Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children

Abstract Background : This study aimed to develop and validate a Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FNLQ-SC). Methods : A comprehensive literature review and a qualitative study were initially performed to identify food and nutrition literacy dimensions and core components. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4359 school-age children, and the junior middle school students were used to analyze the reliability and validity (n=2452). The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by internal consistency. The construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the content validity was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : By literature review and qualitative methods, 19 core components of FNLQ-SC were developed, including five dimensions of food and nutrition knowledge, the ability of access, selection, preparing of food and healthy eating. The overall FNLQ-SC questionnaire had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.698). The exploratory factor analysis of skill components extracted 5 factors which were included in the conceptual framework, but a little different model, and cumulative contribution of variance accounted to 50.60％. The commonality was more than 0.20 for all components. The Pearson correlation coefficients between dimensions and total questionnaire were from 0.370 to 0.877. For all 4395 students, the average FNLQ-SC score of all participants was 61.91 ± 9.22, the score of knowledge and understanding was higher than that of skill dimensions. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated not only the social demographic characteristics (girls, only child, non-resident in school, urban registered permanent residence, in a more affluent family, and cared by their parents/grandparents with a higher education level), but also the home food environment were the predictors of food and nutrition literacy in school-age children (R 2 =0.226, F =81.401, P <0.05). Conclusion : The developed Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire (FNLQ-SC) had good reliability, and it could potentially be a useful instrument for assessing food and nutrition literacy for Chinese school-age children.

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Relationships of Family Food Environment with Food and Nutrition Literacy in Chinese School-Age Children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32377/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Niuniu Li ◽

Xiao Su ◽

Tan Liu ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Wenli Zhu

Keyword(s):

Food Environment ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Information Management System ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Chinese School ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Family Food Environment

Abstract Background Eating behavior is influenced by multiple factors and understanding the interplay of these factors is necessary to promote children’s healthy food choices. This study investigated the relations of family food environment (FFE) factors with food and nutrition literacy (FNL) in Chinese school-age children.Methods A total of 605 children aged 7 ~ 13 years from grade 1 to 5, and their caregivers participated in the cross-sectional study in Beijing of China during April 2019. The FFE was assessed by the validated Family Food Environment Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FFEQ-SC). For the children of grade 3 to 5 (n = 260), the FNL, including cognitive and skill domains, was assessed by Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FNLQ-SC). Both FFEQ-SC and FNLQ-SC were developed firstly for Chinese school-age children and had good reliability. The anthropometric data (height and weight) was derived from local health information management system for primary schools.Results Overall, 68.9% of the children’s families had higher level of FFE. The total FNL score of 260 children from grade 3–5 was 63.23 ± 10.32. Comparison of children’s FNL score among different levels of FFE showed the children with higher level of FFE, especially higher level of caregiver’s educational degree and FNL, were more likely to have significant higher FNL scores (P < 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed the children’s total FNL score was significantly related with family caregiver (β= -0.123, P = 0.04) and caregiver’s nutritional literacy (β = 0.210, P = 0.002). Furthermore, the children with higher level of caregiver’s nutritional knowledge were less likely to be overweight or obesity (OR = 0.043, P = 0.04).Conclusions and Implications: Family food environment, especially caregivers’ FNL, were significantly related with children’s FNL, even the risk of overweight. These findings highlight the importance of targeting nutritional knowledge of family caregivers to facilitate the children’s FNL to maintain good health.

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Relationships of Family food environment with food and nutrition literacy in Chinese school-age children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32377/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Niuniu Li ◽

Xiao Su ◽

Tan Liu ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Wenli Zhu

Keyword(s):

Food Environment ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Information Management System ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Chinese School ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Family Food Environment

Abstract Background: Eating behavior is inﬂuenced by multiple factors and understanding the interplay of these factors is necessary to promote children’s healthy food choice. This study investigated the relations of family food environment (FFE) with food and nutrition literacy (FNL) in Chinese school-age children.Methods: A total of 605 children aged 7-13 years from Grade 1 to 5, and their caregivers participated in the cross-sectional study in Beijing of China during April 2019. The FFE was assessed by the validated Family Food Environment Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FFEQ-SC). For the children of Grade 3 to 5 (n=260), the FNL, including cognitive and skill domains, was assessed by Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FNLQ-SC). Both FFEQ-SC and FNLQ-SC were developed firstly for Chinese school-age children who had good reliability. The anthropometric data (height and weight) was derived from local health information management system for primary schools.Results: Overall, 68.9% of the children’s families had high level of FFE. The total FNL score of 260 children at Grade 3-5 was 63.2±10.3. Comparison of children’s FNL scores among different levels of FFE showed the children with higher level of FFE, especially higher level of caregiver’s educational degree and FNL, were more likely to have higher FNL scores (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed the children’s total FNL score was significantly related with family caregiver (β= -0.123, P=0.04) and caregiver’s nutritional literacy (β= 0.210, P=0.002). Furthermore, the children with higher level of caregiver’s nutritional knowledge were less likely to be overweighted or obesese (OR=0.043, P=0.04).Conclusions: Family food environment, especially caregivers’ FNL, was related with children’s FNL, even the risk of overweight. These findings highlight the importance of targeting nutritional knowledge of family caregivers to facilitate the children’s FNL to maintain good health.

