Olfactory dysfunction, gambling task performance and intracranial lesions after traumatic brain injury.

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solrun Sigurdardottir ◽  
Tone Jerstad ◽  
Nada Andelic ◽  
Cecilie Roe ◽  
Anne-Kristine Schanke
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Intracranial Lesions

scholarly journals The Bangor Gambling Task: Characterising the Performance of Survivors of Traumatic Brain Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Lynne Ruth Adlam ◽  
Malcolm Adams ◽  
Oliver Turnbull ◽  
Giles Yeates ◽  
Fergus Gracey
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Simple Test ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Impaired Performance

The Bangor Gambling Task (BGT, Bowman & Turnbull, 2004) is a simple test of emotion-based decision making, with contingencies varying across five blocks of 20 trials. This is the first study to characterise BGT performance in survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to healthy controls. The study also aimed to explore sub-groups (cluster analysis), and identify predictors of task performance (multiple regression). Thirty survivors of TBI and thirty-nine controls completed the BGT and measures of processing speed, pre-morbid IQ, working memory, and executive function. Results showed that survivors of TBI made more gamble choices than controls (total BGT score), although the groups did not significantly differ when using a cut-off score for ‘impaired’ performance. Unexpectedly, the groups did not significantly differ in their performance across the blocks; however, the cluster analysis revealed three subgroups (with survivors of TBI and controls represented in each cluster). Findings also indicated that only age and group were significant predictors of overall BGT performance. In conclusion, the study findings are consistent with an individual difference account of emotion-based decision making, and a number of issues need to be addressed prior to recommending the clinical use of the BGT.

Gambling Task Performance in Traumatic Brain Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Levine ◽  
Sandra E Black ◽  
Gordon Cheung ◽  
Ann Campbell ◽  
Colleen O??Toole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Gambling Task

Task performance in virtual environments used for cognitive rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 888-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Christiansen ◽  
Beatriz Abreu ◽  
Kenneth Ottenbacher ◽  
Kenneth Huffman ◽  
Brent Masel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation

Post-traumatic brain injury olfactory dysfunction: Factors influencing quality of life

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e229-e230
Author(s):  
F. Ahmedy ◽  
M.Z. Abu Bakar ◽  
M. Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Post Traumatic

Anosmia After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Update

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Drummond ◽  
Jacinta Douglas ◽  
John Olver
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Injury Rehabilitation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Olfactory Impairment

AbstractMost people only recognise the value of olfactory function after it is lost. In the context of traumatic brain injury with its far-reaching physical, cognitive, behavioural and emotional sequelae, posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction is an additional consequence that many survivors have to face as they adjust to a changed life situation. The aim of this article is to provide an update on posttraumatic anosmia for clinicians working in the area of brain injury rehabilitation. Brief reviews of incidence studies and causal mechanisms of olfactory impairment after brain injury are provided. Consequences of anosmia in the domains of safety, eating, personal hygiene, leisure, work and relationships with associated adaptive strategies are described.

Frequency and prognostic factors of olfactory dysfunction after traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Bratt ◽  
Toril Skandsen ◽  
Thomas Hummel ◽  
Kent G. Moen ◽  
Anne Vik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction

Dual task performance and post traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Foley ◽  
Anna Cantagallo ◽  
Sergio Della Sala ◽  
Robert H. Logie
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Dual Task Performance ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Plasma osteopontin may predict neuroinflammation and the severity of pediatric traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Gao ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang-Brotzge ◽  
Bushra Wali ◽  
Iqbal Sayeed ◽  
Joshua J Chern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Pediatric Tbi ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in children and adolescents in developed countries, but there are no blood-based biomarkers to support the diagnosis or prognosis of pediatric TBI to-date. Here we report that the plasma levels of osteopontin (OPN), a phosphoprotein chiefly secreted by macrophages and/or activated microglia, may contribute to this goal. In animal models of TBI, while OPN, fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were all readily induced by controlled cortical impact in the brains of one-month-old mice, only OPN and GFAP ascended in the blood in correlation with high neurological severity scores (NSS). In children with TBI (three to nine years of age, n = 66), the plasma levels of OPN, but not GFAP, correlated with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Score ≤ 8) and intracranial lesions at emergency department. In addition, the plasma OPN levels in severe pediatric TBI patients continued to ascend for 72 h and correlated with mortality and the days requiring ventilator or intensive care unit support, whereas the plasma GFAP levels lacked these properties. Together, these results suggest that plasma OPN outperforms GFAP and may be a neuroinflammation-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in pediatric TBI.

Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury in Head Trauma Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1352-1357
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Yadav ◽  
Binit Dev ◽  
Sushil Taparia ◽  
Parvez Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in patients with head trauma is common cause for emergency visits to hospital affecting all age groups. It is one of important leading cause of death and disability worldwide besides leading to neurological disease burden. Noncontrast enhanced Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is imaging modality of choice for detection of various intracranial lesions. Objectives: This study was done to analyse various imaging findings on MDCT in traumatic head injury patients along with association of CT findings with clinical manifestation and mechanism of injury. Methodology: In this ethically approved prospective study, CT scan was done in 224 consecutive patients with head injury from November 2020 to February 2021. The various imaging findings seen in CT scan were documented in proforma. The data collected was analyzed with appropriate statistical test and statistical significance was calculated. Results: Total of 224 patients with diagnosis of head injury were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 2.86 and most common age group involved was between 20-40years (41.1%). The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents (57.6%) and most of the patients presented with history of altered sensorium (35.7%). About 47.3% patients showed abnormal findings on CT scan with scalp lesion was most common findings (82%) followed by skull fractures (54.7%) and cerebral contusions (43.4%). Patients with history of RTA had more abnormal CT scan (62%) than fall injury and physical assault. Statistically significant association seen between CT scan findings with Glasgow Coma Scale and RTA (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed well documented role of CT scan in diagnosis of TBI besides detection of spectrum of intracranial lesions in patients with head trauma. Road traffic accident is most common mode of head injury with most of the victims are young middle age active male. 

scholarly journals GFAP Out-Performs S100β in Detecting Traumatic Intracranial Lesions on Computed Tomography in Trauma Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Those with Extracranial Lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (22) ◽  
pp. 1815-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Papa ◽  
Salvatore Silvestri ◽  
Gretchen M. Brophy ◽  
Philip Giordano ◽  
Jay L. Falk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Intracranial Lesions
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