Maternal effects in early development

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 276 (5683) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
Gillian M. Morriss
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects

Early development in mice: I. Genotype and post-natal maternal effects

1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Carlier ◽  
Pierre Roubertoux ◽  
Charles Cohen-Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects

scholarly journals Maternally derived hormones, neurosteroids and the development of behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1943) ◽  
pp. 20202467
Author(s):  
James C. Mouton ◽  
Renée A. Duckworth
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Developmental Neurobiology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Behavioural Phenotypes ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding

In a wide range of taxa, there is evidence that mothers adaptively shape the development of offspring behaviour by exposing them to steroids. These maternal effects have major implications for fitness because, by shaping early development, they can permanently alter how offspring interact with their environment. However, theory on parent–offspring conflict and recent physiological studies showing that embryos rapidly metabolize maternal steroids have placed doubt on the adaptive significance of these hormone-mediated maternal effects. Reconciling these disparate perspectives requires a mechanistic understanding of the pathways by which maternal steroids can influence neural development. Here, we highlight recent advances in developmental neurobiology and psychiatric pharmacology to show that maternal steroid metabolites can have direct neuro-modulatory effects potentially shaping the development of neural circuitry underlying ecologically relevant behavioural traits. The recognition that maternal steroids can act through a neurosteroid pathway has critical implications for our understanding of the ecology and evolution of steroid-based maternal effects. Overall, compared to the classic view, a neurosteroid mechanism may reduce the evolutionary lability of hormone-mediated maternal effects owing to increased pleiotropic constraints and frequently influence long-term behavioural phenotypes in offspring.

scholarly journals MATERNAL EFFECTS ON OFFSPRING SIZE: VARIATION THROUGH EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF CHINOOK SALMON

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Charles W. Fox ◽  
John W. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Offspring Size

Maternal Effects on Offspring Size: Variation Through Early Development of Chinook Salmon

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Charles W. Fox ◽  
John W. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Offspring Size

Assessing maternal effects on metabolic rate dynamics along early development in brown trout (Salmo trutta): an individual-based approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Régnier ◽  
Valérie Bolliet ◽  
Jacques Labonne ◽  
Philippe Gaudin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Individual differences, social attention, and the history of the social motivation hypotheses of autism

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract The stereotype of people with autism as unresponsive or uninterested in other people was prominent in the 1980s. However, this view of autism has steadily given way to recognition of important individual differences in the social-emotional development of affected people and a more precise understanding of the possible role social motivation has in their early development.

Classical social reward signatures in infants with later ASD

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Gliga ◽  
Mayada Elsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Reward ◽  
Socially Motivated

Abstract Autistic individuals can be socially motivated. We disagree with the idea that self-report is sufficient to understand their social drive. Instead, we underscore evidence for typical non-verbal signatures of social reward during the early development of autistic individuals. Instead of focusing on whether or not social motivation is typical, research should investigate the factors that modulate social drives.

Early Development of Drug-Induced Hepatic Necrosis

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki ◽  
E. Detzi ◽  
C. H. Keysser
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Microscopic Studies

This study represents the first in a series of investigations carried out to elucidate the mechanism(s) of early hepatocellular damage induced by drugs and other related compounds. During screening tests of CNS-active compounds in rats, it has been found that daily oral administration of one of these compounds at a dose level of 40 mg. per kg. of body weight induced diffuse massive hepatic necrosis within 7 weeks in Charles River Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes. Partial hepatectomy enhanced the development of this peculiar type of necrosis (3 weeks instead of 7) while treatment with phenobarbital prior to the administration of the drug delayed the appearance of necrosis but did not reduce its severity.Electron microscopic studies revealed that early development of this liver injury (2 days after the administration of the drug) appeared in the form of small dark osmiophilic vesicles located around the bile canaliculi of all hepatocytes (Fig. 1). These structures differed from the regular microbodies or the pericanalicular multivesicular bodies. They first appeared regularly rounded with electron dense matrix bound with a single membrane. After one week on the drug, these vesicles appeared vacuolated and resembled autophagosomes which soon developed whorls of concentric lamellae or cisterns characteristic of lysosomes (Fig. 2). These lysosomes were found, later on, scattered all over the hepatocytes.

The early development of antenna and antennal sensilla in the noctuid moth, Agrotis segetum (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Eric Hallberg ◽  
Lina Hansén
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
Standard Procedures

The antennal rudiments in lepidopterous insects are present as disks during the larval stage. The tubular double-walled antennal disk is present beneath the larval antenna, and its inner layer gives rise to the adult antenna during the pupal stage. The sensilla develop from a cluster of cells that are derived from one stem cell, which gives rise to both sensory and enveloping cells. During the morphogenesis of the sensillum these cells undergo major transformations, including cell death. In the moth Agrotis segetum the pupal stage lasts about 14 days (temperature, 25°C). The antennae, clearly seen from the exterior, were dissected and fixed according to standard procedures (3 % glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M cacaodylate buffer, followed by 1 % osmiumtetroxide in the same buffer). Pupae from day 1 to day 8, of both sexes were studied.

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