightly accelerated during this period. However, at the lag phase, the accumulation rate in the shoots of individual plants was distinctly lower than in owners, as a result of earlier root senescence. Overall, shoot mass was reduced by 8% in sharers of both hybrids, while they showed a similar root to shoot ratio compared with the owners. Although the “sharing” treatment was confounded by larger soil spaces, the effects of larger soil volume and interplant root competition were different, and demonstrate that interplant root competition has an inhibitory effect on roots. Maize plants displayed an overcrowding effect (or an escape strategy) by allocating more carbohydrate to the shoots at the expense of the roots when faced with interplant root competition.Key words: Overcrowding effect, interplant root competition, maize (zea mays L.), root discrimination

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PERFORMANCE UNDER STRESS OF ADVANCED CYCLES OF FOUR POPULATIONS OF CORN (Zea mays L.) IN AN S1 PER SE RECURRENT SELECTION PROGRAM

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps81-005 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

O. A. ADARA ◽

L. W. KANNENBERG

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Primary Selection ◽

Per Se ◽

Selection For ◽

Advanced Cycles

Two cycles of S1 per se recurrent selection were conducted in four populations of corn (Zea mays L.). The primary selection criterion was a performance index: grain yield divided by percent moisture at harvest. The original (C0) source material and first cycle (C1) of selection for each population were evaluated in a favorable (1977) and an unfavorable (1978) growing season. Second cycle (C2) materials were also included in the 1978 comparisons. In 1977, C1 yielded significantly more grain than C0 in three of the four populations. In contrast, performance of C1 and C2 materials in 1978 was inferior to C0 in all populations but one. The advanced cycles of only one population showed improvement over C0 in both years. Comparisons of the 1977 data for days to silking, grain yield, and percent ear moisture at harvest suggest that rate of grain filling in C1 was higher than in C0 for all populations. The higher rates of grain filling in the advanced cycles may have caused a carbohydrate deficiency under stress (1978) so that the leaves no longer functioned normally and kernel filling was terminated prematurely. In general, the four populations showed inherent differences in their respective responses to selection, to environmental stress, and to inbreeding.

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Influences of Genotype and Drought at Flowering and Grain Filling on Root Architecture Traits of Zea mays L.

Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajahr/2018/45846 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Ahmed Medhat Mohamed Al-Naggar ◽

Magdi Mohamed Shafik ◽

Mohammad Omar Elsheikh

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Root Architecture ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Grain Filling

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