scholarly journals Comment on ‘Geos 3 wave height measurements: An assessment during high sea state conditions in the North Atlantic’ by C. L. Parsons

1979 ◽  
Vol 84 (B8) ◽  
pp. 4027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. McClain ◽  
Davidson T. Chen ◽  
Donald L. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea State ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Variability of the Winter Wind Waves and Swell in the North Atlantic and North Pacific as Revealed by the Voluntary Observing Ship Data

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 5667-5685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey K. Gulev ◽  
Vika Grigorieva
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Significant Wave Height ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Wind Sea

Abstract This paper analyses secular changes and interannual variability in the wind wave, swell, and significant wave height (SWH) characteristics over the North Atlantic and North Pacific on the basis of wind wave climatology derived from the visual wave observations of voluntary observing ship (VOS) officers. These data are available from the International Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) collection of surface meteorological observations for 1958–2002, but require much more complicated preprocessing than standard meteorological variables such as sea level pressure, temperature, and wind. Visual VOS data allow for separate analysis of changes in wind sea and swell, as well as in significant wave height, which has been derived from wind sea and swell estimates. In both North Atlantic and North Pacific midlatitudes winter significant wave height shows a secular increase from 10 to 40 cm decade−1 during the last 45 yr. However, in the North Atlantic the patterns of trend changes for wind sea and swell are quite different from each other, showing opposite signs of changes in the northeast Atlantic. Trend patterns of wind sea, swell, and SWH in the North Pacific are more consistent with each other. Qualitatively the same conclusions hold for the analysis of interannual variability whose leading modes demonstrate noticeable differences for wind sea and swell. Statistical analysis shows that variability in wind sea is closely associated with the local wind speed, while swell changes can be driven by the variations in the cyclone counts, implying the importance of forcing frequency for the resulting changes in significant wave height. This mechanism of differences in variability patterns of wind sea and swell is likely more realistic than the northeastward propagation of swells from the regions from which the wind sea signal originates.

scholarly journals Modeled and satellite-derived extreme wave height statistics in the North Atlantic Ocean reaching 20 m

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Waseda ◽  
Kaushik Sasmal ◽  
Tsubasa Kodaira ◽  
Yuki Kita ◽  
Rei Miratsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Sea State Decadal Variability in the North Atlantic: A Review

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Antoine Hochet ◽  
Guillaume Dodet ◽  
Fabrice Ardhuin ◽  
Mark Hemer ◽  
Ian Young
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Ship Routing ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Long-term changes of wind-generated ocean waves have important consequences for marine engineering, coastal management, ship routing, and marine spatial planning. It is well-known that the multi-annual variability of wave parameters in the North Atlantic is tightly linked to natural fluctuations of the atmospheric circulation, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation. However, anthropogenic climate change is also expected to influence sea states over the long-term through the modification of atmospheric and ocean circulation and melting of sea ice. Due to the relatively short duration of historical sea state observations and the significant multi-decadal variability in the sea state signal, disentangling the anthropogenic signal from the natural variability is a challenging task. In this article, the literature on inter-annual to multi-decadal variability of sea states in the North Atlantic is reviewed using data from both observations and model reanalysis.

scholarly journals Vince – a case study

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
A. Carvalho ◽  
I. Soares ◽  
M. Belo Pereira ◽  
M. Vargas ◽  
N. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Sea State ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Surface Observations

Abstract. Vince was an unusual hurricane that developed over the North Atlantic Ocean in an unexpected area, on October 2005. In this work, the authors analyze its background and genesis over the ocean, making use of satellite imagery and numerical models. The impacts on sea state are investigated both numerically and observationally. Landfall over the Iberian Peninsula is monitored with surface observations and a radar system at Algarve (Portugal).

scholarly journals Decadal variability of extreme wave height representing storm severity in the northeast Atlantic and North Sea since the foundation of the Royal Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 472 (2193) ◽  
pp. 20160376 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Santo ◽  
P. H. Taylor ◽  
R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Long-term estimation of extreme wave height remains a key challenge because of the short duration of available wave data, and also because of the possible impact of climate variability on ocean waves. Here, we analyse storm-based statistics to obtain estimates of extreme wave height at locations in the northeast Atlantic and North Sea using the NORA10 wave hindcast (1958–2011), and use a 5 year sliding window to examine temporal variability. The decadal variability is correlated to the North Atlantic oscillation and other atmospheric modes, using a six-term predictor model incorporating the climate indices and their Hilbert transforms. This allows reconstruction of the historic extreme climate back to 1661, using a combination of known and proxy climate indices. Significant decadal variability primarily driven by the North Atlantic oscillation is observed, and this should be considered for the long-term survivability of offshore structures and marine renewable energy devices. The analysis on wave climate reconstruction reveals that the variation of the mean, 99th percentile and extreme wave climates over decadal time scales for locations close to the dominant storm tracks in the open North Atlantic are comparable, whereas the wave climates for the rest of the locations including the North Sea are rather different.

scholarly journals Comparison of Wind Speed and Wave Height Trends from Twentieth-Century Models and Satellite Altimeters

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Meucci ◽  
Ian R. Young ◽  
Ole Johan Aarnes ◽  
Øyvind Breivik
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Spatial Trend ◽  
The North ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Pacific

AbstractThe trends in marine 10-m wind speed U10 and significant wave height Hs found in two century-long reanalyses are compared against a model-only integration. Reanalyses show spurious trends due to the assimilation of an increasing number of observations over time. The comparisons between model and reanalyses show that the areas where the discrepancies in U10 and Hs trends are greatest are also the areas where there is a marked increase in assimilated observations. Large differences in the yearly averages call into question the quality of the observations assimilated by the reanalyses, resulting in unreliable U10 and Hs trends before the 1950s. Four main regions of the world’s oceans are identified where the trends between model and reanalyses deviate strongly. These are the North Atlantic, the North Pacific, the Tasman Sea, and the western South Atlantic. The trends at +24-h lead time are markedly weaker and less correlated with the observation count. A 1985–2010 comparison with an extensive dataset of calibrated satellite altimeters shows contrasting results in Hs trends but similar U10 spatial trend distributions, with general agreement between model, reanalyses, and satellite altimeters on a broad increase in wind speed over the Southern Hemisphere.

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