Emotional Inhibition as a Mediator Between Negative Affect and Psychological Distress.

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Lynch ◽  
C. J. Robins ◽  
J. Q. Morse ◽  
E. D. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Inhibition

Relations among Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Somatic Symptoms in a Medically Ill Patient Sample

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Kvaal ◽  
Shobhana Patodia
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Medically Ill ◽  
Different Populations

The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), a brief measure of Positive and Negative Affect, may be useful in assessing mood of medical patients because it does not include somatic items frequently confounded with medical conditions. In previous research Positive and Negative Affect have been independent and uncorrelated, and Negative Affect but not Positive Affect has been positively correlated with somatic symptoms. However, relationships between variables may vary in different populations, and there is relatively little information on Positive and Negative Affect in medical patients. In the current study, the PANAS was used to assess the relationships among Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and somatic symptoms and pain in a medically ill hospital population. Positive and Negative Affect scores were positively correlated and for patients reporting pain, Positive Affect scores were positively correlated with pain intensity. Results from this and other studies indicate that Positive and Negative Affect are independent but in some populations may be correlated; positive affects such as hopefulness may co-occur with both somatic complaints and psychological distress.

scholarly journals Network Analysis of Mindfulness Facets, Affect, Compassion, and Distress

Mindfulness ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg N. Medvedev ◽  
Matti Cervin ◽  
Barbara Barcaccia ◽  
Richard J. Siegert ◽  
Anja Roemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
Mindfulness Facets ◽  
Internal Experience

Abstract Objectives Mindfulness, positive affect, and compassion may protect against psychological distress but there is lack of understanding about the ways in which these factors are linked to mental health. Network analysis is a statistical method used to investigate complex associations among constructs in a single network and is particularly suitable for this purpose. The aim of this study was to explore how mindfulness facets, affect, and compassion were linked to psychological distress using network analysis. Methods The sample (n = 400) included equal numbers from general and student populations who completed measures of five mindfulness facets, compassion, positive and negative affect, depression, anxiety, and stress. Network analysis was used to explore the direct associations between these variables. Results Compassion was directly related to positive affect, which in turn was strongly and inversely related to depression and positively related to the observing and describing facets of mindfulness. The non-judgment facet of mindfulness was strongly and inversely related to negative affect, anxiety, and depression, while non-reactivity and acting with awareness were inversely associated with stress and anxiety, respectively. Strong associations were found between all distress variables. Conclusions The present network analysis highlights the strong link between compassion and positive affect and suggests that observing and describing the world through the lens of compassion may enhance resilience to depression. Taking a non-judging and non-reacting stance toward internal experience while acting with awareness may protect against psychological distress. Applicability of these findings can be examined in experimental studies aiming to prevent distress and enhance psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Racial Microaggression, Overt Discrimination, and Distress: (In)Direct Associations With Psychological Adjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Priscilla Lui
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
African American ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Drinking Problems ◽  
Racial Microaggression ◽  
Adjustment Outcomes

Scholars in diverse disciplines have examined the associations between psychological adjustment and microaggression, and overt discrimination. It remains unclear whether the roles of microaggression in adjustment outcomes can be differentiated from the roles of overt discrimination and neuroticism. I examined the extent to which racial microaggression explained unique variances of negative affect, alcohol consumption, and drinking problems while controlling for overt discrimination and neuroticism among African American, Asian American, and Latinx American college students ( N = 713). Intervening roles of psychological distress linking microaggression and overt discrimination to adjustment outcomes were also tested. Among African Americans, microaggression and overt discrimination did not consistently predict psychological adjustment. Among Asian and Latinx Americans, microaggression and overt discrimination predicted negative affect via psychological distress. Microaggression also explained the variances of alcohol use outcomes among Asian Americans. Findings are discussed in the context of an acute racism reactions model and underscore the importance of considering overt discrimination and microaggression simultaneously as determinants of psychological adjustment.

