Contributions of Disgust and Anxiety in Predicting Contamination Fear

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig N. Sawchuk ◽  
Jeffrey M. Lohr ◽  
Suzanne A. Meunier
Keyword(s):  
Contamination Fear

scholarly journals Role of Fear Domain Match and Baseline Bias in Interpretation Training for Contamination Fear

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Beadel ◽  
Fiona C. Ritchey ◽  
Bethany A. Teachman
Keyword(s):  
Contamination Fear

scholarly journals Impacts of Stressful Life Events and Traumatic Experiences on Onset of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitaro Murayama ◽  
Tomohiro Nakao ◽  
Aikana Ohno ◽  
Sae Tsuruta ◽  
Hirofumi Tomiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Contamination Fear ◽  
Original Meaning

Not a few patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have experienced events that affected the onset. The onset of OCD is not limited to the original meaning of trauma; rather, traumatic experiences such as unexpected exposure to contaminants or various stressful life events often cause the onset of OCD. It would be useful to understand the experiences surrounding the onset, including stressful life events and traumatic experiences, for comprehension of the pathophysiology of OCD. In the present study, we investigated the onset conditions of 281 patients with OCD and compared clinical characteristics among groups with or without stressful life events including traumatic experiences. As a result, 172 (61.2%) participants had experienced various stressful life events, and 98 (34%) participants had had traumatic experiences before the onset. Furthermore, the participants who had had stressful life events showed more contamination/fear symptoms compared with those without such life events. Meanwhile, the patients who had had specific traumatic experiences showed a tendency toward hoarding obsessions. To comprehend the pathophysiology of OCD, it is important to understand the stressful life events that precede its onset.

scholarly journals Predicting Contamination Aversion Using Implicit and Explicit Measures of Disgust and Threat Overestimation

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Rouel ◽  
Richard J. Stevenson ◽  
Evelyn Smith
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Implicit Processes ◽  
Contamination Fear ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures

Explicit measures of disgust and threat overestimation have consistently been found to be involved in contamination aversion. However, evidence of the involvement of these factors at the implicit level is mixed, and the role of both responses has not been looked at concurrently. This study aimed to compare the ability of implicit and explicit measures of disgust and threat overestimation to predict contamination aversion and whether this depends on the type of contaminant. Sixty-five participants completed explicit and implicit measures of disgust and threat overestimation, as well as several measures of contamination aversion, including obsessive-compulsive tendencies, and contamination fear and avoidance of contaminants directly associated with disease (direct contaminants) and harmful substances (harm contaminants). It was found that both explicit disgust and explicit threat overestimation predicted contamination-fear obsessive-compulsive tendencies. Explicit disgust predicted contamination fear and avoidance of direct contaminants, whereas explicit threat overestimation predicted contamination fear and avoidance of harm contaminants. The involvement of implicit processes was weak, with some suggestion of difficulty disengaging predicting avoidance of contaminants. Implications for understanding dysfunctional contamination aversion are discussed.

scholarly journals Unique affective and cognitive processes in contamination appraisals: Implications for contamination fear

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh M. Cisler ◽  
Thomas G. Adams ◽  
Robert E. Brady ◽  
Ana J. Bridges ◽  
Jeffrey M. Lohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Contamination Fear

Does cognitive flexibility moderate the relationship between disgust sensitivity and contamination fear?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S202-S202
Author(s):  
E. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Disgust Sensitivity ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Contamination Fear ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

High disgust sensitivity and poor cognitive flexibility have been independently identified as contributing factors in the aetiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This study looks at the relationship between contamination fear and disgust sensitivity in a non-clinical population. In particular, at whether two moderating factors, cognitive flexibility and emotional reappraisal, have a buffering influence. One hundred participants from an undergraduate population completed a battery of questionnaires which rated their disgust and level of contamination fear. They also completed a set-shifting task to assess cognitive flexibility and an emotion regulation questionnaire. The mean age of the sample was 21.4 years with 62% of the sample population being female. SPSS 16 was used to correlate the main variables using Pearson's correlation and moderated regression, using MODPROBE, was used for analysis. Results confirmed previous findings that high disgust sensitivity is significantly associated with contamination fear (P < 0.01). In addition to this, both cognitive flexibility and emotional reappraisal reduced the influence that disgust has on an individual's contamination fear. Cognitive flexibility and emotion reappraisal were not found to be significantly correlated to each other (P = 0.511), which suggest that these variables moderate the relationship between disgust and contamination fear independently of each other. Individuals with poor cognitive flexibility and/or poor emotional reappraisal were found to have high levels of contamination fear, which suggests that these two variables may attenuate the relationship between disgust and contamination fear. Future implications of these findings have been discussed although further research is needed to confirm these conclusions in a clinical population.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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