scholarly journals Multitasking: Multiple, Domain-Specific Cognitive Functions in A Virtual Environment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Logie ◽  
Steven L. Trawley ◽  
Anna S. Law
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Multiple Domain

scholarly journals Multitasking: multiple, domain-specific cognitive functions in a virtual environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1561-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Logie ◽  
Steven Trawley ◽  
Anna Law
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Multiple Domain

scholarly journals A connectivity-constrained computational account of topographic organization in high-level visual cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M Blauch ◽  
Marlene Behrmann ◽  
David Plaut
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Spatial Clusters ◽  
Feature Extracting ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Visual Processes ◽  
Topographic Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multiple Domain

Inferotemporal cortex (IT) in humans and other primates is topographically organized, with multiple domain-selective areas and other general patterns of functional organization. What factors underlie this organization, and what can this neural arrangement tell us about the mechanisms of high level vision? Here, we present an account of topographic organization involving a computational model with two components: 1) a feature-extracting encoder model of early visual processes, followed by 2) a model of high-level hierarchical visual processing in IT subject to specific biological constraints. In particular, minimizing the wiring cost on spatially organized feedforward and lateral connections within IT, combined with constraining the feedforward processing to be strictly excitatory, results in a hierarchical, topographic organization. This organization replicates a number of key properties of primate IT cortex, including the presence of domain-selective spatial clusters preferentially involved in the representation of faces, objects, and scenes, within-domain topographic organization such as animacy and indoor/outdoor distinctions, and generic spatial organization whereby the response correlation of pairs of units falls off with their distance. The model supports a view in which both domain-specific and domain-general topographic organization arise in the visual system from an optimization process that maximizes behavioral performance while minimizing wiring costs.

A pointer's hypothesis of general intelligence evolved from domain-specific demands

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. T. (Xiao-Tian) Wang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Order Function ◽  
Task Specificity ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Multiple Domain ◽  
Adaptive Problem

AbstractA higher-order function may evolve phylogenetically if it is demanded by multiple domain-specific modules. Task-specificity to solve a unique adaptive problem (e.g., foraging or mating) should be distinguished from function-specificity to deal with a common computational demand (e.g., numeracy, verbal communication) required by many tasks. A localized brain function is likely a result of such common computational demand.

scholarly journals Domain-Specific Design of 3D Interaction Techniques: An Approach for Designing Useful Virtual Environment Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 370-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Doug A Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Interaction Techniques ◽  
3D Interaction ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Domain Specific

Few production virtual environment (VE) applications involve complex three-dimensional (3D) interaction. Our long-term collaboration with architects and engineers in designing 3D user interfaces (3D UIs) has revealed some of the causes: existing interaction tasks and/or techniques are either too generic when isolated from the application context, or too specific to be reusable. We propose a new design approach called domain-specific design (DSD) that sits between the generic and specific design approaches, with an emphasis on using domain knowledge in 3D interaction techniques. We also describe an interaction design framework encompassing generic, domain-specific, and application-specific interaction tasks and techniques. This framework can be used by designers to think of ways to produce domain-specific interaction techniques. We present a particular DSD method, and demonstrate its use for the design of cloning techniques in a structural engineering application. Results from empirical studies demonstrate that interaction techniques produced with domain knowledge in mind outperformed other techniques by improving task efficiency, work flow, and usefulness of the 3D UI.

scholarly journals AN IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT FOR REVIEWING MODEL-CENTRIC DESIGNS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 447-456
Author(s):  
Victor Romero ◽  
Romain Pinquié ◽  
Frédéric Noël
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Heterogeneous Models ◽  
Immersive Environment ◽  
Engineered Systems

AbstractNew design objectives as the digital twin encourage companies to replace the tradition document-based systems engineering approach by a model-centric one. All views of the system rely on different types of models that serve many objectives, especially to improve communication among stakeholders. However, the increasing number of heterogeneous models jeopardize communication at the end. Indeed, to get a holistic view of the virtual definition, engineers have no other alternative than to navigate through numerous models requiring domain-specific software and language. In this paper, we propose to use virtual reality to develop an immersive environment for a collaborative model-centric review of engineered systems. The virtual environment, which relies on a digital thread stored in a graph-oriented database, enables users to explore a model-centric design by navigating through the models in a unique virtual space. To illustrate our proposal, we use a model-centric design of a telescope and shows how our preliminary prototype supports the reviewing activity with data limited to the architecture and geometry. Future works will concentrate on the integration of data related to other perspectives on the system.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Attention and Intelligence: A United Cognitive/Psychometric Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Andrew R. A. Conway ◽  
Kristof Kovacs ◽  
Han Hao ◽  
Kevin P. Rosales ◽  
Jean-Paul Snijder
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Multiple Domain

Process overlap theory (POT) is a new theoretical framework designed to account for the general factor of intelligence (g). According to POT, g does not reflect a general cognitive ability. Instead, g is the result of multiple domain-general executive attention processes and multiple domain-specific processes that are sampled in an overlapping manner across a battery of intelligence tests. POT explains several benchmark findings on human intelligence. However, the precise nature of the executive attention processes underlying g remains unclear. In the current paper, we discuss challenges associated with building a theory of individual differences in attention and intelligence. We argue that the conflation of psychological theories and statistical models, as well as problematic inferences based on latent variables, impedes research progress and prevents theory building. Two studies designed to illustrate the unique features of POT relative to previous approaches are presented. In Study 1, a simulation is presented to illustrate precisely how POT accounts for the relationship between executive attention processes and g. In Study 2, three datasets from previous studies are reanalyzed (N = 243, N = 234, N = 945) and reveal a discrepancy between the POT simulated model and the unity/diversity model of executive function. We suggest that this discrepancy is largely due to methodological problems in previous studies but also reflects different goals of research on individual differences in attention. The unity/diversity model is designed to facilitate research on executive function and dysfunction associated with cognitive and neural development and disease. POT is uniquely suited to guide and facilitate research on individual differences in cognitive ability and the investigation of executive attention processes underlying g.

Associations between Cortical Asymmetry and Domain Specific Cognitive Functions in Healthy Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajikha Raja ◽  
Xiaoxu Na ◽  
Charles M. Glasier ◽  
Thomas M. Badger ◽  
Jayne Bellando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cortical Asymmetry
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