Environmental Influences on Drug Refusal Intention and Drug Use of Chinese Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Lian ◽  
Danhua Lin ◽  
Guoliang Zhong ◽  
Shaobing Su
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Drug Refusal

Investigating genetic and environmental contributions to adolescent externalizing behavior in a collectivistic culture: a multi-informant twin study

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1989-1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Yu ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
X. Li ◽  
M. McGue
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Teacher Report Form

BackgroundLittle is known about the etiology of adolescents’ externalizing behavior (Ext) in collectivistic cultures. We aimed to fill this gap by investigating the genetic and environmental influences on Ext in Chinese adolescents. The etiological heterogeneity of aggression (AGG) and rule breaking (RB) was also examined.MethodThe study sample included 908 pairs of same-sex twins aged from 10 to 18 years (mean = 13.53 years, s.d. = 2.26). Adolescents’ Ext were assessed with the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment including Child Behavior Checklist, Teacher Report Form, and Youth Self-Report.ResultsUnivariate genetic analyses showed that genetic influences on all measures were moderate ranging from 34% to 50%, non-shared environmental effects ranged from 23% to 52%, and shared environmental effects were significant in parent- and teacher-reported measures ranging from 29% to 43%. Bivariate genetic analyses indicated that AGG and RB shared large genetic influences (rg = 0.64–0.79) but moderate non-shared environmental factors (re = 0.34–0.52).ConclusionsChinese adolescents’ Ext was moderately influenced by genetic factors. AGG and RB had moderate independent genetic and non-shared environmental influences, and thus constitute etiologically distinct dimensions within Ext in Chinese adolescents. The heritability of AGG, in particular, was smaller in Chinese adolescents than suggested by previous data obtained on Western peers. This study suggests that the collectivistic cultural values and Confucianism philosophy may attenuate genetic potential in Ext, especially AGG.

scholarly journals Adolescent Misconduct Behaviors

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie S. Tisak ◽  
John Tisak ◽  
Yiwei Chen ◽  
Qijuan Fang ◽  
Erin R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Chinese Parents ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Use Categories

The primary goal of the current study was to examine cultural differences in Chinese and U.S. adolescents’ and parents’ perceptions and evaluations of adolescent misconduct behaviors. A total of 395 U.S. and Chinese adolescents (ages 11-19 years) and 255 parents participated in this study. Each participant generated adolescent misconduct behaviors and rated each misconduct behavior as to the degree of wrongness. The misconduct behaviors were coded into 10 categories across three themes (moral offenses, drugs, and conventions). Results revealed significant cultural differences in a number of adolescent misconduct behaviors. For example, the United States generated more misconduct behaviors in weapon offenses and drug use than did China. These cultural differences were further complicated by an interaction between culture and generation. Chinese adolescents were more likely than U.S. adolescents to use categories of school, home, and social conventional violations, and considered these adolescent misconduct behaviors to be more wrong. However, it was the U.S. parents who considered adolescent misconduct behaviors in these categories to be more wrong than did Chinese parents.

scholarly journals Gendered Perceptions of Drugs, Aggression, and Violence

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2292-2312
Author(s):  
Susana Helm ◽  
Scott K. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
School Students ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Drug Refusal ◽  
Refusal Strategies

Drug use has been linked empirically with aggression and violence among youth in national and State of Hawai‘i samples. In addition, aggression and violence appear to be gendered experiences perceived differently by girls and boys. This article explores the intersection of drug offers/drug refusals with aggression and violence with specific attention paid to gendered perceptions of drug use situations as a context for aggression and violence. A qualitative study, in which 14 sex-specific focus group discussions were held, focused on rural Native Hawaiian middle school students ( N = 64). Students were asked to discuss drug refusal strategies in a variety of drug offer contexts. Feminist theories and approaches were used to examine the role of aggression and violence in drug refusal as perceived by Native Hawaiian girls as compared with boys. Girls and boys differed in their perceptions of aggression and violence in drug offer situations, initially as evidenced by the extent to which the girl groups focused on the intersection of drugs and violence. Furthermore, qualitative analyses reflected gender norms and stereotypes about aggression and violence perpetration, and girls’ apparently unique concerns about sexual violence victimization. Implications are discussed in terms of prevention research and practice, specifically in terms of school-based prevention curricula.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Influences on Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Xinying Li ◽  
Misaki N. Natsuaki ◽  
Leslie D. Leve ◽  
Gordon T. Harold
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Chinese Adolescents
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