Reactions of HNO with Heme Proteins: New Routes to HNO−Heme Complexes and Insight into Physiological Effects

SUMMARY Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been known to have dramatic physiological effects on organisms ranging from bacteria to humans, but recently there have a number of suggestions that organisms might have specific sensors for CO. This article reviews the current evidence for a variety of proteins with demonstrated or potential CO-sensing ability. Particular emphasis is placed on the molecular description of CooA, a heme-containing CO sensor from Rhodospirillum rubrum, since its biological role as a CO sensor is clear and we have substantial insight into the basis of its sensing ability.

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Arabidopsis mTERF9 protein promotes chloroplast ribosomal assembly and translation by establishing ribonucleoprotein interactions in vivo

10.1101/2020.06.16.153288 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Louis-Valentin Méteignier ◽

Rabea Ghandour ◽

Aude Zimmerman ◽

Lauriane Kuhn ◽

Jörg Meurer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ribosome Biogenesis ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Ribosomal Assembly ◽

Transcription Termination Factor ◽

Protein Interactome ◽

70S Ribosome ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACTThe mitochondrial transcription termination factor proteins are nuclear-encoded nucleic acid binders defined by degenerate tandem helical-repeats of ~30 amino acids. They are found in metazoans and plants where they localize to mitochondria or chloroplasts. In higher plants, the mTERF family comprises ~30 members and several of these have been linked to plant development and response to abiotic stress. However, knowledge of the molecular basis underlying these physiological effects is scarce. We show that the Arabidopsis mTERF9 protein promotes the accumulation of the 16S and 23S rRNAs in chloroplasts, and interacts predominantly with the 16S rRNA in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, mTERF9 is found in large complexes containing ribosomes and polysomes in chloroplasts. The comprehensive analysis of mTERF9 in vivo protein interactome identified many subunits of the 70S ribosome whose assembly is compromised in the null mterf9 mutant, putative ribosome biogenesis factors and CPN60 chaperonins. Protein interaction assays in yeast revealed that mTERF9 directly interact with these proteins. Our data demonstrate that mTERF9 integrates protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions to promote chloroplast ribosomal assembly and translation. Besides extending our knowledge of mTERF functional repertoire in plants, these findings provide an important insight into the chloroplast ribosome biogenesis.

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Physiological Effects of Fluometuron on Some Unicellular Algae

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500047184 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 296-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

H. C. Sikka ◽

David Pramer

Keyword(s):

Algal Growth ◽

Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Photosynthetic Oxygen Evolution ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Unicellular Algae ◽

Test Organisms ◽

Photosynthetic Oxygen ◽

And Function ◽

Insight Into

Unicellular green algae were used as test organisms in experiments designed to provide an insight into the mode of action of 3-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (fluometuron). Fluometuron suppressed the autotrophic growth of Chorella pyrenoidosa Chick (hereafter referred to as C. pyrenoidosa) and Euglena gracilis Klebs-strain ‘Z’ (hereafter referred to as Euglena) and the extent of inhibition was a function of herbicidal concentration. Euglena was less sensitive than C. pyrenoidosa. Treated cells contained less protein and chlorophyll than untreated cells, but the inhibitory effect of the herbicide on the algal growth was overcome when the organisms were grown heterotrophically. Fluometuron did not adversely influence respiration or the light-independent reactions that lead to the formation of chlorophyll or chloroplast precursors. It did interfere with the light-dependent or the greening process of chlorophyll synthesis and with photosynthetic oxygen evolution. Fluometuron appears to be selectively toxic to one or more light-mediated biochemical reactions required for the formation and function of photosynthetic pigments and organelles.

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Reactive Oxygen Species in the Tumor Microenvironment: An Overview

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11081191 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1191 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Frank Weinberg ◽

Nithya Ramnath ◽

Deepak Nagrath

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Proliferative Effect ◽

Low Levels ◽

Cellular Components ◽

Anti Tumor Activity ◽

Insight Into

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules in cancer. The level of ROS will determine physiological effects. While high levels of ROS can cause damage to tissues and cell death, low levels of ROS can have a proliferative effect. ROS are produced by tumor cells but also cellular components that make up the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which ROS can affect the TME with particular emphasis on tumor-infiltrating leukocytes. Greater insight into ROS biology in this setting may allow for therapeutic manipulation of ROS levels in order to remodel the tumor microenvironment and increase anti-tumor activity.

