Remote global-scale observations of intense low-altitude ENA emissions during the Halloween geomagnetic storm of 2003

Abstract. The arrival of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) triggered a sudden storm commencement (SSC) at ~09:22 UT on the 7 January 2005. The ICME followed a quiet period in the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). We present global scale observations of energetic electron precipitation during the moderate geomagnetic storm driven by the ICME. Energetic electron precipitation is inferred from increases in cosmic noise absorption (CNA) recorded by stations in the Global Riometer Array (GLORIA). No evidence of CNA was observed during the first four hours of passage of the ICME or following the sudden commencement (SC) of the storm. This is consistent with the findings of Osepian and Kirkwood (2004) that SCs will only trigger precipitation during periods of geomagnetic activity or when the magnetic perturbation in the magnetosphere is substantial. CNA was only observed following enhanced coupling between the IMF and the magnetosphere, resulting from southward oriented IMF. Precipitation was observed due to substorm activity, as a result of the initial injection and particles drifting from the injection region. During the recovery phase of the storm, when substorm activity diminished, precipitation due to density driven increases in the solar wind dynamic pressure (Pdyn) were identified. A number of increases in Pdyn were shown to drive sudden impulses (SIs) in the geomagnetic field. While many of these SIs appear coincident with CNA, SIs without CNA were also observed. During this period, the threshold of geomagnetic activity required for SC driven precipitation was exceeded. This implies that solar wind density driven SIs occurring during storm recovery can drive a different response in particle precipitation to typical SCs.

Download Full-text

Evaluating the hydrological, geothermal and anthropic factors in the Baños tarn (Spanish Pyrenees)

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf15169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (11) ◽

pp. 1709 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Z. Santolaria ◽

T. Arruebo ◽

A. Pardo ◽

C. Rodriguez-Casals ◽

F. J. Lanaja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Mass ◽

Ionic Composition ◽

High Water ◽

Global Scale ◽

Glacial Lake ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Spanish Pyrenees ◽

History Of ◽

Low Altitude

Baños tarn is a low-altitude Pyrenean glacial lake with both geothermal and surface influxes and significant local anthropic stressors. Its water was seasonally sampled from 2010 to 2013 to study its dynamics and evaluate the main factors affecting its hydrochemical trends. Main surface and thermal streams draining into the water mass were also assessed and a detailed characterisation of the study site was made. The large catchment area of the Baños tarn implies a huge water input, a short water retention time and a high water mass mixing that reduces the natural stratification of the lake. The hydrochemical features of the Baños tarn are primarily determined by a slightly alkaline pH and fluctuating medium–high ionic and nutrient contents. Hydrological changes affecting lake tributaries are the foremost factors driving seasonal changes in the ionic composition of the lake. Resuspension of organic matter and nutrients trapped in floor sediments by a century-long history of untreated waste water inputs is supposed to be the main nutrient source to the Baños water mass. Other anthropic activities, such as tourism, dam and withdrawal pipe management, as well as shoreline reforestation, also affect the trophic dynamics of the Baños tarn. These results present herein are scientifically novel because of the uncommon features of the Baños tarn and may broaden our understanding of factors affecting glacial lake dynamics on a global scale.

Download Full-text

Low-altitude measurements of precipitating protons, alpha particles, and heavy ions during the geomagnetic storm on March 26-27, 1976

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/ja084ia01p00079 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 84 (A1) ◽

pp. 79-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Scholer ◽

D. Hovestadt ◽

G. Hartmann ◽

J. B. Blake ◽

J. F. Fennell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geomagnetic Storm ◽

Heavy Ions ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Low Altitude

Download Full-text

First Synoptic Observations of Geomagnetic Storm Effects on the Global‐Scale OI 135.6‐nm Dayglow in the Thermosphere by the GOLD Mission

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2019gl085400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Quan Gan ◽

Richard W. Eastes ◽

Alan G. Burns ◽

Wenbin Wang ◽

Liying Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geomagnetic Storm ◽

Global Scale ◽

Storm Effects ◽

Synoptic Observations

Download Full-text

The NUADU experiment on TC-2 and the first Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) images recorded by this instrument

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-23-2825-2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 2825-2849 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. McKenna-Lawlor ◽

L. Li ◽

S. Barabash ◽

K. Kudela ◽

J. Balaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutral Atom ◽

Ring Current ◽

Global Scale ◽

Measurement Range ◽

Spatial Evolution ◽

Energetic Neutral Atom ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Low Altitude ◽

Northern And Southern Hemispheres ◽

South Polar

Abstract. The Earth’s ring current and how it responds to varying interplanetary conditions is described and an account provided of the production of Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) in the geo-corona. Also, the potential to remotely monitor, on a global scale, the temporal and spatial evolution of magnetospheric plasma populations through analysing ENA images recorded during magnetic storms/substorms is indicated. A technical account of the Energetic NeUtral Atom Detector Unit NUADU aboard China’s TC-2 mission (measurement range 45–>158 keV) follows, together with an account of the scientific objectives of NUADU, both in stand-alone mode and in the context of multi-point imaging. Low altitude ENA emissions recorded by NUADU during south polar passages of TC-2 at the time of a moderate magnetic storm in September 2004, as well as bright ring current emissions recorded in November 2004 during a major geomagnetic storm, are presented and discussed in the context of various, accompanying, terrestrial disturbances. Also, ENA observations of the November 2004 ring current imaged simultaneously by TC-2/NUADU and by IMAGE/ HENA (viewing, respectively, from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres), are compared.

Download Full-text

Radial distribution of the inner magnetosphere plasma pressure using low-altitude satellite data during geomagnetic storm: The March 1–8, 1982 event

Advances in Space Research ◽

10.1016/j.asr.2007.06.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 41 (10) ◽

pp. 1658-1665 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. Stepanova ◽

E.E. Antonova ◽

J.M. Bosqued

Keyword(s):

Geomagnetic Storm ◽

Radial Distribution ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Plasma Pressure ◽

Inner Magnetosphere ◽

Low Altitude ◽

Magnetosphere Plasma

Download Full-text

Solar Flare Energetic Neutral Emission Measurements in the Project Coronas-I

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100026208 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 635-639

Author(s):

J. Baláž ◽

A. V. Dmitriev ◽

M. A. Kovalevskaya ◽

K. Kudela ◽

S. N. Kuznetsov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Flare ◽

Energy Range ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Pulse Shape ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽

Shape Discrimination ◽

Solar Neutron ◽

Low Altitude

AbstractThe experiment SONG (SOlar Neutron and Gamma rays) for the low altitude satellite CORONAS-I is described. The instrument is capable to provide gamma-ray line and continuum detection in the energy range 0.1 – 100 MeV as well as detection of neutrons with energies above 30 MeV. As a by-product, the electrons in the range 11 – 108 MeV will be measured too. The pulse shape discrimination technique (PSD) is used.

Download Full-text