scholarly journals Comparison of rhizobacterial community composition in soil suppressive or conducive to tobacco black root rot disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kyselková ◽  
Jan Kopecký ◽  
Michele Frapolli ◽  
Geneviève Défago ◽  
Markéta Ságová-Marečková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Application of Bacillus pumilus isolates for management of black rot disease in strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Abd-El-Kareem ◽  
Ibrahim E. Elshahawy ◽  
Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Black root rot of strawberry plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, and Pythium sp. is a serious disease in Egypt. Biocontrol agents have frequently proved to possess paramount and safe tools against many diseases. The impact of soil treatments with 3 Bacillus pumilus isolates on black root rot disease of strawberry plants caused by R. solani, F., and Pythium sp. under laboratory and field conditions was examined herein on the commonly used ‘Festival’ strawberry cultivar. To increase the bacterial adhesion and distribution on the roots, each seedling was dipped in bacterial cell suspension at 1 × 108 colony-forming units/ml of each separate bacterial isolate for 30 min then mixed with 5% Arabic gum. Results The tested B. pumilus isolates significantly reduced the growth area of these 3 fungi. The two bacterial isolates Nos. 2 and 3 reduced the growth area by more than 85.2, 83.6, and 89.0% for R. solani, F. solani, and Pythium sp., respectively. Likewise, the 3 bacterial isolates significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inhibited the disease under field conditions. Isolates Nos. 2 and 3 suppressed the disease incidence by 64.4 and 68.9% and disease severity by 65.3 and 67.3%, respectively. The fungicide Actamyl had effect similar to that of the 2 isolates. B. pumilus isolates significantly enhanced growth parameters and yields of strawberry plants; isolates Nos. 2 and 3 raised the yield by 66.7 and 73.3%, respectively. Conclusions Bacillus pumilus isolates could effectively manage the black rot disease in strawberry herein. Due to the significant impact of the root rot disease on strawberry yield, B. pumilus should be further tested to manage the disease on strawberry on large scale in Egypt.

scholarly journals In-vitro compatibility assay of indigenous Trichoderma and Pseudomonas species and their antagonistic activities against black root rot disease (Fusarium solani) of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Dugassa ◽  
Tesfaye Alemu ◽  
Yitbarek Woldehawariat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivation is highly challenged by faba bean black root rot disease (Fusarium solani) in high lands of Ethiopia. To ensure sustainable production of faba beans, searching for eco-friendly disease management options is necessary to curb the progress of the disease timely. The indigenous biocontrol agents that suit local environments may effectively strive with in-situ microorganisms and suppress local pathogen strains. This study aimed to screen antagonistic indigenous compatible Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains against Fusarium solani. In the pathogenicity test, soil-filled pots were arranged in complete random block design and sown with health faba bean seeds. The effect of some fungicides was evaluated against Fusarium by food poisoning methods to compare with the biocontrol agents. The antagonistic efficacy of biocontrol agents and their compatibility was investigated on Potato dextrose agar medium. Results Fusarium solani AAUF51 strain caused an intense root rotting in faba bean plant. The effect of Mancozeb 80% WP at 300 ppm was comparable with Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains against Fusarium. The mycelial growth of test the pathogen was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced to 86.67 and 85.19% by Trichoderma harzianum AAUW1 and Trichoderma viridae AAUC22 strains in dual culture, respectively. The volatile metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31 (77.78%) found the most efficient in reducing mycelial growth of Fusarium followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 (71.11%) strains. The cell-free culture filtrates of Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31 were more efficient than the Trichoderma strain in reducing the growth of Fusarium isolates. There was no zone of inhibition recorded between Trichoderma harzianum AAUW1, Trichoderma viridae AAUC22, Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31, and Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 strains, hence they were mutually compatible. Conclusions The compatible Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains showed antagonistic potentiality that could be explored for faba bean protection against black root rot disease and might have a future dual application as biocontrol agents.

Effect of the Nicotiana debneyi black root rot resistance gene on the yield and quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in Ontario

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Haji ◽  
R. A. Brammall ◽  
D. L. VanHooren
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chalara Elegans ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Rot Disease

The effects of Nicotiana debneyi-derived resistance to black root rot disease were evaluated for yield, agronomic and quality traits by comparing the near isogenic cultivars AC Gayed (resistant) and Delgold (susceptible). Over 7 yr of trials the possession of resistance led to yields and economic returns that averaged 6 and 7% lower, respectively, than for the susceptible line. Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Nicotiana tabaccum, Black Root Rot, Chalara elegans, Nicotiana debneyi, yield, quality

scholarly journals Efficacy of soil solarization on black root rot disease and speculation on its leverage on nematodes and weeds of strawberry in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad ◽  
Ibrahim E. Elshahawy ◽  
Farid Abd-El-Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Solarization ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) is an economically important crop in Egypt. Yet complex black root rot disease of strawberry caused by Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, and Pythium sp. can cause considerable yield losses. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating different aspects of soil solarization against this disease. Such an evaluation would better be viewed in the context of other beneficial effects of soil solarization on nematodes and weeds. Materials/methods Growth agar disks, growth suspension, and resting stages of strawberry black root rot fungi were evaluated at different temperatures and exposure times using digital hot water bath. Cloth bags artificially infested with single fungal species were buried into the soil before soil solarization at soil depths of 1–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm at three spots of each plot for each of the abovementioned fungi for 3, 6, or 9 weeks. The disease incidence and severity in solarized and un-solarized soil was compared with the application of the fungicide Actamyl. Effects of soil solarization on nematodes and weeds were also consulted. Results The lethal temperature to F. solani, Pythium sp., and R. solani was 58, 58, and 56 °C, respectively when exposure time was 1 min. Chlamydospores were killed at 62 °C while sclerotia were killed at 58 °C in hot water for 1 min. Maximum soil temperature in solarized soil was raised by 15, 14, and 12 °C at depths of 1–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm as compared with non-solarized soil. Solarization for 3, 6, and 9 weeks significantly reduced the disease incidence and severity and increased the strawberry yield. Complete reduction in total count of all tested fungi was obtained after 9 weeks at all tested depths. A review of collective soil pest and pathogen control via solarization documented its beneficial application. Conclusion The study may exploit hot months in Egypt for soil solarization against the serious root rot disease either singly or in an integrated pest management program.

scholarly journals Strawberry Black Root Rot and Berry Yield Are Not Affected by Terbacil Herbicide

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1342
Author(s):  
Todd L. Mervosh ◽  
James A. LaMondia
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Field Plots

The effects of terbacil herbicide on strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. `Honeoye') yield and black root rot disease were determined in field plots at two locations in Connecticut over 4 years. Terbacil treatments at up to four times the maximum label dosage caused some temporary foliar chlorosis but did not affect the health of structural or perennial roots and associated feeder roots. Development of secondary root growth (perennial roots) was not influenced by terbacil. Terbacil had no effect on the quantity of lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb) Filip & Schur. Stek.] extracted or the amount of the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia fragariae Husain and McKeen isolated from strawberry roots. At both locations, R. fragariae was common on plant roots by the fourth year. Terbacil treatments did not affect strawberry yields in terms of number or weight of ripe berries per plot. Our results indicate that terbacil does not contribute to black root rot or decreased yields in `Honeoye' strawberry. Chemical name used: 5-chloro-3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-methyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (terbacil).

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