Insecticide Residues in Milk, Effects of Feeding Low Levels of Heptachlor Epoxide to Dairy Cows on Residues and Off-Flavors in Milk

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bache ◽  
G. G. Gyrisco ◽  
S. N. Fertig ◽  
E. W. Huddleston ◽  
D. J. Lisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Off Flavors ◽  
Low Levels

Insecticide Residues in Milk, DDT Residues in Milk from Dairy Cows Fed Low Levels of DDT in Their Daily Rations

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunter Zwieg ◽  
L. M. Smith ◽  
S. A. Peoples ◽  
R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Low Levels

Insecticide Residues in Butterfat, Residues of Heptachlor Epoxide in Butterfat of Dairy Cows Grazing Pastures Treated with Granular Heptachlor

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Rusoff ◽  
W. H. Waters ◽  
J. H. Gholson ◽  
J. B. Frye ◽  
L. D. Newsom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Insecticide Residues

Insecticide Residues in Milk, Residues in Milk from Dairy Cows Fed Low Levels of Toxaphene in Their Daily Ration

1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunter Zweig ◽  
Earl Pye ◽  
Ranjit Sitlani ◽  
S Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Low Levels

Insecticide Residues in Milk, Effects of Feeding Low Levels of Insecticide Residues on Hay to Dairy Cattle on Flavor and Residues in Milk

1959 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Gyrisco ◽  
L. B. Norton ◽  
G. W. Trimberger ◽  
R. F. Holland ◽  
P. J. McEnerney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Low Levels

One-step Cleanup of Chlorinated Insecticide Residues by Chromatography on Carbon-Celite Mixtures

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-591
Author(s):  
William A Moats
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
One Step

Abstract one-step chromatographic cleanup technique for chlorinated insecticides has been developed in which carbon (Nuchar)-Celite mixtures are used. Insecticides are selectively eluted from the adsorbent with 20% (v/v) acetone in ethyl ether. Procedures are described for cleanup of residues in fat up to 0.8 g of fat and for cleanup of extracts of green leafy plant materials. Cleanup is satisfactory for paper chromatography. Aldrin, chlordane, DDD, DDE, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, Kelthane, lindane, Thiodan, and thiodandiol were recovered quantitatively or nearly so. Methoxychlor and toxaphene were partially recovered.

Organochlorine and Organophosphorus Insecticides and Industrial Pollutants in the Milk Supplies of Ontario – 1983

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. FRANK ◽  
H. E. BRAUN ◽  
G. H. SIRONS ◽  
J. RASPER ◽  
G. G. WARD
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Case History ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticides ◽  
Industrial Pollutants ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Low Levels

During the spring of 1983, fluid milk samples were collected from 359 bulk transporters representing 16 counties, municipalities and districts of Ontario, and were analyzed for organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticides plus selected halogenated industrial pollutants. Dieldrin, p,p′-DDE, heptachlor epoxide, and α-BHC were found in over 90% of samples, but none exceeded the accepted maximum residue limits. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), lindane and pentachlorophenol (PCP) were found in 83, 68 and 57% of samples, respectively, with four samples exceeding the permissable PCB limit and one sample exceeding the permissable PCP limit. Residues of chlordane, endosulfan, p,p′-TDE, and p,p′-DDT were identified in only 1.9 to 4.7% of samples, and were present at levels only slightly above the detection limits. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was found at low levels in 40% of samples. Mean residues of organochlorines found were as follows (μg/kg butterfat): ∑DDT - 12; α-BHC - 5.3; lindane - 4.0; heptachlor epoxide - 3.9; dieldrin - 6.2; HCB - 0.67; PCB - 24; and PCP - 29. No residues of six organophosphorus insecticides, endrin, methoxychlor or mirex were detected in any samples. This survey was the sixth in a series beginning in 1967. Half-residue disappearance rates were calculated at 3.5, 5.4, 5.6 and 3.0 years for ∑DDT, dieldrin, PCB and HCB, respectively. A case history is included involving the misapplication of fenthion to a dairy herd which revealed a half-residue elimination from milk in approximately 3 d.

scholarly journals Insecticide Residues in the Milk of Dairy Cows Treated for Control of Ectoparasites

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1023-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasri S. Kawar ◽  
Noubar J. Bostanian ◽  
Samir M. Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Insecticide Residues

scholarly journals A Study of Feeding Low Levels of Thyroprotein to Dairy Cows for a Period of Fifty-Two Weeks

1949 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Swanson ◽  
C.B. Knodt
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Low Levels

HEPTACHLOR, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, AND GAMMA-CHLORDANE RESIDUES IN SOIL AND RUTABAGA AFTER SOIL AND SURFACE TREATMENTS WITH HEPTACHLOR

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Saha ◽  
W. W. A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lateral Movement ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Vertical Zone

The distribution of insecticide residues in soil and rutabagas, after soil and surface treatments with heptachlor, was studied by gas-liquid chromatography. Granular heptachlor at 6.6 kg/ha was incorporated into the top 1.27 to 1.90 cm of soil and heptachlor emulsion was applied three times at 4.48 kg/ha on the soil surface. Only about 3% of the applied insecticide was recovered from surface-treated soil three to four months after application, whereas 15% of the insecticide incorporated into the soil was recovered after five months. Rutabagas grown in surface-treated soil had 0.042 p.p.m. of total residues, whereas those from insecticide-incorporated soil had 0.060 p.p.m.Maximum concentration of residue in peel was in the vertical zone where the insecticide had been applied. Lateral movement of pesticides into rutabaga tissues was limited to about 0.5 cm from the periphery. The waxy layer of the rutabaga, representing 2.7% of the whole rutabaga, contained 70% of the residue. The peel contained about 98% of the residue half of which was removed by boiling in water. Boiled pulp was pesticide free.

Organochlorine Insecticides and Industrial Pollutants in the Milk Supply of the Southern Region of Ontario, Canada

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. FRANK ◽  
E. H. SMITH ◽  
H. E. BRAUN ◽  
M. HOLDRINET ◽  
J. W. McWADE
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Milk Supply ◽  
Industrial Pollutants ◽  
Organochlorine Insecticides ◽  
Cyclodiene Insecticides ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels

A province-wide survey conducted between 1967 and 1969 revealed that milk produced in the Southern region had the highest residues of organochlorine insecticides in Ontario. It was in this region where 90% of the organochlorine insecticides purchased in the province were applied. In 1969–70 restrictions were placed on DDT and the cyclodiene insecticides. Disappearance of these organochlorine insecticides from milk were studied in surveys conducted in 1970–71 and 1973. The mean ∑DDT levels declined from 0.20 ppm in 1967 to 0.05 ppm in 1973, whereas the mean dieldrin residues declined from 0.044 ppm to 0.015 ppm in the same period. These data include counties where there had been only small reductions in the use of DDT and where milk residues remained unchanged until further restrictions were effected in 1971. Residues of lindane and heptachlor epoxide were virtually absent from milk fat. Chlordane, endosulfan, methoxychlor and endrin were absent from all samples in spite of increasing quantities being used of the first two insecticides. Residues of polychlorinated biphenyls appeared slightly higher in the 1973 survey than in the 1970–71 survey. Hexachlorobenzene was present at very low levels in the 1973 survey.

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