Neuroticism and Negative Affect Measures as Predictors of Psychological Distress

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim McLennan ◽  
Janice I. Buchanan ◽  
Glen W. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Academic Year

In a year-long study, 106 students (78 women and 28 men, mean age 29 yr.) completed both a self-report Neuroticism and Extroversion inventory and a self-report positive and negative affect checklist at the beginning of an academic year. At the end of the academic year, prior to final examinations, they completed a self-rating scale for depression. The Neuroticism score was the only significant independent predictor of students' end-of-year levels of psychological distress.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Resilience Training on Positive and Negative Affect and Reduction of Psychological Distress in Mothers of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-449
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei ◽  
◽  
Gholamreza Chalabainloo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Resiliency Training ◽  
Resilience Training

Background and Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resiliency training on positive and negative affect and reduce the psychological distress in mothers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods & Materials: The research method was semi-experimental with and pre-test, post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with ADHD in Tabriz in 2020, among which 30 were selected by convenience sampling method, were randomly assigned to experimental, and control groups. The research tools included the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Questionnaires. Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Branch approved this study (Code: IR.IAU.TABRIZ.REC.1398.062). Results: The results of 9 sessions with 90 minutes of group resilience training (taken from Henderson & Milstein, 2003) showed that resiliency training leads to an increase in positive affect and a decrease in negative affect, as well as a decrease in psychological distress in mothers of children with ADHD. Conclusion: These results suggest that resiliency education can be effective as an educational-therapeutic approach to increase positive emotions and decrease negative emotions and mental disorders in mothers of children with childhood disorders.

scholarly journals Clinical Audit in a General Surgery Rotation: Responses and Professional Opinion of Participating House Officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Tan Jih Huei ◽  
Kumar Novinth ◽  
Tan Chor Lip Henry
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Professional Opinion

House officers (HOs) face numerous challenges to adapt to new working environment following months of unemployment. Several studies have addressed their psychological distress, and identified that general surgery is one of the most stressful rotation. In this current study, we intend to study their emotional responses when they are participating in clinical audit. The responses were assessed with Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Those who participated in the survey had more positive affect than negative affect. A small proportion of them had a sense of guilt and fear. HOs work far from original hometown and away from family members are having less positive affect. Appropriate measures to allow HOs to work close to family may improve work efficacy and emotional health.

Invisible Social Control as Predictor of Daily Negative Affect and Smoking After a Self-Set Quit Date

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Lüscher ◽  
Sibylle Ochsner ◽  
Corina Berli ◽  
Nina Knoll ◽  
Gertraud Stadler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Electronic Diaries ◽  
Daily Diaries

The dual-effects model of social control proposes that social control leads to increased psychological distress but also to better health practices. However, findings are inconsistent, and recent research suggests that the most effective control is unnoticed by the receiver (i. e., invisible). Yet, investigations of the influence of invisible control on daily negative affect and smoking have been limited. Using daily diaries, we investigated how invisible social control was associated with negative affect and smoking. Overall, 100 smokers (72.0 % men, age M = 40.48, SD = 9.82) and their nonsmoking partners completed electronic diaries from a self-set quit date for 22 consecutive days, reporting received and provided social control, negative affect, and daily smoking. We found in multilevel analyses of the within-person process that on days with higher-than-average invisible control, smokers reported more negative affect and fewer cigarettes smoked. Findings are in line with the assumptions of the dual-effects model of social control: Invisible social control increased daily negative affect and simultaneously reduced smoking at the within-person level.

scholarly journals Racial Microaggression, Overt Discrimination, and Distress: (In)Direct Associations with Psychological Adjustment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Priscilla Lui
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Hispanic American ◽  
Drinking Problems ◽  
Racial Microaggression ◽  
Adjustment Outcomes

Separate literatures have examined the associations between psychological adjustment and microaggression, and overt discrimination; whether microaggression is related to adjustment outcomes above and beyond overt discrimination and neuroticism remains unclear. I examined the extent to which racial microaggression explained unique variances of negative affect, alcohol consumption, and drinking problems while controlling for overt discrimination and neuroticism among Asian, Black, and Hispanic American college students (N = 713, 50.9% women, Mage = 22.72 years). Intervening roles of psychological distress linking microaggression and overt discrimination to adjustment outcomes were also tested. Among Blacks, microaggression and overt discrimination did not consistently predict psychological adjustment. Among Asians and Hispanics, microaggression and overt discrimination predicted negative affect via psychological distress. Microaggression also explained the variances of alcohol use outcomes among Asians. Findings are discussed in the context of an acute racism reactions model and underscore the importance of considering overt discrimination and microaggression simultaneously as determinants of psychological adjustment.

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