scholarly journals Role of cardiolipins, mitochondria, and autophagy in the differentiation process activated by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Gianni’ ◽  
Laura Goracci ◽  
Anna Schlaefli ◽  
Alessandra Di Veroli ◽  
Mami Kurosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Granulocytic Differentiation ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Autophagic Process

AbstractThe role played by lipids in the process of granulocytic differentiation activated by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in Acute-Promyelocytic-Leukemia (APL) blasts is unknown. The process of granulocytic differentiation activated by ATRA in APL blasts is recapitulated in the NB4 cell-line, which is characterized by expression of the pathogenic PML-RARα fusion protein. In the present study, we used the NB4 model to define the effects exerted by ATRA on lipid homeostasis. Using a high-throughput lipidomic approach, we demonstrate that exposure of the APL-derived NB4 cell-line to ATRA causes an early reduction in the amounts of cardiolipins, a major lipid component of the mitochondrial membranes. The decrease in the levels of cardiolipins results in a concomitant inhibition of mitochondrial activity. These ATRA-dependent effects are causally involved in the granulocytic maturation process. In fact, the ATRA-induced decrease of cardiolipins and the concomitant dysfunction of mitochondria precede the differentiation of retinoid-sensitive NB4 cells and the two phenomena are not observed in the retinoid-resistant NB4.306 counterparts. In addition, ethanolamine induced rescue of the mitochondrial dysfunction activated by cardiolipin deficiency inhibits ATRA-dependent granulocytic differentiation and induction of the associated autophagic process. The RNA-seq studies performed in parental NB4 cells and a NB4-derived cell population, characterized by silencing of the autophagy mediator, ATG5, provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the differentiating action of ATRA. The results indicate that ATRA causes a significant down-regulation of CRLS1 (Cardiolipin-synthase-1) and LPCAT1 (Lysophosphatidylcholine-Acyltransferase-1) mRNAs which code for two enzymes catalyzing the last steps of cardiolipin synthesis. ATRA-dependent down-regulation of CRLS1 and LPCAT1 mRNAs is functionally relevant, as it is accompanied by a significant decrease in the amounts of the corresponding proteins. Furthermore, the decrease in CRLS1 and LPCAT1 levels requires activation of the autophagic process, as down-regulation of the two proteins is blocked in ATG5-silenced NB4-shATG5 cells.

Proteome Analysis of the Proteins Associated with All-Trans Retinoic Acid Resistance in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5042-5042
Author(s):  
Pengcheng He ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jun Qi ◽  
Xiaoning Wang ◽  
Jieying Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Nb4 Cells ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

Abstract Although 90% patients with untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL) obtain complete remission because of the usage of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA), patients with ATRA-resistance are increased gradually. ATRA-resistance has become one of the main causes which affect the long-term therapeutic efficacy of APL. The mechanisms of ATRA-resistance are complex, which probably involve the metabolism of ATRA, abnormal expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein(CRABP) and P-glycoprotein(P-gp), mutation of RARα and aberration translocation of APL. However, in these previous researches, it was one or a few proteins but not the entirety proteins that were emphasized on the mechanisms of ATRA-resistance. Comparative proteomics can analyze the entire protein expression in cells in whole and has the superiority in screening the drug-resistance proteins differentially expressed. In order to investigate the mechanisms of ATRA-resistance in APL in whole, we compared and analyzed the protein expression profiles between MR2 cells(APL cell line with ATRA-resistance) and NB4 cells(APL cell line with ATRA-sensitiveness) by comparative proteomics. After the total proteins of MR2 cells and NB4 cells were extracted respectively, they were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE). The differences in proteome profile between MR2 cells and NB4 cells analyzed by ImageMaster™ 2D Platinum software. The average protein spots in 2-DE maps of MR2 and NB4 cells were 1160±51 and 1068±33 respectively. 8 protein spots were selected to be identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), in which the quantity of the protein differentially expressed was more than two times(≥2 or ≤0.5) between MR2 and NB4 cells’ 2-DE map. They were all successfully identified and their definite information was obtained. Among them, 6 proteins were probably involved in the mechanisms of ATRA-resistance in APL and they were Cofilin-1, Elongation factor 1-beta (EF-1β), Tropomyosin isoform(TM), High mobility group protein B1(HMGB1), Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP1) and Galectin-1. Moreover, so far there was no related report on the roles of HMGB1, RanGAP1 and Galectin-1 in the mechanisms of ATRA-resistance in APL. These differential proteins identified provide the new clues for us to further elucidate the mechanisms of ATRA-resistance from multiple factor.

