Ongoing task delays affect prospective memory more powerfully than filler task delays.

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Martin ◽  
Noelle L. Brown ◽  
Jason L. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Filler Task

Differential Processing of Ongoing Task Items for Non-Focal Event-Based Prospective Memory

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne D. Loft ◽  
Michael S. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Differential Processing ◽  
Focal Event ◽  
Event Based

The Effect of Contextual Cues on Prospective Memory Accuracy and Cost to the Ongoing Task

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Meldrum ◽  
Rebekah E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Memory Accuracy

scholarly journals Paying What You Expect: Performance Expectations Influence Initial Ongoing-task Costs in Event-based Prospective Memory

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice G. Kuhlmann ◽  
Jan Rummel ◽  
Dayna R. Touron
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Event Based

scholarly journals Interactive effects in transfer-appropriate processing for event-based prospective memory: The roles of effort, ongoing task, and PM cue properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1032-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew H. Abney ◽  
Dawn M. McBride ◽  
Samantha N. Petrella
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Transfer Appropriate Processing ◽  
Event Based

scholarly journals The development of prospective memory in young schoolchildren: The impact of ongoing task absorption, cue salience, and cue centrality

2013 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Kliegel ◽  
Caitlin E.V. Mahy ◽  
Babett Voigt ◽  
Julie D. Henry ◽  
Peter G. Rendell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Cue Salience ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Relationship between Event-Based Prospective Memory and Ongoing Task Performance in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore A. Evans ◽  
Bonnie Perdue ◽  
Michael J. Beran
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Event Based ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Dealing with prospective memory demands while performing an ongoing task: Shared processing, increased on-task focus, or both?

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1047-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rummel ◽  
Bridget A. Smeekens ◽  
Michael J. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Task Focus

scholarly journals Differential Benefits of Prospective Memory Reminders Depending on Cognitive Load

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Peper ◽  
Durna Alakbarova ◽  
Hunter Ball
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Past Research ◽  
High Load ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Target Information ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Load Conditions

Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to complete a task at the appropriate moment in the future. Past research has found reminders can improve PM performance in both laboratory and naturalistic settings, but few projects have examined the circumstances when reminders are most beneficial. Three experiments in the present study tested the effect of reminders in an event-based PM task under different cognitive loads. In Experiments 1 (specific targets) and 2 (nonspecific targets), load was manipulated by having participants respond to a single (low load) or multiple (high load) targets. In Experiment 3, the association between pairs was manipulated by presenting strongly associated pairs (low load) or weakly associated pairs (high load). Half of the participants in each experiment received reminders whereby PM target information was placed at the top of the computer screen. Across all three experiments, it was found that the benefit of reminders was greater under high load than low load conditions. Importantly, the improvements in PM from reminders generally occurred without any additional cost to ongoing task performance and without any reduction of retrospective memory for the targets at the end of the experiment. Together these results suggest that reminders can be beneficial for reducing PM failures, particularly under high load, without the potential downside of increased effort expenditure.

scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive Demand on Prospective Memory in Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Maujean ◽  
David Shum ◽  
Rachel McQueen
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Cognitive Demand ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Word Association Test

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of cognitive demand on prospective-memory in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using a dual-task paradigm. Fourteen individuals with severe TBI and 14 matched controls were required to undertake two tasks. A lexical-decision task was used as an ongoing task and had two levels of cognitive demand (viz., low and high). The event-based prospective-memory task involved performing a specific action whenever a target stimulus appeared during the ongoing task. The Letter-Number Sequencing Test, the Tower of London and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test were also administered to assess the relationship between prefrontal lobe functions and prospective memory. As hypothesised, participants in the TBI group performed more poorly than participants in the control group on the prospective-memory task in the high but not in the low demand condition. There were significant correlations between prospective-memory task performance and scores on the Letter-Number Sequencing Test and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test. These findings help to clarify the nature of prospective-memory impairment in individuals with TBI and support the involvement of prefrontal processes in prospective remembering.

Prior Task Experience and Comparable Stimulus Exposure Nullify Focal and Nonfocal Prospective Memory Retrieval Differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1997-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Hicks ◽  
Bryan A. Franks ◽  
Samantha N. Spitler
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Ongoing Task ◽  
Instruction Condition ◽  
Focal Condition ◽  
Task Experience ◽  
Event Based

We explored the nature of focal versus nonfocal event-based prospective memory retrieval. In the context of a lexical decision task, people received an intention to respond to a single word (focal) in one condition and to a category label (nonfocal) for the other condition. Participants experienced both conditions, and their order was manipulated. The focal instruction condition was a single word presented multiple times. In Experiment 1, the stimuli in the nonfocal condition were different exemplars from a category, each presented once. In the nonfocal condition retrieval was poorer and reaction times were slower during the ongoing task as compared to the focal condition, replicating prior findings. In Experiment 2, the stimulus in the nonfocal condition was a single category exemplar repeated multiple times. When this single-exemplar nonfocal condition followed in time the single-item focal condition, focal versus nonfocal performance was virtually indistinguishable. These results demonstrate that people can modify their stimulus processing and expectations in event-based prospective memory tasks based on experience with the nature of prospective cues and with the ongoing task.

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