Marine methane paradox explained by bacterial degradation of dissolved organic matter

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 884-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Repeta ◽  
Sara Ferrón ◽  
Oscar A. Sosa ◽  
Carl G. Johnson ◽  
Lucas D. Repeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Degradation

scholarly journals Bioavailability and bacterial degradation rates of dissolved organic matter in a temperate coastal area during an annual cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lønborg ◽  
Keith Davidson ◽  
Xosé A. Álvarez–Salgado ◽  
Axel E.J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rates

scholarly journals Origin and fate of particulate and dissolved organic matter in a naturally iron-fertilized region of the Southern Ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 14097-14132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tremblay ◽  
J. Caparros ◽  
K. Leblanc ◽  
I. Obernosterer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Carbon Pump ◽  
Microbial Carbon

Abstract. Natural iron fertilization of high-nutrient low-chlorophyll (HNLC) waters induces annually occurring spring phytoplankton blooms off Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean). To examine the origin and fate of particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM and DOM), D- and L-amino acids (AA) were quantified at bloom and HNLC stations. Total hydrolysable AA accounted for 21–25% of surface particulate organic carbon (%POCAA) at the bloom sites, but for 10% at the HNLC site. A marked decrease in %POCAA with depth was observed at the most productive stations leading to values between 3 and 5% below 300 m depth. AA contributed to only 0.9–4.4% of dissolved organic carbon (%DOCAA) at all stations. The only consistent vertical trend was observed at the most productive station (A3-2) where %DOCAA decreased from ∼2% in the surface waters to 0.9% near 300 m. These AA yields and other markers revealed that POM and DOM were more rapidly altered or mineralized at the bloom sites compared to the HNLC site. Different molecular markers indicated that POM mostly originated from diatoms and bacteria. The estimated average proportion of POM from intact phytoplankton cells in surface waters was 45% at the bloom station A3-2, but 14% at the HNLC site. Estimates based on D-AA yields indicated that ∼15% of POM and ∼30% of DOM was of bacterial origin (cells and cell fragments) at all stations. Surprisingly, the DOM in HNLC waters appeared less altered than the DOM from the bloom, had slightly higher dissolved AA concentrations, and showed no sign of alteration within the water column. Unfavorable conditions for bacterial degradation in HNLC regions can explain these findings. In contrast, large inputs of labile organic molecules and iron, likely stimulate the degradation of organic matter (priming effect) and the production of more recalcitrant DOM (microbial carbon pump) during iron-fertilized blooms.

scholarly journals Formation of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter by Bacterial Degradation of Phytoplankton-Derived Aggregates

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna D. Kinsey ◽  
Gabrielle Corradino ◽  
Kai Ziervogel ◽  
Astrid Schnetzer ◽  
Christopher L. Osburn
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter

scholarly journals Decomposition of dissolved organic matter released by an isolate of Microcystis aeruginosa and morphological profile of the associated bacterial community

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
IC. Moreira ◽  
I. Bianchini Jr. ◽  
AAH. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Bacterial Density ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

This study concerns the kinetics of bacterial degradation of two fractions (molecular mass) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released by Microcystis aeruginosa. Barra Bonita Reservoir (SP, Brazil) conditions were simulated in the laboratory using the associated local bacterial community. The extent of degradation was quantified as the amount of organic carbon transferred from each DOM fraction (< 3 kDa and 3-30 kDa) to bacteria. The variation of bacteria morphotypes associated with the decomposition of each fraction was observed. To find the degradation rate constants (kT), the time profiles of the total, dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations were fitted to a first-order kinetic model. These rate constants were higher for the 3-30 kDa fraction than for the lighter fraction. Only in the latter fraction the formation of refractory dissolved organic carbon (DOC R) compounds could be detected and its rate of mass loss was low. The higher bacterial density was reached at 24 and 48 hours for small and higher fractions, respectively. In the first 48 hours of decomposition of both fractions, there was an early predominance of bacillus, succeeded by coccobacillus, vibrios and coccus, and from day 5 to 27, the bacterial density declined and there was greater evenness among the morphotypes. Both fractions of DOM were consumed rapidly, corroborating the hypothesis that DOM is readily available in the environment. This also suggests that the bacterial community in the inocula readily uses the labile part of the DOM, until this community is able to metabolise efficiently the remaining of DOM not degraded in the first moment. Given that M. aeruginosa blooms recur throughout the year in some eutrophic reservoirs, there is a constant supply of the same DOM which could maintain a consortium of bacterial morphotypes adapted to consuming this substrate.

