Seed dormancy in Avena fatua : Interacting effects of nitrate, water and seed coat injury

1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Mclntyre ◽  
A. J. Cessna ◽  
A. I. Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Avena Fatua

Effects of immersing dry seeds in alkaline solutions on seed dormancy and water uptake in wild oat (Avena fatua)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Q. Hou ◽  
G. M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Breaking Dormancy

Effects of immersing dry seeds in KOH and NaOH solutions on seed dormancy and water uptake were studied in three dormant lines of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). KOH was more effective than NaOH in breaking dormancy. Maximum dormancy-breaking effect of 5.3 N KOH could be achieved with a 10- or 15-min treatment. Increase in treatment time did not necessarily increase germination; rather, it caused damage to the seeds. For 10-min treatment, 5.3 and 7.6 N KOH solutions were more effective than 3 and 9.8 N. Genetic lines responded differently to the KOH treatment. Initial rate and amount of water uptake by KOH-treated seed were significantly higher than by the untreated. It is believed that breaking dormancy by the alkaline treatment is related to removing the barrier to water uptake formed by the seed coat. Key words: Alkalis, Avena fatua, dormancy, seed coat, seedling growth

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 10. On the inheritance of germination behaviour

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (15) ◽  
pp. 1663-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jana ◽  
S. N. Acharya ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Pure Lines

Breeding experiments were performed with pure lines of Avena fatua differing characteristically in duration of primary seed dormancy. The results indicate that the parental lines differ for at least three genes controlling rate of afterripening. It is evident that at least two of these genes influence the rate of afterripening at different periods after seed maturation.

scholarly journals Physical seed dormancy in Abrus precatorious (Ratti): a scientific validation of indigenous technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajender Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Moisture Storage ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Scientific Validation

Abstract Seeds of Abrus precatorius L. (Fabaceae) were used as weight measure by Indigenous people. Where, the seeds were referred as Ratti; a traditional Indian unit of mass measurement. Seed weight fluctuates depending upon age, moisture, storage-period/conditions. Therefore, use of seeds as a weighing unit become dubious and need to be validated. For this purpose, seeds of A. precatorious were subjected to different moisture conditions and periodically monitored. Surprisingly, there was no change in seed weight was observed, indicating the impermeability of seed coat. The later was confirmed by scarification of seed coat which resulted in 53% increase in seed weight against 0% in control. Further, presence of a potent toxin (abrin) in the seed coat protects it from pests and microbes, and contributes to the maintenance of impermeability for longer period of time. The data validates the use of A. precatorious seeds as a weighing unit (ratti) by the indigenous people and discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Pretreatments and Seed Coat on Dormancy and Germination of Seeds of Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Stephen I. Mensah ◽  
Chimezie Ekeke
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia

<p class="1Body">The seed dormancy of <em>Senna obtusifolia</em> was investigated through various methods, namely pretreatments in concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% potassium nitrate (KNO<sub>3</sub>), 99% ethanol, 99% methanol, and in hydrogen perioxide; examination of the seed coverings; and the determination of water uptake by the seeds in order to ascertain the most effective technique for breaking dormancy and also determine the dormancy type. The results showed that sulfuric acid treatment recorded the highest germination (100%); followed by 2% hydrogen peroxide treatment (24%) in 15minutes immersion. The methanol and ethanol pretreatments gave 18.33% and 16.5% germinations respectively. Pretreatment in 2% potassium nitrate gave the lowest germination (8.50%), while the intact seeds of <em>S. obtusifiolia</em> (control) gave 0% germination. The anatomy of the seed coat indicated the presence of hard, thickened and specialized cells of cuticle, macrosclereids, osteoscereids, and disintegrated parenchyma layers. The water uptake of intact seeds was low (13.5%) after 24 hr imbibitions. These findings revealed that the seed coat acts as barrier to germination by preventing water absorption, possibly gaseous diffusion in and out of the seed and conferring mechanical resistance to the protrusion of embryo. Pretreatments, such as immersion in H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 </sub>will soften the seed coat and permit germination. Seed dormancy in <em>S. obtusifolia </em>can be considered of physical nature and classified as physical dormancy. The results obtained in this study may serve as useful information in the production and improvement of <em>S. obtusifolia </em>seedlings, as knowledge on seed dormancy and germination is a critical factor and requirements to the understanding of the propagation of this plant either in situ or ex-situ, in view of the economic potentials/attributes of this species.</p>

Growth Regulators and Prickly Sida Seed Dormancy

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Newton ◽  
G.H. Egley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Exogenous Growth ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida

