Modeling the Effects of Behavior Moderators for Simulation-Based Human Factors Design

Designing systems, interfaces, procedures and artifacts in simulated environments before they are developed and deployed has the potential to greatly decrease the costs of design and development and, in some cases, can provide significant safety advantages. Creating realistic models of humans is an important aspect of the modeling problem, but existing models tend to model typical humans and fail to account for the significant differences seen from person to person or even by the same person in different circumstances. In the modeling literature, models of the factors that lead to such differences (including personality, affect, training, etc.) are typically called behavior moderators or performance moderators. This paper describes the MINDS (Modeling INdividual Differences and Stressors) project, which builds on previous work in behavior moderator modeling by supporting richer representations of moderators, moderator dynamics, and moderator interactions and by providing moderator-integration approaches for common behavior-modeling technologies, including production rules, fuzzy logic, and Bayesian networks. We provide a demonstration scenario from a military-operation domain.

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Modeling the effects of behavior moderators for simulation-based human factors design

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e577922012-002 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

W. Scott Neal Reilly ◽

John Bachman ◽

Karen A. Harper ◽

Stephen Marotta ◽

Jonathan Pfautz

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Simulation Based

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Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Environments: Demonstrations of Current Technologies and Future Directions

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 2119-2123

Author(s):

Sarah Beadle ◽

Randall Spain ◽

Benjamin Goldberg ◽

Mahdi Ebnali ◽

Shannon Bailey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Augmented Reality ◽

Human Factors ◽

Virtual Environments ◽

Medical Training ◽

Risk Environment ◽

Future Directions ◽

Simulated Environments ◽

Interactive Session ◽

Immersive Technologies

Virtual environments and immersive technologies are growing in popularity for human factors purposes. Whether it is training in a low-risk environment or using simulated environments for testing future automated vehicles, virtual environments show promise for the future of our field. The purpose of this session is to have current human factors practitioners and researchers demonstrate their immersive technologies. This is the eighth iteration of the “Me and My VE” interactive session. Presenters in this session will provide a brief introduction of their virtual reality, augmented reality, or virtual environment work before engaging with attendees in an interactive demonstration period. During this period, the presenters will each have a multimedia display of their immersive technology as well as discuss their work and development efforts. The selected demonstrations cover issues of designing immersive interfaces, military and medical training, and using simulation to better understand complex tasks. This includes a mix of government, industry, and academic-based work. Attendees will be virtually immersed in the technologies and research presented allowing for interaction with the work being done in this field.

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Development of Intelligent Effort Estimation Model Based on Fuzzy Logic Using Bayesian Networks

Communications in Computer and Information Science - Software Engineering, Business Continuity, and Education ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-27207-3_9 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 74-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jahangir Khan ◽

Zubair A. Shaikh ◽

Abou Bakar Nauman

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Bayesian Networks ◽

Effort Estimation ◽

Estimation Model ◽

Model Based

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P65 Using simulation-based learning to provide an introduction to human factors

10.1136/bmjstel-2019-aspihconf.165 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Prateek Nalwaya ◽

Gregory Oxenham ◽

Luke McGeoch ◽

Philippa Clery ◽

Emma Sewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Simulation Based

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Management of the deteriorating adult patient: does simulation-based education improve patient safety?

British Journal of Hospital Medicine ◽

10.12968/hmed.2021.0293 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jacqueline Bennion ◽

Stephanie K Mansell

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Adult Patient ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Improve Patient Safety ◽

Low Grade ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Educational Method ◽

Simulation Based ◽

The Impact

Failure to recognise the deteriorating patient can cause severe harm and is related to preventable death. Human factors are often identified as contributing factors. Simulation-based education is used to develop clinicians' human factors skills. This article discusses the evidence concerning the efficacy of simulation-based education for improving the recognition and management of the acutely deteriorating adult patient, and the limitations of simulation-based education. Findings demonstrated simulation-based education was the most effective educational method identified for training staff in recognising unwell patients. The evidence demonstrating the impact of simulation-based education on patient outcomes was equivocal. The quality of the evidence was low grade regarding the efficacy of simulation-based education on human factors. Further research is required to confirm the efficacy of simulation-based education for human factors and patient outcomes.

