Short- and long-term follow-up of clients receiving insight-oriented therapy and behavior therapy.

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl G. Cross ◽  
Peter W. Sheehan ◽  
Janet A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
And Behavior

Long-term effectiveness and safety of antiepileptic drugs in children and adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Roza M. Shaimardanova ◽  
Rimma G. Gamirova
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

AIM: To conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of epilepsy therapy with antiepileptic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of the treatment of 428 patients with epilepsy at the Childrens City Hospital No. 8 in Kazan, receiving antiepileptic drugs. RESULTS: It was found that valproic acid is more effective in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies compared to focal epilepsies (p = 0.0006). Valproate and carbamazepine were the most effective in the treatment of focal epilepsy with short- and long-term follow-up. Valproic acid is more effective than topiramate (p = 0.02), oxcarbazepine (p = 0.003), and levetiracetam (p = 0.003) in the treatment of focal epilepsy in short- and long-term follow-up. Carbamazepine is more effective than topiramate (p = 0.01), oxcarbazepine (p = 0.02), and levetiracetam (p = 0.001) in the treatment of focal epilepsy in long-term follow-up. It was revealed that more often they complained about side effects when using carbamazepine (63.2%). Levetiracetam was found to be better tolerated compared to valproate (p = 0.0006) and carbamazepine (p = 0.0006). Topiramate is better tolerated than carbamazepine (p = 0.02) and valproate (p = 0.03). Oxcarbazepine is better tolerated than carbamazepine in women (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: When choosing an antiepileptic drug, it is necessary to be guided by the principle: first the basic, and then the drugs of the next generations, in the future, rely on information about the tolerability of the drug. It is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antiepileptic drugs with long-term observation, and use the criterion of complete absence of seizures as an indicator of the effectiveness of drugs.

Longitudinal Observations of the Relationship Between Free Erythrocyte Porphyrins and Whole Blood Lead

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
J. Routt Reigart ◽  
Norris H. Whitlock
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
First Contact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Clinical Category

Short- and long-term comparison of the variations with time of whole blood lead and free erythrocyte porphyrins (FEP) suggests that changes in FEP are slow and predictable whereas blood lead changes are quite unpredictable. However, when FEP suggests a different clinical category from blood lead, the blood lead is likely to change in the direction predicted by the FEP. Comparison of FEP to blood lead at first contact in 349 children with mild elevation of blood lead reliably predicted which children would still have elevated blood lead six weeks later and which would fall or be normal. The observation of long-term follow-up in four groups of children with various combinations of FEP and blood lead indicated that the follow-up blood lead could be predicted to change in the direction indicated by the FEP measurement. The implications for screening for lead poisoning are discussed.

Impact of Cerebrovascular Disease on the Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Spagnoli ◽  
Lucia Innocenti ◽  
Lorenzo Bello ◽  
Mauro Pluderi ◽  
Susanna Bacigaluppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract OBJECTIVE: The influence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) on the short- and long-term results of surgery was evaluated in a series of consecutive patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). METHODS: Patients with suspected iNPH admitted to our department between June 1996 and June 2003 were evaluated with four clinical and handicap scales. CVD and risk factors for vascular disease were rated. All patients underwent intracranial pressure monitoring via a spinal catheter. Sixty-six patients received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt with a programmable valve. Prospective assessments were programmed at 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery (short-term follow-up). Long-term follow-up evaluations were arranged in June 2004 with patients and/or relatives and health/home care assistants. RESULTS: At the short-term follow-up examination, a significant clinical improvement was globally present in 89% of the patients (P < 0.05). CVD, such as leucoaraiosis or previous strokes, were present in 71% of the patients. Patients both with and without CVD and/or risk factors for vascular disease presented a significant improvement (P < 0.05) after shunting; 85 and 100% of the patients with and without CVD, respectively. At the long-term follow-up examination (mean, 52 ± 24.8 mo), 24% of the patients were dead and 8% had experienced stroke. Globally, 60% of the patients were still improved (P < 0.05); 52 and 79% of the patients with and without CVD, respectively. CONCLUSION: A high success rate in treatment of iNPH is possible in patients with and without CVD. Despite poorer short- and long-term treatment outcome of iNPH patients with CVD, a long-lasting improvement in their quality of life favors surgery.

Safety Behaviors and Speech Treatment for Adults Who Stutter

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fjola Dogg Helgadottir ◽  
Ross G. Menzies ◽  
Mark Onslow ◽  
Ann Packman ◽  
Sue O'Brian
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Safety Behaviors ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Purpose Those with anxiety use safety behaviors when attempting to prevent negative outcomes. There is evidence that these behaviors contribute to the persistence of anxiety disorders. Safety behaviors have been prominent in the cognitive behavior therapy literature during the last decade, particularly with social phobia management. However, nothing is known of safety behavior use by those who stutter. This is surprising given the high prevalence of social phobia in the stuttering population who seek clinical help. Method Clinical psychologists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) created a list of safety behaviors that might be used by adults during treatment for stuttering. Participants were 160 SLPs who were asked whether they advised adults who stutter to use any of these safety behaviors. Results SLPs commonly recommend safety behaviors during stuttering management. Factor structures were found for the following 5 safety behavior categories: (a) general safety behaviors, (b) practice and rehearsal, (c) general avoidance, (d) choosing safe and easy people, and (e) control-related safety behaviors. Conclusions There is a need to determine the frequency with which adults who receive stuttering treatment follow these clinician recommendations. In addition, there is a need to experimentally determine whether following such recommendations prevents fear extinction at long-term follow-up.

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