Enkephalin influences on behavioral and neural plasticity: Mechanisms of action.

Enkephalin Influences on Behavioral and Neural Plasticity: Mechanisms of Action

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e496402006-004 ◽

1990 ◽

Author(s):

Joe L. Martinez ◽

◽

Patricia H. Janak ◽

Susan B. Weinberger ◽

Gery Schulteis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Plasticity ◽

Mechanisms Of Action

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Functional and structural neural plasticity effects of literacy acquisition in adulthood

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024/1016-264x/a000254 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 97-107

Author(s):

Melanie Boltzmann ◽

Thomas Münte ◽

Bahram Mohammadi ◽

Jascha Rüsseler

Keyword(s):

Neural Plasticity ◽

Adult Literacy ◽

Writing Skills ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

Written Language ◽

Learning To Read ◽

Workplace Literacy ◽

Functional Illiteracy ◽

Brain Changes ◽

Definition Of

Abstract. In Germany, 7.5 Million individuals between 18 and 64 years are considered to be functionally illiterate (Grotlüschen & Riekmann, 2012). Functional illiterates have only rudimentary literacy skills despite attending school for several years. Although they can use written language to a very limited extent, only few functional illiterates attend literacy courses for adults. In addition, most adult literacy courses primarily aim at promoting basic reading and writing skills. Offers specific to workplace literacy are scarce. This review gives an overview of the definition of functional illiteracy. Afterwards, a specific literacy program (AlphaPlus) and its effectiveness will be presented. The reviewed studies indicate that learning to read in adulthood is associated with structural and functional brain changes.

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Case Formulation and Design of Behavioral Treatment Programs

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027//1015-5759.19.3.164 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 164-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Stephen N. Haynes ◽

Andrew E. Williams

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Behavior Problems ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Relative Magnitude ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Treatment Programs ◽

Case Formulation ◽

Functional Relations ◽

Causal Variables

Summary: We review the rationale for behavioral clinical case formulations and emphasize the role of the functional analysis in the design of individualized treatments. Standardized treatments may not be optimally effective for clients who have multiple behavior problems. These problems can affect each other in complex ways and each behavior problem can be influenced by multiple, interacting causal variables. The mechanisms of action of standardized treatments may not always address the most important causal variables for a client's behavior problems. The functional analysis integrates judgments about the client's behavior problems, important causal variables, and functional relations among variables. The functional analysis aids treatment decisions by helping the clinician estimate the relative magnitude of effect of each causal variable on the client's behavior problems, so that the most effective treatments can be selected. The parameters of, and issues associated with, a functional analysis and Functional Analytic Clinical Case Models (FACCM) are illustrated with a clinical case. The task of selecting the best treatment for a client is complicated because treatments differ in their level of specificity and have unequally weighted mechanisms of action. Further, a treatment's mechanism of action is often unknown.

Get full-text (via PubEx)

“Neural Plasticity in Rehabilitation and Psychotherapy – New Perspectives and Findings”

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000202 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 223 (1) ◽

pp. 66-66

Author(s):

Wolfgang H. R. Miltner ◽

Otto W. Witte

Keyword(s):

Neural Plasticity

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000244 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 224 (2) ◽

pp. 102-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carsten M. Klingner ◽

Stefan Brodoehl ◽

Gerd F. Volk ◽

Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽

Otto W. Witte

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Neural Plasticity ◽

Cortical Plasticity ◽

Brain Plasticity ◽

Motor Nerve ◽

Predictive Coding ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Cortical Reorganization ◽

Nerve Lesion ◽

Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

Get full-text (via PubEx)