Background:
Chronic inflammation and lack of angiogenesis are the important pathological mechanisms in deep
tissue injury (DTI). Curcumin is a well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. However, curcumin is unstable under acidic and alkaline conditions, and can be rapidly metabolized and excreted in the bile, which shortens its bioactivity and
efficacy.
Objective:
This study aimed to prepare curcumin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CPNPs) and to elucidate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of wound healing in DTI models.
Methods:
CPNPs were evaluated for particle size, biocompatibility, in vitro drug release and their effect on in vivo wound
healing.
Results :
The results of in vivo wound closure analysis revealed that CPNP treatments significantly improved wound contraction rates (p<0.01) at a faster rate than other three treatment groups. H&E staining revealed that CPNP treatments resulted in complete epithelialization and thick granulation tissue formation, whereas control groups resulted in a lack of compact
epithelialization and persistence of inflammatory cells within the wound sites. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed
that treatment with CPNPs suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, and up-regulated TGF-β, VEGF-A and IL-10
mRNA expression. Western blot analysis showed up-regulated protein expression of TGF-β, VEGF-A and phosphorylatedSTAT3.
Conclusion:
Our results showed that CPNPs enhanced wound healing in DTI models, through modulation of the
JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and subsequent upregulation of pro-healing factors.
Species specific differences in the in vitro metabolism of the flame retardant mixture, Firemaster® BZ-54