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Using simulation to iteratively test and re-design a cognitive aid for use in the management of severe local anaesthetic toxicity

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning ◽

10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000221 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 4-12

Author(s):

Catherine A McIntosh ◽

David Donnelly ◽

Robert Marr

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Local Anaesthetic ◽

Human Factors Engineering ◽

Cognitive Aids ◽

Local Standard ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Semistructured Interviews ◽

Font Design ◽

And Performance ◽

Education And Development

IntroductionCognitive aids, such as a guideline for the management of severe local anaesthetic (LA) toxicity, are tools designed to help users complete a task. Human factors experts recommend the use of simulation to iteratively test and re-design these tools. The purpose of this study was to apply human factors engineering principles to the testing and iterative re-design of three existing cognitive aids used for the management of severe LA toxicity and to use these data to develop a ‘new’ cognitive aid.MethodsTwenty anaesthetist–anaesthetic assistant pairs were randomised into four groups. Each of the first three groups received one of three different existing cognitive aids during a standardised simulated LA toxicity crisis. Postsimulation semistructured interviews were conducted to identify features beneficial and detrimental to the format and usability of the aid. Synthesis of the interview data with established checklist design recommendations resulted in a prototype aid, which was subjected to further testing and re-design by the fourth group (five more pairs) under the same conditions thus creating the final iteration of the new aid.ResultsFeatures of the new aid included a single-stream flowchart structure, single-sided, large-font design with colour contrast, simplified instructions and no need for calculations. This simplified tool contains only the information users reported as essential for the immediate crisis management.ConclusionsUtilisation of formative usability testing and simulation-based user-centred design resulted in a visually very different cognitive aid and reinforces the importance of designing aids in the context in which they are to be used. Simplified tools may be more appropriate for use in emergencies but more detailed guidelines may be necessary for training, education and development of local standard operating procedures. Iterative simulation-based testing and re-design is likely to be of assistance when developing aids for other crises, and to eliminate design failure as a confounder when investigating the relationship between use of cognitive aids and performance.

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Getting to Grips with Behavioural Bias

Advances in IT Personnel and Project Management - Handbook of Research on Leveraging Risk and Uncertainties for Effective Project Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1790-0.ch011 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 220-247

Author(s):

Geoff Trickey

Keyword(s):

Project Management ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Human Factors ◽

Employee Participation ◽

Workplace Safety ◽

Project Managers ◽

Mutual Trust ◽

Bottom Line ◽

Technical Advances ◽

Assessment Techniques

The author discusses whether the impressive progress achieved by technical advances in project management have been stalled by failure to make similar advances in addressing the Human Factors. This imbalance may, he believes, be contributing to challenges being widely experienced in dealing with a residual ‘rump' of workplace safety incidents, for example. He argues that ever tightening the controls and micro-managing workplace behaviour or pursuing zero safety incidents can be counterproductive both for compliance and for the bottom line. Professional, regulatory and standards bodies increasingly emphasise the importance of employee participation and risk leadership in achieving the mutual trust and respect necessary for objectives to be fully realised. He advises that project managers need to appreciate distinctive and deeply rooted individual differences in the behavioural dispositions of individual employees and proposes that readily available assessment techniques that address these issues should be added to their toolkit.

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Non-technical skills and otolaryngology: systematic review

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215120000900 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 134 (5) ◽

pp. 415-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R Bannon ◽

K E Stewart ◽

M Bannister

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Technical Skills ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Future Research ◽

Skill Levels ◽

Simulated Environments ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Randomised Controlled

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the published literature on non-technical skills in otolaryngology surgery and examine the applicability of any research to others’ practice, and to explore how the published literature can identify areas for further development and guide future research.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the following key words: ‘otolaryngology’, ‘otorhinolaryngology’, ‘ENT’, ‘ENT surgery’, ‘ear, nose and throat surgery’, ‘head and neck surgery’, ‘thyroid surgery’, ‘parathyroid surgery’, ‘otology’, ‘rhinology’, ‘laryngology’ ‘skull base surgery’, ‘airway surgery’, ‘non-technical skills’, ‘non technical skills for surgeons’, ‘NOTSS’, ‘behavioural markers’ and ‘behavioural assessment tool’.ResultsThree publications were included in the review – 1 randomised, controlled trial and 2 cohort studies – involving 78 participants. All were simulation-based studies involving training otolaryngology surgeons.ConclusionLittle research has been undertaken on non-technical skills in otolaryngology. Training surgeons’ non-technical skill levels are similar across every tested aspect. The research already performed can guide further studies, particularly amongst non-training otolaryngology surgeons and in both emergency and elective non-simulated environments.

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