Proteome Analysis of Apoptotic MR2 Cells, Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line with All-Trans Retinoic Acid Resistance, Induced by Arsenic Trioxide

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4726-4726
Author(s):  
Pengcheng He ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Xiaoning Wang ◽  
Huaiyu Wang ◽  
Jieying Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Beta Tubulin ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

Abstract Although all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) provides complete remission in 90% patients with untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL), it becomes ineffective to quite a few APL patients who have received ATRA before when their disease relapsed and used ATRA again. Arsenic trioxide(ATO) can make APL patients with ATRA-resistance obtain complete remission again by inducing APL cells apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in ATRA-resistance APL cells induced by ATO remain unclear. For this reason, we take the apoptotic MR2 cells (APL cell line with ATRA-resistance) induced by ATO as a model, to screen and identify the proteins related with ATO-induced apoptosis by comparative proteomics. After MR2 cells were dyed with annexin V and PI staining, the percentage of the apoptotic MR2 cells induced by 1.0μmol/L ATO for 0h, 6h, 12h, 24h and 48h respectively was detected by Flow cytometry. The results showed that the majority of the apoptotic cells were in the earlier and later stage of apoptosis respectively, when MR2 cells were treated with ATO for 24 and 48 hours in sequence. The total proteins of MR2 cells of the control group, the earlier stages apoptosis group and the later stages apoptosis group were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) respectively. Then, the differences in proteome profile among three groups were analyzed by ImageMaster™ 2D Platinum software. 14 protein pots were selected to be identified by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS), in which the quantity of the protein differentially expressed was more than two times(≥2 or ≤0.5) among MR2-0h, MR2-24h and MR2-48h cells’ 2-DE map. However, only 11 proteins were successfully identified and their definite information was obtained. Among them, there were 8 proteins that were all probably involved in the mechanisms of apoptosis in MR2 cells and they were Calreticulin(CRT), Heat shock 70 kDa protein(HSP70), High mobility group protein B1(HMGB1), Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein(RanGAP1), Elongation factor 1-beta(EF-1β), Beta-tubulin, Cofilin-1, and Prolyl 4-hydroxylase(P4H) respectively. CRT was probably related with the early stage of apoptosis in MR2 cells, while RanGAP1 and HSP70 might related with the late stage of apoptosis in MR2 cells. Moreover, so far there was no related report on the roles of CRT, HMGB1, RanGAP1, cofilin-1 and beta-tubulin in the mechanisms of APL cells apoptosis. These differential proteins identified provide the new clues for further researching the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in the ATRA-resistance APL cells induced by ATO.

scholarly journals Occurrence of resistance to retinoic acid in the acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4 is associated with altered expression of the pml/RAR alpha protein

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dermime ◽  
F Grignani ◽  
M Clerici ◽  
C Nervi ◽  
G Sozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

The mechanism(s) by which acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells acquire resistance to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is poorly understood. We describe here an APL cell line, named NB4.306, that shows resistance to the anti-proliferative action of ATRA. This cell line is also operationally resistant to most ATRA-induced phenotypic modifications (CD11b, CD11c, CD13, and CD33). No significant differences in ATRA intracellular accumulation, efflux, or metabolism were found between NB4.306 and the parent NB4 cell line that could explain the observed resistance of the NB4.306 line. The NB4.306 cell line was found to be positive for the t15;17 translocation and showed the usual pml/RAR alpha fusion bands in both Southern and Northern blot assays, but expressed no detectable amount of the usual pml/RAR alpha protein, as assayed by Western blot analysis using an anti-RAR alpha antibody. These results were confirmed in 14 of 14 clones obtained from the NB4.306 cell line, while 30 of 30 clones obtained from the parental NB4 line expressed the usual 110-Kd fusion polypeptide. It is concluded that the occurrence of resistance to ATRA in the NB4.306 cell line is closely associated to the loss of expression of the intact pml/RAR alpha protein.

scholarly journals Occurrence of resistance to retinoic acid in the acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4 is associated with altered expression of the pml/RAR alpha protein

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dermime ◽  
F Grignani ◽  
M Clerici ◽  
C Nervi ◽  
G Sozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

