Modeling the effects of behavior moderators for simulation-based human factors design

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Scott Neal Reilly ◽  
John Bachman ◽  
Karen A. Harper ◽  
Stephen Marotta ◽  
Jonathan Pfautz
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Simulation Based

scholarly journals P65 Using simulation-based learning to provide an introduction to human factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Nalwaya ◽  
Gregory Oxenham ◽  
Luke McGeoch ◽  
Philippa Clery ◽  
Emma Sewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Simulation Based

Management of the deteriorating adult patient: does simulation-based education improve patient safety?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bennion ◽  
Stephanie K Mansell
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Educational Method ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Impact

Failure to recognise the deteriorating patient can cause severe harm and is related to preventable death. Human factors are often identified as contributing factors. Simulation-based education is used to develop clinicians' human factors skills. This article discusses the evidence concerning the efficacy of simulation-based education for improving the recognition and management of the acutely deteriorating adult patient, and the limitations of simulation-based education. Findings demonstrated simulation-based education was the most effective educational method identified for training staff in recognising unwell patients. The evidence demonstrating the impact of simulation-based education on patient outcomes was equivocal. The quality of the evidence was low grade regarding the efficacy of simulation-based education on human factors. Further research is required to confirm the efficacy of simulation-based education for human factors and patient outcomes.

Using simulation to iteratively test and re-design a cognitive aid for use in the management of severe local anaesthetic toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Catherine A McIntosh ◽  
David Donnelly ◽  
Robert Marr
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Cognitive Aids ◽  
Local Standard ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Font Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Education And Development

IntroductionCognitive aids, such as a guideline for the management of severe local anaesthetic (LA) toxicity, are tools designed to help users complete a task. Human factors experts recommend the use of simulation to iteratively test and re-design these tools. The purpose of this study was to apply human factors engineering principles to the testing and iterative re-design of three existing cognitive aids used for the management of severe LA toxicity and to use these data to develop a ‘new’ cognitive aid.MethodsTwenty anaesthetist–anaesthetic assistant pairs were randomised into four groups. Each of the first three groups received one of three different existing cognitive aids during a standardised simulated LA toxicity crisis. Postsimulation semistructured interviews were conducted to identify features beneficial and detrimental to the format and usability of the aid. Synthesis of the interview data with established checklist design recommendations resulted in a prototype aid, which was subjected to further testing and re-design by the fourth group (five more pairs) under the same conditions thus creating the final iteration of the new aid.ResultsFeatures of the new aid included a single-stream flowchart structure, single-sided, large-font design with colour contrast, simplified instructions and no need for calculations. This simplified tool contains only the information users reported as essential for the immediate crisis management.ConclusionsUtilisation of formative usability testing and simulation-based user-centred design resulted in a visually very different cognitive aid and reinforces the importance of designing aids in the context in which they are to be used. Simplified tools may be more appropriate for use in emergencies but more detailed guidelines may be necessary for training, education and development of local standard operating procedures. Iterative simulation-based testing and re-design is likely to be of assistance when developing aids for other crises, and to eliminate design failure as a confounder when investigating the relationship between use of cognitive aids and performance.

scholarly journals Improving safety and reducing error in endoscopy: simulation training in human factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srivathsan Ravindran ◽  
Siwan Thomas-Gibson ◽  
Sam Murray ◽  
Eleanor Wood
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
In Situ Simulation ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Endoscopy Simulation ◽  
Patient Safety Incidents

Patient safety incidents occur throughout healthcare and early reports have exposed how deficiencies in ‘human factors’ have contributed to mortality in endoscopy. Recognising this, in the UK, the Joint Advisory Group for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy have implemented a number of initiatives including the ‘Improving Safety and Reducing Error in Endoscopy’ (ISREE) strategy. Within this, simulation training in human factors and Endoscopic Non-Technical Skills (ENTS) is being developed. Across healthcare, simulation training has been shown to improve team skills and patient outcomes. Although the literature is sparse, integrated and in situ simulation modalities have shown promise in endoscopy. Outcomes demonstrate improved individual and team performance and development of skills that aid clinical practice. Additionally, the use of simulation training to detect latent errors in the working environment is of significant value in reducing error and preventing harm. Implementation of simulation training at local and regional levels can be successfully achieved with collaboration between organisational, educational and clinical leads. Nationally, simulation strategies are a key aspect of the ISREE strategy to improve ENTS training. These may include integration of simulation into current training or development of novel simulation-based curricula. However used, it is evident that simulation training is an important tool in developing safer endoscopy.