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Adiponectin Synthesis, Secretion and Extravasation from Circulation to Interstitial Space

Physiology ◽

10.1152/physiol.00031.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 134-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simone C. da Silva Rosa ◽

Meilian Liu ◽

Gary Sweeney

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Interstitial Space ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Adiponectin Gene ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Cellular Models ◽

Regulatory Aspects ◽

Critical Insight ◽

Insight Into

Adiponectin, an adipokine that circulates as multiple multimeric complexes at high levels in serum, has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and cardioprotective properties. Understanding the mechanisms regulating adiponectin’s physiological effects is likely to provide critical insight into the development of adiponectin-based therapeutics to treat various metabolic-related diseases. In this review, we summarize our current understanding on adiponectin action in its various target tissues and in cellular models. We also focus on recent advances in two particular regulatory aspects; namely, the regulation of adiponectin gene expression, multimerization, and secretion, as well as extravasation of circulating adiponectin to the interstitial space and its degradation. Finally, we discuss some potential therapeutic approaches using adiponectin as a target and the current challenges facing adiponectin-based therapeutic interventions.

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Arabidopsis mTERF9 protein promotes chloroplast ribosomal assembly and translation by establishing ribonucleoprotein interactions in vivo

Nucleic Acids Research ◽

10.1093/nar/gkaa1244 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Louis-Valentin Méteignier ◽

Rabea Ghandour ◽

Aude Zimmerman ◽

Lauriane Kuhn ◽

Jörg Meurer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ribosome Biogenesis ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Ribosomal Assembly ◽

Transcription Termination Factor ◽

Protein Interactome ◽

70S Ribosome ◽

Insight Into

Abstract The mitochondrial transcription termination factor proteins are nuclear-encoded nucleic acid binders defined by degenerate tandem helical-repeats of ∼30 amino acids. They are found in metazoans and plants where they localize in organelles. In higher plants, the mTERF family comprises ∼30 members and several of these have been linked to plant development and response to abiotic stress. However, knowledge of the molecular basis underlying these physiological effects is scarce. We show that the Arabidopsis mTERF9 protein promotes the accumulation of the 16S and 23S rRNAs in chloroplasts, and interacts predominantly with the 16S rRNA in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, mTERF9 is found in large complexes containing ribosomes and polysomes in chloroplasts. The comprehensive analysis of mTERF9 in vivo protein interactome identified many subunits of the 70S ribosome whose assembly is compromised in the null mterf9 mutant, putative ribosome biogenesis factors and CPN60 chaperonins. Protein interaction assays in yeast revealed that mTERF9 directly interact with these proteins. Our data demonstrate that mTERF9 integrates protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions to promote chloroplast ribosomal assembly and translation. Besides extending our knowledge of mTERF functional repertoire in plants, these findings provide an important insight into the chloroplast ribosome biogenesis.

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Insight into Heme Protein Redox Potential Control and Functional Aspects of Six-Coordinate Ligand-Sensing Heme Proteins from Studies of Synthetic Heme Peptides

Inorganic Chemistry ◽

10.1021/ic052205k ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 45 (25) ◽

pp. 9985-10001 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Aaron B. Cowley ◽

Michelle L. Kennedy ◽

Svetlana Silchenko ◽

Gudrun S. Lukat-Rodgers ◽

Kenton R. Rodgers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Redox Potential ◽

Heme Proteins ◽

Heme Protein ◽

Potential Control ◽

Functional Aspects ◽

Heme Peptides ◽

Insight Into

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Pectin: New Science and Forthcoming Applications of the Most Valued Hydrocolloid

10.20944/preprints202111.0486.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rosaria Ciriminna ◽

Alexandra Fidalgo ◽

Antonino Scurria ◽

Laura Ilharco ◽

Mario Pagliaro

Keyword(s):

Perspective Taking ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

New Production ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Production Methods ◽

New Science ◽

New Knowledge ◽

New Applications ◽

Insight Into

From new understanding of pectin molecular structure and physiological effects on man up to new production methods and new applications, significant new knowledge of pectin has emerged in the last two decades (2010-2020). These developments open the route to new and unexpected applications of this uniquely complex heteropolysaccharide ubiquitous in plants and fruits well beyond its traditional use as food hydrocolloid. This study provides a unified perspective on the new science and technology of pectin. Furthermore, we offer an insight into forthcoming pectin uses from an expanded perspective taking into account selected technology and economic factors that, we argue in this study, will shortly impact the pectin production and uptake in many countries.

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Calibration problems in hydrogen luminosities

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900053626 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 322-330

Author(s):

A. Beer

Keyword(s):

Galactic Structure ◽

B Stars ◽

Insight Into

The investigations which I should like to summarize in this paper concern recent photo-electric luminosity determinations of O and B stars. Their final aim has been the derivation of new stellar distances, and some insight into certain patterns of galactic structure.

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