scholarly journals Thank you for not flowering: conservation genetics and gene flow analysis of native and non-native populations of Fraxinus (Oleaceae) in Ireland

Heredity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Thomasset ◽  
T R Hodkinson ◽  
G Restoux ◽  
N Frascaria-Lacoste ◽  
G C Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Native Populations

scholarly journals Hierarchical Analysis of Genetic Structure in Native Fire Ant Populations: Results From Three Classes of Molecular Markers

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G Ross ◽  
Michael J B Krieger ◽  
D DeWayne Shoemaker ◽  
Edward L Vargo ◽  
Laurent Keller
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Ant ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Nest Level ◽  
Nuclear Differentiation

We describe genetic structure at various scales in native populations of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta using two classes of nuclear markers, allozymes and microsatellites, and markers of the mitochondrial genome. Strong structure was found at the nest level in both the monogyne (single queen) and polygyne (multiple queen) social forms using allozymes. Weak but significant microgeographic structure was detected above the nest level in polygyne populations but not in monogyne populations using both classes of nuclear markers. Pronounced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation was evident also at this level in the polygyne form only. These microgeographic patterns are expected because polygyny in ants is associated with restricted local gene flow due mainly to limited vagility of queens. Weak but significant nuclear differentiation was detected between sympatric social forms, and strong mtDNA differentiation also was found at this level. Thus, queens of each form seem unable to establish themselves in nests of the alternate type, and some degree of assortative mating by form may exist as well. Strong differentiation was found between the two study regions usinga all three sets of markers. Phylogeographic analyses of the mtDNA suggest that recent limitations on gene flow rather than longstanding barriers to dispersal are responsible for this large-scale structure.

Conservation genetics and ecology of the endangered rainforest shrub, Triunia robusta, from the Sunshine Coast, Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Shapcott
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The Mean

Triunia robusta, which until recently was thought to be extinct, is now classified nationally as endangered. It is an understorey species restricted to the subcoastal rainforests in a small region of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland. The project involved sampling the genetic variation and measuring the population size and size distribution of T. robusta and its geographically closest congener T. youngiana, which occurs further south and has a wider geographic distribution. A total of 877 T. robusta plants were recorded across the 11 populations, approximately half (56.8%) of these were juveniles less than 1 m tall, whereas in T. youngiana only about 36.4% of a population was composed of juveniles. Genetic diversity was similar but significantly higher for T. robusta than T. youngiana if the very small T. robusta populations (2 or 3 plants) were excluded from analysis (P < 0.05). The mean percentage of polymorphic loci among populations was high for both species. Triunia robusta is not, on average, more inbred than the more common T. youngiana. There was more differentiation between the T. robusta populations, which were in close proximity, than between the more geographically separated T. youngiana populations. Thus, there is evidence of more gene flow between populations of T. youngiana than between those of T. robusta. However, there was no geographic relationship between genetic similarity and geographic proximity in T. robusta

Gene Flow Analysis of Molecular Markers Confirms That Phytophthora mirabilis and P. infestans Are Separate Species

Mycologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Goodwin ◽  
Daniel E. Legard ◽  
Christine D. Smart ◽  
Morris Levy ◽  
William E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Separate Species

Genetic Effects of Cultured Fish on Natural Fish Populations

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjetil Hindar ◽  
Nils Ryman ◽  
Fred Utter
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This paper addresses the genetic consequences of aquaculture on natural fish populations. The study is motivated by rapidly increasing numbers of intentionally and accidentally released fish and is based on empirical observations reported in the literature. A wide variety of outcomes, ranging from no detectable effect to complete introgression or displacement, has been observed following releases of cultured fish into natural settings. Where genetic effects on performance traits have been documented, they always appear to be negative in comparison with the unaffected native populations. These findings are consistent with theoretical considerations of the implications of elevated levels of gene flow between cultured and locally adapted natural populations; they raise concerns over the genetic future of many natural populations in the light of increasing numbers of released fish. Strategies for the genetic protection of native populations from the effects of aquaculture are outlined including more secure containment, the use of sterilized fish, and modifying the points of rearing and release. We recommend strong restrictions on gene flow from cultured to wild populations and effective monitoring of such gene flow.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and diversity analyses revealed that leek yellow stripe virus population consists of two types: S and N

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adyatma Irawan Santosa ◽  
Filiz Randa Zelyüt ◽  
Filiz Ertunç
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Leek Yellow Stripe Virus ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Strong Negative Selection ◽  
Other World ◽  
Yellow Stripe

Abstract Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV, Potyvirus), a pathogen affecting Allium spp. worldwide, has been suspected to consist of two types: S and N, based on genetic and host species differences. In this study, phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses were performed to P1 and CP regions of genome of global LYSV isolates to clarify the variation among members of S-type and N-type. Constructed phylogenetic trees clearly divided isolates into S-type and N-type, with N-type was further split into L and N groups, according to hosts. Significant nucleotide (nt) and amino acids (aa) sequence variation were observed on full ORF, P1, HC-Pro, P3, VPg coding regions. The dN/dS values of P1 and CP confirmed that both genes are under strong negative selection pressure. Neutrality tests on Eastern Asian isolates argued that ancestor of current LYSV isolates may had evolved with garlic while they were in Asia before spread to other world regions through garlic propagative materials. The genetic differentiation and gene flow analysis showed that there was very frequent gene flow from S-type to L and N groups and these phylogroups differentiated from each other over time. Host differences, substantial nt and aa variation, inconsistent serological test results, and phylogenetic and diversity analyses results highly suggested that LYSV can be separated into two types: S and N.

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