Dormant (fresh) and nondormant (afterripened) prickly sida (Sida spinosaL.) seeds were extracted and bioassayed for both inhibitory and promotory growth regulators. Both dormant and nondormant prickly sida seeds contained water-soluble inhibitors, but these inhibitor levels in nondormant seeds did not change after 8 hr of incubation. A basic inhibitor was present in dormant seeds, but not in nondormant seeds. Exogenous growth regulators stimulated germination of dormant seeds only when a portion of the seed coat was removed. Promoter levels in nonincubated, dormant and nondormant seeds were similar, but there were increases in promoter levels in nondormant seeds after 8 hr of incubation. However, it was not determined whether the promoter increases were a cause or a result of germination.

scholarly journals Overcoming seed dormancy and rooting in air-layering polyembryonic seedlings of sapucaia (Lecythis pisonis Cambess.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 816-821
Author(s):  
Caroline Palacio de Araujo ◽  
Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre ◽  
Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa ◽  
Edilson Romais Schmildt ◽  
José Carlos Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Adjacent Region ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Lateral Region ◽  
Design Environments ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Edible Seeds

Lecythis pisonis produces edible seeds rich in nutritional and functional elements such as selenium and are a great alternative to Brazilian nuts. The seeds have low germination, which may be related to physical dormancy imposed by tegument, meaning that polyembryonic seedlings can be a strategy to increase final stand. The objective of this work was to study methods to overcome seed dormancy and auxin induction in polyembryonic seedlings of pisonis. The experiment to break dormancy consisted of seven treatments: T1: intact seeds; T2: seeds scarified on hilum’s opposite side; T3: seeds scarified hilum’s adjacent region; T4: seeds scarified in lateral region; T5: seeds scarified in both opposite and adjacent region to the hilum; T6: T2 + immersion in water at 40 °C/20 minutes; T7: T2 + immersion in water at 60 °C/5 minutes. The experiment to induce rooting was arranged in a 2 x 6 factorial randomized complete block design (environments: A. greenhouse and B. greenhouse covered with black polyolefin (80% shading) x concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA): 0; 1000; 2000; 3000; 4000 and 5000 mg L-1), with four replicates of eight polyembryonic seedlings. Seed coat scarification in hilum’s adjacent (T3) and lateral regions (T4) was the most efficient methods for breaking physical dormancy. IBA at 5000 mg L-1 promoted the greatest rhizogenesis of L. pisonis layers.

A genetic model and molecular markers for wild oat (Avena fatua L.) seed dormancy

1999 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Fennimore ◽  
W. E. Nyquist ◽  
G. E. Shaner ◽  
R. W. Doerge ◽  
M. E. Foley
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat

Genetic adaptation for seed dormancy in Avena fatua

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Naylor ◽  
S. Jana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Genetic Adaptation ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Wild Oats

Genetic variability affecting duration of primary dormancy is demonstrated in natural populations of wild oats. Marked differences were found among local populations in germination behavior. The evidence suggests that these differences result in part from genetic adaptation to agronomic practices.

A study of the relationship between seed dormancy and pentose phosphate pathway activity in Avena fatua

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Fuerst ◽  
M. K. Upadhyaya ◽  
G. M. Simpson ◽  
J. M. Naylor ◽  
S. W. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Pentose Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Gibberellin Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Activity

The hypothesis that loss of seed dormancy is associated with an increased activity of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) relative to glycolysis and the Krebs cycle was tested. The PPP activity was monitored by measuring the C6/C1 ratio in embryos excised from incubated caryopses of two genetically pure nondormant (ND) lines and in three dormant (D) lines of Avena fatua L., the wild oat. The C6/C1 ratios of all lines were similar at the commencement of incubation. In the two ND lines the ratio increased steadily prior to and during emergence of the radicle. In the three D lines the ratio increased during the first 24 h and then remained almost constant; there was no germination. When gibberellin treatment was used to overcome dormancy in the D lines, the C6/C1 ratio increased during the first 24 h in two of the lines and continued to increase parallel to germination in a manner similar to normal germination in ND lines. In the third D line, despite loss of dormancy from gibberellin treatment, the ratio did not increase after 24 h. Loss of dormancy during dry storage of seeds of a D-type pure line was accompanied by an increase in the C6/C1 ratio, as measured in freshly imbibed seeds. This indicates a decreased activity of the PPP relative to glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. These findings are contrary to Roberts's hypothesis that loss of dormancy in wild oats is associated with a relative decrease in the C6/C1 ratio.

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