Women's intentions to pursue STEM: The detrimental impact of stereotypes

High-filler-content paper is a growing research and development opportunity in papermaking. These new products must address traditional paper product properties while providing papermakers with distinct product platform benefits. Over the past decade, a research team involving researchers from the Institute of Paper Science and Technology at Georgia Institute of Technology and from Imerys have significantly advanced the application of starch-encapsulated papermaking fillers. This review summarizes these accomplishments from initial laboratory studies to mill trials. Laboratory results have illustrated that starch-encapsulated fillers can facilitate a near-doubling of filler content over conventional levels at equal tensile and z-direction tensile (ZDT) values. Equally important is that the use of starch-encapsulated kaolin (SEK) filler has been shown to facilitate a doubling of filler addition rate without any detrimental impact on ring crush compared with control studies with filler. Pilot-plant and mill trials have shown that SEK can function as a fiber extender, reduce steam demand for drying by 10%, and increase papermaking speeds and production rates.

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Chemical reduction of chlorpyrifos driven by flavin mononucleotide functionalized titanium (IV) dioxide

Physical Sciences Reviews ◽

10.1515/psr-2020-0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Santos Díaz ◽

Hazim Al-Zubaidi ◽

Amir C. Ross-Obare ◽

Sherine O. Obare

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Organic Contaminants ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Flavin Mononucleotide ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Organophosphate Compounds ◽

Biological Molecule ◽

Highly Active ◽

New Directions ◽

Detrimental Impact

AbstractFor many decades, organohalide and organophosphate compounds have shown significant detrimental impact on the environment. Consequently, strategies for their remediation continue to be an area of emerging need. The reduction of the chlorpyrifos pesticide, a molecule that bears both organohalide and organophosphate functional groups, is an important area of investigation due to it toxic nature. In this report, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the biological molecule, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) toward chemically reducing chlorpyrifos. The FMN was found to be highly active when anchored to nanocrystalline TiO2 surfaces. The results show new directions toward the remediation of organic contaminants under mild reaction conditions.

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A Rapid Review of the Detrimental Impact of Loneliness and Social Isolation in Caregivers of Older Adults

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.jagp.2021.01.117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. S122-S123

Author(s):

Sophia G. Perez ◽

Alexandria G. Nuccio ◽

Ashley M. Stripling

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Rapid Review ◽

Detrimental Impact

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Study finds social isolation has ‘detrimental’ impact on girls

Mental Health Weekly ◽

10.1002/mhw.32830 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (23) ◽

pp. 7-7

Author(s):

Valerie A. Canady

Keyword(s):

Social Isolation ◽

Detrimental Impact

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Interactions of COMT and ALDH2 Genetic Polymorphisms on Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11030361 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 361

Author(s):

Rwei-Ling Yu ◽

Shao-Ching Tu ◽

Ruey-Meei Wu ◽

Pei-An Lu ◽

Chun-Hsiang Tan

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Monoamine Neurotransmitters ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Detrimental Impact ◽

Reduced Activity ◽

Insight Into

(1) Background: Monoamine neurotransmitters play essential roles in the normal functioning of our nervous system. However, the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters is accompanied by the production of neurotoxic metabolites, and inefficient removal of the metabolites has been suggested to cause neurodegeneration. (2) Methods: To examine the effect of reduced activity of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms COMT rs4680(A) and ALDH2 rs671(A) on the symptoms of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), a total of 114 PD patients were recruited cross-sectionally and received genotyping for rs4680 and rs671 along with MDS-UPDRS evaluation. (3) Results: We found that patients carrying rs4680(A) had more severe bradykinesia in the upper extremity and rest tremor. Besides, patients carrying rs671(A) had more difficulty maintaining personal hygiene, while patients with genotype rs671(GG) had higher scores in the item “depressed mood.” More importantly, we found the effect of rs4680 to be moderated by rs671 SNP for the symptom of “hand movements.” The detrimental impact of rs4680(A) is more pronounced in the presence of genotype rs671(GG). (4) Conclusions: This study facilitates a deeper understanding of the detrimental effect of reduced activity of COMT and ALDH2 conferred by genetic variation and provides novel insight into the interactions between enzymes metabolizing monoamine neurotransmitters in the pathogenesis of PD.

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Evidencing the detrimental impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health across Europe

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe ◽

10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 100052

Author(s):

Roger T Webb ◽

Sally McManus ◽

Rory C O'Connor

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Detrimental Impact

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Preventive justice: Exploring the coercive power of community protection notices to tackle anti-social behaviour

Punishment & Society ◽

10.1177/1462474521989801 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146247452198980

Author(s):

Vicky Heap ◽

Alex Black ◽

Zoe Rodgers

Keyword(s):

Due Process ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Coercive Power ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Specific Behaviour ◽

Preventive Justice ◽

Community Protection ◽

First Time ◽

Detrimental Impact

Community Protection Notices (CPNs) are civil preventive orders used in England and Wales to prevent and/or require specific behaviour by an individual or organisation, where existing conduct has a ‘detrimental impact on the quality of life of those in the locality’. Breach of the notice results in a £100 fine under a Fixed Penalty Notice or a possible criminal conviction. To date, CPNs have tackled an array of perceived anti-social behaviours, ranging from rough sleeping to overgrown gardens. Using Ashworth and Zedner’s preventive justice as an analytical framework, our research qualitatively explores recipients’ experiences of this new tool for the first time. The findings highlight how the operationalisation of CPNs extends the coercive power of the state, with a range of negative consequences relating to the concepts of disproportionality, due process and accountability. We also offer three empirically-grounded recommendations for reforming CPN practices.

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Financial indebtedness and suicide: A 1-year follow-up study of a population registered at the Swedish Enforcement Authority

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00207640211036166 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402110361

Author(s):

Yerko Rojas

Keyword(s):

Global Financial Crisis ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Financial Difficulties ◽

Enforcement Authority ◽

The Global Financial Crisis ◽

Socioeconomic Risk ◽

Registration Date ◽

Detrimental Impact ◽

General Swedish Population

Background: Economic hardship is an established suicidogenic factor. However, very little is known about whether financial difficulties in terms of debt problems, specifically, is related to suicide. This would seem to be an important research gap, not least at a time when the repercussions of the global financial crisis are still being felt by many people. Aims: This study sets out to examine whether experiencing financial indebtedness is related to suicide. Methods: For this purpose, people aged between 18 and 64 with a registration date for a debt in the Swedish Enforcement Authority register between 2015 and 2017 ( n = 180,842) are followed up for a 1-year period for death by suicide and compared with a sample from the general Swedish population ( n = 928,265). The analysis is based on penalized maximum likelihood logistic regressions. Results: Those who had experienced financial indebtedness were two and a half times more likely to commit suicide than those who had not lived through this experience (OR = 2.50), controlling for several demographic, socio-economic, and mental health conditions prior to the date of the registration at the Enforcement Authority. Conclusion: Debt repayment problems have a significant and detrimental impact on individuals’ risk of committing suicide, even when several other socioeconomic risk factors are controlled for. The results reinforce the importance of ongoing attempts to remove the issue of debt problem from its status as a rather hidden suicidogenic risk factor.

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