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Development and validation of a food and nutrition literacy questionnaire for Chinese school-age children

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0244197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0244197

Author(s):

Tan Liu ◽

Xiao Su ◽

Niuniu Li ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Guansheng Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Literature Review ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Chinese School ◽

Core Components ◽

Skill Dimensions

Background This study aimed to develop and validate the Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children (FNLQ-SC). Methods A comprehensive literature review and qualitative study were initially performed to identify the dimensions and core components of food and nutrition literacy. A cross-sectional survey of 4359 school-age children was conducted, and junior middle school students were used to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire (n = 2452). The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by internal consistency, the construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the content validity was assessed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results From the literature review and qualitative methods, 19 core components of the FNLQ-SC were developed, including one dimension of food and nutrition knowledge and understanding, and four skill dimensions (ability of access, selection, preparing food and healthy eating). The overall FNLQ-SC questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.698). The EFA of skill components extracted 5 factors that were included in the conceptual framework in a slightly different model, and the cumulative contribution of variance accounted for 50.60% of the overall variance. The CFA of skill components showed an acceptable fit in general and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.070 (between 0.50 to 0.80). The communality was greater than 0.20 for all components. The Pearson correlation coefficients between each dimension and the overall questionnaire ranged from 0.370 to 0.877. The average FNLQ-SC score of all 4395 participants was 61.91 ± 9.22, and the score for the knowledge and understanding dimension was higher than that for the skill dimensions. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that not only social demographic characteristics (being a girl, being an only child, living someplace other than at school, having an urban registered permanent residence status, being from an affluent family, and being cared for by parents/grandparents with a higher education level) but also the home food environment were predictors of food and nutrition literacy in school-age children (R2 = 0.226, F = 81.401, P<0.05). Conclusion The Food and Nutrition Literacy Questionnaire (FNLQ-SC) developed here had good reliability, and it can potentially be a useful instrument for assessing food and nutrition literacy among Chinese school-age children.

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Leisure-time physical activity, objective urban neighborhood built environment, and overweight and obesity of Chinese school-age children

Journal of Transport & Health ◽

10.1016/j.jth.2018.05.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 322-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Lin Lin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Built Environment ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Urban Neighborhood ◽

Chinese School ◽

Neighborhood Built Environment

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Trends in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Chinese School-Age Children and Adolescents from 2010 to 2015

Childhood Obesity ◽

10.1089/chi.2017.0309 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 182-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jing Zhang ◽

Xinyue Li ◽

Nicola Hawley ◽

Zhijie Zheng ◽

Zhen Zou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Chinese School

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Comparisons of Refractive Errors Between Twins and Singletons in Chinese School-Age Samples

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1375/twin.12.1.86 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 86-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yoon-Mi Hur ◽

Yingfeng Zheng ◽

Wenyong Huang ◽

Xiaohu Ding ◽

Mingguang He

Keyword(s):

Continuous Measurement ◽

Southern China ◽

Sampling Error ◽

Twin Studies ◽

School Age Children ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

School Age ◽

Premature Births ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Chinese School

AbstractStudies have reported that refractive errors are associated with premature births. As twins have higher prevalence of prematurity than singletons, it is important to assess similarity of the prevalence of refractive errors in twins and singletons for proper interpretations and generalizations of the findings from twin studies. We compared refractive errors and diopter hours between 561 pairs of twins and 3757 singletons who are representative of school-age children (7–15 years) residing in an urban area of southern China. We found that the means and variances of the continuous measurement of spherical equivalent refractive error and diopter hours were not significantly different between twins and singletons. Although the prevalence of myopia was comparable between twins and singletons, that of hyperopia and astigmatism was slightly but significantly higher in twins than in singletons. These results are inconsistent with those of adult studies that showed no differences in refractive errors between twins and singletons. Given that the sample size of twins is relatively small and that this study is the first to demonstrate minor differences in refractive errors between twins and singletons, future replications are necessary to determine whether the slightly higher prevalence of refractive errors in twins than in singletons found in this study was due to a sampling error or to the developmental delay often observed in twins in childhood.

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