Parent and Adolescent Depression: The Role of Parental Attributions

The Genesis 12–19 (G1219) Study is an ongoing longitudinal study of a sample of UK twin pairs, non-twin sibling pairs, and their parents. G1219 was initially designed to examine the role of gene–environment interplay in adolescent depression. However, since then data have continued to be collected from both parents and their offspring into young adulthood. This has allowed for longitudinal analyses of depression and has enabled researchers to investigate multiple phenotypes and to ask questions about intermediate mechanisms. The study has primarily focused on emotional development, particularly depression and anxiety, which have been assessed at multiple levels of analysis (symptoms, cognitions, and relevant environmental experiences). G1219 has also included assessment of a broader range of psychological phenotypes ranging from antisocial behaviors and substance use to sleep difficulties, in addition to multiple aspects of the environment. DNA has also been collected. The first wave of data collection began in the year 1999 and the fifth wave of data collection will be complete before the end of 2012. In this article, we describe the sample, data collection, and measures used. We also summarize some of the key findings to date.

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Knowledge gain and usage of knowledge learned during internet-based CBT treatment for adolescent depression - a qualitative study

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02833-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Matilda Berg ◽

Anna Malmquist ◽

Alexander Rozental ◽

Naira Topooco ◽

Gerhard Andersson

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Depression ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Adherence Rate ◽

Knowledge Gain ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Behavioural Treatment ◽

Cognitive Behavioural ◽

Present Life

Abstract Background The role of explicit learning of treatment content in internet-based cognitive-behavioural treatment (ICBT) is an emerging field of research. The objective of this study was to explore clients experiences of their ICBT treatment for depression with a focus on knowledge gain and usage of knowledge learned during treatment. Methods A strategic sample of ten adolescents, aged between 15 and 19 years, who had received ICBT for major depression within a clinical controlled trial were recruited for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted 6 months following trial completion. Data were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The participants had a general adherence rate of 6–8 opened modules out of 8 possible. Results Two main themes were identified; “Active agents of CBT” and “Passive agents of CBT”, with each theme consisting of three and two sub-themes. Active agents of CBT reflect a tendency to specifically remember and actively apply specific CBT principles in present life situations. Passive agents of CBT reflect a tendency to remember CBT treatment principles vaguely and express a passive or reactive usage of learned therapy content. Conclusion The findings suggest that young clients can remember and apply CBT principles 6 months after their treatment. However, while experiencing benefits of treatment, clients recall and application of treatment strategies vary. The study emphasizes the importance of exploring client recall of CBT components and how valuable it is to explicitly remember contents of a treatment in order to improve and maintain improvement. Further studies on the role of knowledge and memory of ICBT for adolescent populations are warranted.

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What Role Does the Prefrontal Cortex Play in the Processing of Negative and Positive Stimuli in Adolescent Depression?

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci9050104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Siyabend Kaya ◽

Ciara McCabe

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Small Sample ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Small Sample Sizes ◽

Positive Stimuli ◽

Larger Sample ◽

Negative Stimuli

This perspective describes the contribution of the prefrontal cortex to the symptoms of depression in adolescents and specifically the processing of positive and negative information. We also discuss how the prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and connectivity during tasks and at rest might be a biomarker for risk for depression onset in adolescents. We include some of our recent work examining not only the anticipation and consummation of positive and negative stimuli, but also effort to gain positive and avoid negative stimuli in adolescents with depression. We find, using region of interest analyses, that the PFC is blunted in those with depression compared to controls across the different phases but in a larger sample the PFC is blunted in the anticipatory phase of the study only. Taken together, in adolescents with depression there is evidence for dysfunctional PFC activity across different studies and tasks. However, the data are limited with small sample sizes and inconsistent findings. Larger longitudinal studies with more detailed assessments of symptoms across the spectrum are needed to further evaluate the role of the PFC in adolescent depression.

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The Moderating Role of Child Maltreatment in Treatment Efficacy for Adolescent Depression

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology ◽

10.1007/s10802-020-00682-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (10) ◽

pp. 1351-1365

Author(s):

Sheree L. Toth ◽

Elizabeth D. Handley ◽

Jody Todd Manly ◽

Robin Sturm ◽

Tangeria R. Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Child Maltreatment ◽

Treatment Efficacy ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Moderating Role

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Parental threats and adolescent depression: The role of emotion dysregulation

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2019.04.009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 276 ◽

pp. 18-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Erika S. Trent ◽

Andres G. Viana ◽

Elizabeth M. Raines ◽

Emma C. Woodward ◽

Eric A. Storch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Adolescent Depression

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Internet addiction, adolescent depression, and the mediating role of life events: Finding from a sample of Chinese adolescents

International Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1002/ijop.12063 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 342-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Linsheng Yang ◽

Liang Sun ◽

Zhihua Zhang ◽

Yehuan Sun ◽

Hongyan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Chinese Adolescents ◽

Mediating Role

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Early-life adversity and adolescent depression: mechanisms involving the ventral striatum

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852914000674 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 337-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Bonnie Goff ◽

Nim Tottenham

Keyword(s):

Neural Development ◽

Early Life ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Ventral Striatum ◽

Reward Processing ◽

Limbic Structure ◽

Early Life Adversity ◽

Reward Circuitry ◽

Established Risk Factor

Early-life adversity is a well-established risk factor for the development of depression later in life. Here we discuss the relationship between early-life adversity and depression, focusing specifically on effects of early-life caregiver deprivation on alterations in the neural and behavioral substrates of reward-processing. We also examine vulnerability to depression within the context of sensitive periods of neural development and the timing of adverse exposure. We further review the development of the ventral striatum, a limbic structure implicated in reward processing, and its role in depressive outcomes following early-life adversity. Finally, we suggest a potential neurobiological mechanism linking early-life adversity and altered ventral striatal development. Together these findings may help provide further insight into the role of reward circuitry dysfunction in psychopathological outcomes in both clinical and developmental populations.

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Parent and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: The Role of Parental Attributions

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology ◽

10.1007/s10802-008-9264-2 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Mandy Chen ◽

Charlotte Johnston ◽

Lisa Sheeber ◽

Craig Leve

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Parental Attributions ◽

Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

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Cyberbullying Victimization and Adolescent Depression: The Mediating Role of Psychological Security and the Moderating Role of Growth Mindset

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17124368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 4368 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gengfeng Niu ◽

Jing He ◽

Shanyan Lin ◽

Xiaojun Sun ◽

Claudio Longobardi

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Depression ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Growth Mindset ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Chinese Version ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Cyberbullying Victimization ◽

Moderating Role

The objective of this study was to examine the mechanisms (the mediating role of psychological security and the moderating role of growth mindset) underlying the association between cyberbullying victimization and depression among adolescents. A sample of 755 adolescents (Mage = 13.35 ± 1.02; 373 boys) was recruited from two junior high schools, and the participants were asked to voluntarily complete a set of measures, including the cyberbullying victimization subscale in the Chinese version of the Cyberbullying Inventory, the Chinese version of the Security Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Growth Mindset Inventory. The results indicated that: (1) cyberbullying victimization was positively associated with depression through the mediating effect of psychological security and (2) both the direct association between cyberbullying victimization and depression and the indirect association through the mediating effect of psychological security were moderated by growth mindset. Specifically, growth mindset could significantly alleviate the adverse effects of cyberbullying victimization on psychological security and on depression. These findings not only shed light on the mechanisms linking cyberbullying victimization to depression among adolescents, but also provide an empirical basis for formulating prevention and/or intervention programs aimed at reducing depression levels and the negative influences of cyberbullying victimization among adolescents.

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