Tetrahaloindate(III)-Based Ionic Liquids in the Coupling Reaction of Carbon Dioxide and Epoxides To Generate Cyclic Carbonates:  H-Bonding and Mechanistic Studies

Three new protic pyrazolium ILs, HTMPzBr, HMM3PzBr, and HMM5PzBr, have been synthesized to explore their catalytic activity for the coupling reaction of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide.

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Efficient catalytic synthesis of optically active cyclic carbonates via coupling reaction of epoxides and carbon dioxide

Tetrahedron Letters ◽

10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.11.014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 297-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Shu-Wei Chen ◽

Rahul B. Kawthekar ◽

Geon-Joong Kim

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Coupling Reaction ◽

Catalytic Synthesis ◽

Optically Active ◽

Cyclic Carbonates

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Organocatalyzed coupling of carbon dioxide with epoxides for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates: catalyst design and mechanistic studies

Catalysis Science & Technology ◽

10.1039/c7cy00438a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (13) ◽

pp. 2651-2684 ◽

Cited By ~ 198

Author(s):

M. Alves ◽

B. Grignard ◽

R. Mereau ◽

C. Jerome ◽

T. Tassaing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Catalyst Design ◽

Cyclic Carbonates ◽

Mechanistic Studies

The coupling of carbon dioxide (CO2) with epoxides with the formation of cyclic carbonates is a highly attractive 100% atom economic reaction. It represents a greener and safer alternative to the conventional synthesis of cyclic carbonates from diols and toxic phosgene.

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Cycloaddition Reaction of Carbon Dioxide to Epoxides Catalyzed by Polymer-Supported Quaternary Phosphonium Salts

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/261378 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yubing Xiong ◽

Feng Bai ◽

Zipeng Cui ◽

Na Guo ◽

Rongmin Wang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cycloaddition Reaction ◽

Coupling Reaction ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Cyclic Carbonate ◽

Cyclic Carbonates ◽

Phosphonium Salts ◽

Polymer Supported ◽

High Yields

Polymer-supported quaternary phosphonium salt (PS-QPS) was explored as effective catalyst for the coupling reaction of carbon dioxide with epoxides. The results indicated that cyclic carbonates with high yields (98.6%) and excellent selectivity (100%) could be prepared at the conditions of 5 MPa CO2, 150°C, and 6 h without the addition of organic solvents or cocatalysts. The effects of various reaction conditions on the catalytic performance were investigated in detail. The catalyst is applicable to a variety of epoxides, producing the corresponding cyclic carbonates in good yields. Furthermore, the catalyst could be recovered easily and reused for five times without loss of catalytic activity obviously. A proposed mechanism for synthesis of cyclic carbonate in the presence of PS-QPS was discussed. The catalyst was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum. It is believed that PS-QPS is of great potential for CO2fixation applications due to its unusual advantages, such as easy preparation, high activity and selectivity, stability, low cost, and reusability.

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