Implicit and explicit motivation, daily goal pursuit, and the recall of autobiographical memories: Using daily diaries to study goal processes in situ

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Burke ◽  
Barbara A. Woike ◽  
Michael Bender
Keyword(s):  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Motivation

Health warning labels modify implicit and explicit responses to snack foods through model-free and model-based changes in motivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Ventsel ◽  
Emily Pechey ◽  
Katie De-loyde ◽  
Mark Pilling ◽  
Richard Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Warning Labels ◽  
Implicit Motivation ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Implicit Approach ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Motivation

Health warning labels (HWLs) show promise in reducing motivation towards energy-dense snack foods. Understanding the underlying mechanisms could optimise their effectiveness. In two studies we compared effects of HWLs and irrelevant aversive labels (IALs) on implicit (approach) and explicit (choice) motivation towards unhealthy snacks. We examined whether labelling effects on motivation arose from the creation of outcome-dependent associations between the food and its health consequences (model-based effects) or from simple, non-specific aversive associations (model-free effects). Both label types reduced motivation towards snack foods but only when the label was physically present. HWLs and IALs showed similar effects on implicit motivation, although HWLs reduced explicit motivation more than IALs. Thus, aversive HWLs affect both model-free and model-based processes, the former through low level associative mechanisms affecting implicit motivation, the latter by emphasizing explicit causal links to health outcomes thereby affecting explicitly motivated choice behaviours.

The Effect of Implicit and Explicit Motivation on Recall among Old and Young Adults

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. McClelland ◽  
Anthony Scioli ◽  
Suzanne Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Implicit Motives ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Good Memory ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Motivation ◽  
Poor Memory

Seventy-six elderly subjects aged sixty-five to eighty-seven and seventy-seven young adults aged twenty-five to forty were compared on implicit and explicit motive levels and on recall of introductions and working memory. Significantly fewer of the elderly than the young participants scored high in the implicit motives, n Affiliation and n Power, confirming results from U.S. national surveys. The surveys also demonstrated a significant decline with age in high levels of n Achievement, a decline not found here. The elderly participants showed major recall deficits on both tasks, but all three of the implicit motives studied were shown to enhance recall for the elderly, but not for the young adults. Eight elderly women scoring high on at least two of the three motives showed no recall deficits compared to the young women on two memory tasks. In old age implicit motive deficits contribute to poor memory but explicit commitments to have a good memory had no effect on recall.

Motivation and Goal Pursuit

2012 ◽  
pp. 286-314
Author(s):  
Julie K. Norem
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Goal Structure ◽  
Defensive Pessimism ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

This chapter reviews motivation research that integrates person and situation perspectives. Personality and social psychologists pursue approaches to the study of human motivation that tend to be complementary and integrated, because they have had similar reactions to historical influences. Research tends to focus either on general motives, or on specific goals and goal pursuit processes. Within each focus, one can distinguish between implicit and explicit motives and goals, and approach and avoidance versions of motives and goal constructs. The chapter reviews implicit motive theory, self-determination theory, and research on goal structure, content, appraisal and pursuit. Implicit theories, life tasks, and self-regulation strategies (e.g., defensive pessimism) exemplify perspectives on motivation that integrate personal and situational factors using a functional approach. The chapter calls for further research on the relationship between implicit and explicit motivational variables, on congruence versus conflict in motivational systems, and on the integration of self-concept and motivational systems.

Discrepancies Between Implicit and Explicit Motivation and Unhealthy Eating Behavior

2010 ◽  
pp. no-no ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Job ◽  
Daniela Oertig ◽  
Veronika Brandstätter ◽  
Mathias Allemand
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Motivation

Motivation and Goal Pursuit

2018 ◽  
pp. 342-364
Author(s):  
Julie K. Norem
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Goal Structure ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Do So

This chapter reviews motivation research that integrates person and situation perspectives or has the potential to do so. Personality and social psychologists pursue approaches to the study of human motivation that tend to be complementary, in part because they have had similar reactions to historical influences. Research tends to focus either on general motives or on specific goals and goal pursuit processes. Within each focus, one can distinguish between implicit and explicit motives and goals and approach and avoidance versions of motives and goal constructs. The chapter reviews fundamental motives theories, implicit motive theory, self-determination theory, reinforcement sensitivity theory, regulatory focus theory, research on goal structure, content, appraisal and pursuit, and recent research on implicit/explicit motive congruence.

Implicit and Explicit Motivation Crowding in Prosocial Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Resh ◽  
John D. Marvel ◽  
Bo Wen
Keyword(s):  
Motivation Crowding ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Motivation

Rendez vous with Saturn's rings

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry T. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Low Thrust ◽  
Ring Plane ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Total Impulse ◽  
Saturn's Rings

ABSTRACTA mission to rendezvous with the rings of Saturn is studied with regard to science rationale and instrumentation and engineering feasibility and design. Future detailedin situexploration of the rings of Saturn will require spacecraft systems with enormous propulsive capability. NASA is currently studying the critical technologies for just such a system, called Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP). Electric propulsion is the only technology which can effectively provide the required total impulse for this demanding mission. Furthermore, the power source must be nuclear because the solar energy reaching Saturn is only 1% of that at the Earth. An important aspect of this mission is the ability of the low thrust propulsion system to continuously boost the spacecraft above the ring plane as it spirals in toward Saturn, thus enabling scientific measurements of ring particles from only a few kilometers.

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