Long-Term Trends in Motor Vehicle Emissions in U.S. Urban Areas

The increasing number of motorized vehicles has a direct impact on exhaust gas air pollution. The air pollution in urban areas is dominated by motorized vehicle emissions, along with pollution problems. This study aims to reduce motor vehicle emissions by using a catalytic converter design made from a brass plate catalyst in the shape of a honeycomb. Honeycomb-shaped brass is suitable for catalysts in the catalytic converter. Besides being easy to obtain and cheap in price, the catalyst can reduce and oxidize exhaust gases well, making it suitable as a catalyst material. The method used in this research is the experimental method. It is started from the design of the catalytic converter house and determining the type of catalyst to the process of making the catalytic converter with a honeycomb-shaped brass plate. Then, testing to determine the emission of exhaust gases produced is required. The last step is to compare it without using a catalytic converter or standard conditions. From the results of the emission test, it was found that the use of a catalytic converter made from a brass plate catalyst in the shape of a honeycomb can reduce HC and CO emissions, while CO2 emissions have increased. A decrease in HC gas emissions by 19.1% for a single catalytic converter and 33.7% for a dual catalytic converter is better compared to without using a catalytic converter or standard conditions. Reduced CO gas emissions by 23.8% for a single catalytic converter and 43.1% for a dual catalytic converter are compared to without using a catalytic converter. Meanwhile, CO2 gas emissions increased by 60.7% for a single catalytic converter, and 81.6% for multiple catalytic converters are compared without using a catalytic converter. This is a result of the addition of oxygen to the oxidation process that running smoothly.

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Contribution of motor vehicle emissions to surface ozone in urban areas: A case study in Beijing

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology ◽

10.3843/susdev.15.4:9 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 345-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Feng Liu ◽

Yongguan Zhu ◽

Ying Zhao

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Vehicle Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Surface Ozone ◽

Motor Vehicle Emissions

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Quantifying Air Pollutant Variations during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Capital City in Northwest China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12060788 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 788

Author(s):

Rong Feng ◽

Hongmei Xu ◽

Zexuan Wang ◽

Yunxuan Gu ◽

Zhe Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Air Quality ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Vehicle Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Northwest China ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Capital City ◽

Air Pollution Control ◽

Motor Vehicle Emissions

In the context of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), strict lockdown policies were implemented to control nonessential human activities in Xi’an, northwest China, which greatly limited the spread of the pandemic and affected air quality. Compared with pre-lockdown, the air quality index and concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO during the lockdown reduced, but the reductions were not very significant. NO2 levels exhibited the largest decrease (52%) during lockdown, owing to the remarkable decreased motor vehicle emissions. The highest K+ and lowest Ca2+ concentrations in PM2.5 samples could be attributed to the increase in household biomass fuel consumption in suburbs and rural areas around Xi’an and the decrease in human physical activities in Xi’an (e.g., human travel, vehicle emissions, construction activities), respectively, during the lockdown period. Secondary chemical reactions in the atmosphere increased in the lockdown period, as evidenced by the increased O3 level (increased by 160%) and OC/EC ratios in PM2.5 (increased by 26%), compared with pre-lockdown levels. The results, based on a natural experiment in this study, can be used as a reference for studying the formation and source of air pollution in Xi’an and provide evidence for establishing future long-term air pollution control policies.

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