Bacterial Degradation of Dissolved Organic Matter from Two Northern Michigan Streams

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Young ◽  
Patricia A. Maurice ◽  
Kathryn M. Docherty ◽  
Scott D. Bridgham
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Northern Michigan

scholarly journals Origin and fate of particulate and dissolved organic matter in a naturally iron-fertilized region of the Southern Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tremblay ◽  
J. Caparros ◽  
K. Leblanc ◽  
I. Obernosterer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Carbon Pump ◽  
Microbial Carbon

Abstract. Natural iron fertilization of high-nutrient low-chlorophyll (HNLC) waters induces annually occurring spring phytoplankton blooms off the Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean). To examine the origin and fate of particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM and DOM), D- and L-amino acids (AA) were quantified at bloom and HNLC stations. Total hydrolyzable AA accounted for 21–25% of surface particulate organic carbon (%POCAA) at the bloom sites, but for 10% at the HNLC site. A marked decrease in %POCAA with depth was observed at the most productive stations leading to values between 3 and 5% below 300 m depth. AA contributed to only 0.9–4.4% of dissolved organic carbon (%DOCAA) at all stations. The only consistent vertical trend was observed at the most productive station (A3-2) where %DOCAA decreased from ~ 2% in the surface waters to 0.9% near 300 m. These AA yields revealed that POM and DOM were more rapidly altered or mineralized at the bloom sites compared to the HNLC site. Alteration state was also assessed by trends in C / N ratio, %D-AA and degradation index. Different molecular markers indicated that POM mostly originated from diatoms and bacteria. The estimated average proportion of POM from intact phytoplankton cells in surface waters was 45% at the bloom station A3-2, but 14% at the HNLC site. Estimates based on D-AA yields indicated that ~ 15% of POM and ~ 30% of DOM was of bacterial origin (cells and cell fragments) at all stations. Surprisingly, the DOM in HNLC waters appeared less altered than the DOM from the bloom, had slightly higher dissolved AA concentrations, and showed no sign of alteration within the water column. Unfavorable conditions for bacterial degradation in HNLC regions can explain these findings. In contrast, large inputs of labile organic molecules and iron likely stimulate the degradation of organic matter (priming effect) and the production of more recalcitrant DOM (microbial carbon pump) during iron-fertilized blooms.

scholarly journals Effect of catchment land use and soil type on the concentration, quality, and bacterial degradation of riverine dissolved organic matter

AMBIO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iida Autio ◽  
Helena Soinne ◽  
Janne Helin ◽  
Eero Asmala ◽  
Laura Hoikkala
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Bacterial Degradation

scholarly journals Land-based salmon aquacultures change the quality and bacterial degradation of riverine dissolved organic matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Kamjunke ◽  
Jorge Nimptsch ◽  
Mourad Harir ◽  
Peter Herzsprung ◽  
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Degradation

scholarly journals Bacterial degradation of dissolved organic matter released by Planktothrix agardhii (Cyanobacteria)

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Tessarolli ◽  
I. L. Bagatini ◽  
I. Bianchini-Jr. ◽  
A. A. H. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Planktothrix Agardhii ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Toxic Blooms ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Although Planktothrix agardhii often produces toxic blooms in eutrophic water bodies around the world, little is known about the fate of the organic matter released by these abundant Cyanobacteria. Thus, this study focused in estimating the bacterial consumption of the DOC and DON (dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic nitrogen, respectively) produced by axenic P. agardhii cultures and identifying some of the bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) involved in the process. Both P. agardhii and bacterial inocula were sampled from the eutrophic Barra Bonita Reservoir (SP, Brazil). Two distinct carbon degradation phases were observed: during the first three days, higher degradation coefficients were calculated, which were followed by a slower degradation phase. The maximum value observed for particulate bacterial carbon (POC) was 11.9 mg L-1, which consisted of 62.5% of the total available DOC, and its mineralization coefficient was 0.477 day-1 (t½ = 1.45 days). A similar pattern of degradation was observed for DON, although the coefficients were slightly different. Changes in the OTUs patterns were observed during the different steps of the degradation. The main OTUs were related to the classes Alphaproteobacteria (8 OTUs), Betaproteobacteria (2 OTUs) and Gammaproteobacteria (3 OTUs). The genus Acinetobacter was the only identified organism that occurred during the whole process. Bacterial richness was higher at the slower degradation phase, which could be related to the small amounts of DOM (dissolved organic matter) available, particularly carbon. The kinetics of the bacterial degradation of P. agardhii-originated DOM suggests minimal loss of DOM from the Barra Bonita reservoir.

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