Modeling the Effects of Behavior Moderators for Simulation-Based Human Factors Design

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 784-788
Author(s):  
W. Scott Neal Reilly ◽  
John Bachman ◽  
Karen A. Harper ◽  
Stephen Marotta ◽  
Jonathan Pfautz
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Production Rules ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
Significant Safety ◽  
Simulated Environments ◽  
Simulation Based

Designing systems, interfaces, procedures and artifacts in simulated environments before they are developed and deployed has the potential to greatly decrease the costs of design and development and, in some cases, can provide significant safety advantages. Creating realistic models of humans is an important aspect of the modeling problem, but existing models tend to model typical humans and fail to account for the significant differences seen from person to person or even by the same person in different circumstances. In the modeling literature, models of the factors that lead to such differences (including personality, affect, training, etc.) are typically called behavior moderators or performance moderators. This paper describes the MINDS (Modeling INdividual Differences and Stressors) project, which builds on previous work in behavior moderator modeling by supporting richer representations of moderators, moderator dynamics, and moderator interactions and by providing moderator-integration approaches for common behavior-modeling technologies, including production rules, fuzzy logic, and Bayesian networks. We provide a demonstration scenario from a military-operation domain.

scholarly journals Nonstationary weather and water extremes: a review of methods for their detection, attribution, and management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise J. Slater ◽  
Bailey Anderson ◽  
Marcus Buechel ◽  
Simon Dadson ◽  
Shasha Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Record Length ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Wind Storms ◽  
Nonstationary Sources

Abstract. Hydroclimatic extremes such as intense rainfall, floods, droughts, heatwaves, and wind/storms have devastating effects each year. One of the key challenges for society is understanding how these extremes are evolving and likely to unfold beyond their historical distributions under the influence of multiple drivers such as changes in climate, land cover, and other human factors. Methods for analysing hydroclimatic extremes have advanced considerably in recent decades. Here we provide a review of the drivers, metrics and methods for the detection, attribution, prediction and projection of nonstationary hydroclimatic extremes. We discuss issues and uncertainty associated with these approaches (e.g arising from insufficient record length, spurious nonstationarities, or incomplete representation of nonstationary sources in modelling frameworks), examine empirical and simulation-based frameworks for analysis of nonstationary extremes, and identify gaps for future research.

Human Factors Challenges in After-Action Reviews in Distributed Simulation-Based Training

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (25) ◽  
pp. 2145-2148
Author(s):  
William J. Salter ◽  
Susannah Hoch ◽  
Jared Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Distributed Simulation ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Automated Data Collection ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
After Action Reviews

This paper discusses human factors issues in designing methods to develop and deliver After Action Reviews (AARs) in the Navy-sponsored Debriefing Distributed Simulation-Based Exercises (DDSBE) research program. DDSBE is intended to develop and test methods for collecting, analyzing, presenting, and distributing performance data in the emerging Navy distributed simulation training environment. In addition to research-driven AAR design, the program includes considerable software development: building a simulation testbed, developing and integrating automated and semi-automated data collection tools, and designing and implementing automated analysis methods. Considerable data will be collected automatically. Consequently, trainers will not be required to observe an aspect of performance to include it in an AAR. Although AARs are used after actual military actions and after live training, we confine our discussion to distributed simulation-based training, the focus of DDSBE.

scholarly journals Smart agent system for insulin infusion protocol management: a simulation-based human factors evaluation study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjqs-2020-011420
Author(s):  
Michael A Rosen ◽  
Mark Romig ◽  
Zoe Demko ◽  
Noah Barasch ◽  
Cynthia Dwyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Academic Medical Centre ◽  
System P ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Insulin Infusion Protocol ◽  
Initial Starting ◽  
Infusion Protocol

ObjectiveTo compare the insulin infusion management of critically ill patients by nurses using either a common standard (ie, human completion of insulin infusion protocol steps) or smart agent (SA) system that integrates the electronic health record and infusion pump and automates insulin dose selection.DesignA within subjects design where participants completed 12 simulation scenarios, in 4 blocks of 3 scenarios each. Each block was performed with either the manual standard or the SA system. The initial starting condition was randomised to manual standard or SA and alternated thereafter.SettingA simulation-based human factors evaluation conducted at a large academic medical centre.SubjectsTwenty critical care nurses.InterventionsA systems engineering intervention, the SA, for insulin infusion management.MeasurementsThe primary study outcomes were error rates and task completion times. Secondary study outcomes were perceived workload, trust in automation and system usability, all measured with previously validated scales.Main resultsThe SA system produced significantly fewer dose errors compared with manual calculation (17% (n=20) vs 0, p<0.001). Participants were significantly faster, completing the protocol using the SA system (p<0.001). Overall ratings of workload for the SA system were significantly lower than with the manual system (p<0.001). For trust ratings, there was a significant interaction between time (first or second exposure) and the system used, such that after their second exposure to the two systems, participants had significantly more trust in the SA system. Participants rated the usability of the SA system significantly higher than the manual system (p<0.001).ConclusionsA systems engineering approach jointly optimised safety, efficiency and workload considerations.

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