Abstract The mechanism(s) by which acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells acquire resistance to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is poorly understood. We describe here an APL cell line, named NB4.306, that shows resistance to the anti-proliferative action of ATRA. This cell line is also operationally resistant to most ATRA-induced phenotypic modifications (CD11b, CD11c, CD13, and CD33). No significant differences in ATRA intracellular accumulation, efflux, or metabolism were found between NB4.306 and the parent NB4 cell line that could explain the observed resistance of the NB4.306 line. The NB4.306 cell line was found to be positive for the t15;17 translocation and showed the usual pml/RAR alpha fusion bands in both Southern and Northern blot assays, but expressed no detectable amount of the usual pml/RAR alpha protein, as assayed by Western blot analysis using an anti-RAR alpha antibody. These results were confirmed in 14 of 14 clones obtained from the NB4.306 cell line, while 30 of 30 clones obtained from the parental NB4 line expressed the usual 110-Kd fusion polypeptide. It is concluded that the occurrence of resistance to ATRA in the NB4.306 cell line is closely associated to the loss of expression of the intact pml/RAR alpha protein.

Molecular cytogenetics of the acute promyelocytic leukemia-derived cell line NB4 and of four all-trans retinoic acid-resistant subclones

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Jo�lle Mozziconacci ◽  
Angelika Rosenauer ◽  
Audrey Restouin ◽  
Mirco Fanelli ◽  
Wenlin Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetics ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

Comparative proteomic analysis of all-trans-retinoic acid treatment reveals systematic posttranscriptional control mechanisms in acute promyelocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1314-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Harris ◽  
Bulent Ozpolat ◽  
Fadi Abdi ◽  
Sheng Gu ◽  
Allison Legler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

Abstract All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) induces growth inhibition, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells, including acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In APL, expression of promyelocytic leukemia protein retinoic acid receptor–α (PML-RARα) fusion protein, owing to the t(15; 17) reciprocal translocation, leads to a block in the promyelocytic stage of differentiation. Here, we studied molecular mechanisms involved in ATRA-induced growth inhibition and myeloid cell differentiation in APL. By employing comprehensive high-throughput proteomic methods of 2-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and amino acid–coded mass tagging coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, we systematically identified a total of 59 differentially expressed proteins that were consistently modulated in response to ATRA treatment. The data revealed significant down-regulation of eukaryotic initiation and elongation factors, initiation factor 2 (IF2), eukaryotic initiation factor 4AI (eIF4AI), eIF4G, eIF5, eIF6, eukaryotic elongation factor 1A-1 (eEF1A-1), EF-1-δ, eEF1γ, 14-3-3ϵ, and 14-3-3ζ/δ (P < .05). The translational inhibitor DAP5/p97/NAT1 (death-associated protein 5) and PML isoform-1 were found to be up-regulated (P < .05). Additionally, the down-regulation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) C1/C2, UP2, K, and F; small nuclear RNPs (snRNPs) D3 and E; nucleoprotein tumor potentiating region (TPR); and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) were found (P < .05); these were found to function in pre-mRNA processing, splicing, and export events. Importantly, these proteomic findings were validated by Western blot analysis. Our data in comparison with previous cDNA microarray studies and our reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments demonstrate that broad networks of posttranscriptional suppressive pathways are activated during ATRA-induced growth inhibition processes in APL.

FOXO3A as a key molecule for all-trans retinoic acid–induced granulocytic differentiation and apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (18) ◽  
pp. 3787-3795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Sakoe ◽  
Kumi Sakoe ◽  
Keita Kirito ◽  
Keiya Ozawa ◽  
Norio Komatsu
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Granulocytic Differentiation ◽  
Nb4 Cells ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Promising Target

Abstract All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces granulocytic differentiation and apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, although the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated ATRA-induced cellular responses mediated by the transcription factor FOXO3A in APL cells. FOXO3A was constitutively phosphorylated and localized in the cytoplasm in both APL-derived NB4 cells and primary APL cells. Upon treating the cells with ATRA, FOXO3A phosphorylation was reduced and FOXO3A translocated into the nucleus. In addition, the expression of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a target molecule for FOXO3A, was increased at the transcriptional and protein levels. As expected, transfection of a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) oligonucleotide specific for FOXO3A significantly inhibited ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation and apoptosis in NB4 cells. In NB4-derived ATRA-resistant NB4/RA cells, neither FOXO3A nuclear localization nor subsequent TRAIL induction was observed after ATRA treatment. Furthermore, forced expression of active FOXO3A in the nucleus induced TRAIL production and apoptosis in NB4/RA cells. We conclude that activation of FOXO3A is an essential event for ATRA-induced cellular responses in NB4 cells. FOXO3A is a promising target for therapeutic approaches to overcome ATRA resistance in APL.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document