scholarly journals Suppressing mosquito populations with precision guided sterile males

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Michelle Bui ◽  
Stephanie Gamez ◽  
Tyler Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Platform Technology

AbstractThe mosquito Aedes aegypti is the principal vector for arboviruses including dengue/yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika virus, infecting hundreds of millions of people annually. Unfortunately, traditional control methodologies are insufficient, so innovative control methods are needed. To complement existing measures, here we develop a molecular genetic control system termed precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) in Aedes aegypti. PgSIT uses a simple CRISPR-based approach to generate flightless females and sterile males that are deployable at any life stage. Supported by mathematical models, we empirically demonstrate that released pgSIT males can compete, suppress, and even eliminate mosquito populations. This platform technology could be used in the field, and adapted to many vectors, for controlling wild populations to curtail disease in a safe, confinable, and reversible manner.

scholarly journals Eliminating Mosquitoes with Precision Guided Sterile Males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Michelle Bui ◽  
Stephanie Gamez ◽  
Tyler Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Platform Technology

AbstractThe mosquito Aedes aegypti is the principal vector for arboviruses including dengue/yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika, infecting hundreds of millions of people annually. Unfortunately, traditional control methodologies are insufficient, so innovative control methods are needed. To complement existing measures, here we develop a molecular genetic control system termed precision guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) in Aedes aegypti. PgSIT uses a simple CRISPR-based approach to generate sterile males that are deployable at any life stage. Supported by mathematical models, we empirically demonstrate that released pgSIT males can compete, suppress, and eliminate mosquitoes in multigenerational population cages. This platform technology could be used in the field, and adapted to many vectors, for controlling wild populations to curtail disease in a safe, confinable, and reversible manner.

scholarly journals Eliminating Mosquitoes with Precision Guided Sterile Males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Michelle Bui ◽  
Stephanie Gamez ◽  
Tyler Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Platform Technology

Abstract The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the principal vector for arboviruses including dengue/yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika, infecting hundreds of millions of people annually. Unfortunately, traditional control methodologies are insufficient, so innovative control methods are needed. To complement existing measures, here we develop a molecular genetic control system termed precision guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) in Aedes aegypti. PgSIT uses a simple CRISPR-based approach to generate sterile males that are deployable at any life stage. Supported by mathematical models, we empirically demonstrate that released pgSIT males can compete, suppress, and eliminate mosquitoes in multigenerational population cages. This platform technology could be used in the field, and adapted to many vectors, for controlling wild populations to curtail disease in a safe, confinable, and reversible manner.

scholarly journals [NO TITLE AVAILABLE]

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Geris ◽  
Ionizete Garcia da Silva ◽  
Heloísa Helena Garcia da Silva ◽  
Andersson Barison ◽  
Edson Rodrigues-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of diterpenoids obtained from the oil-resin of Copaifera reticulata against Aedes aegypti larvae, the principal vector of dengue and urban yellow fever. Four diterpenes were obtained from oil-resin extraction with organic solvents and subsequent chromatographic and spectroscopic procedures allowed to isolation and identification of these compounds as 3-b-acetoxylabdan-8(17)-13-dien-15-oic acid (1), alepterolic acid (2), 3-b-hidroxylabdan-8(17)-en-15-oic acid (3), and ent-agatic acid (4). Each compound was previously dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide, and distilled water was added to obtain the desired concentrations. Twenty larvae of third instars were placed into plastic beckers, containing the solution test (25 mL), in a five repetitions scheme, and their mortality, indicated by torpor and darkening of the cephalic capsule, was recorded after 48h. Probit analyses were used to determine lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) and their respective 95% confidence intervals. This study showed that only diterpenoids 1 and 2 exhibited larvicidal properties with LC50 of 0.8 ppm and 87.3 ppm, respectively, revealing the former as the most toxic compound against third instars of Ae. aegypti. Therefore, this compound seems to be an interesting source for new metabolite to be exploited.

X.—The Natural History of Yellow Fever in Africa

1969 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Vector

SynopsisThe studies on the epidemiology of yellow fever which have been carried out in Africa in the period 1925–1966 are presented in narrative form.The original isolation of the virus is described, leading on to the survey work which showed that the infection is widespread in tropical Africa and that monkeys are very important hosts—perhaps the definitive mammalian hosts—of the virus. The discoveries of a monkey-to-man cycle in which the classical vector mosquito,Aedes aegypti, is replaced byA. simpsoniand of a monkey-to-monkey cycle, in whichA. africanusis the vector, are described.Recent epidemics are discussed, particularly that in Ethiopia, where there were about 200,000 cases, with 30,000 deaths, in the period 1960–62 and where the principal vector in the man-to-man cycle wasA. simpsoni.Work on groups of animals other than monkeys is reviewed, with particular reference to studies on the lemuroid Primates of the genusGalago, which are believed to be natural hosts of the virus. It is concluded that there are still many unknown facets in the epidemiology.

Estudio y evaluación de depredadores y bacterias entomopatógenas de Aedes aegypti (L.) y Culex pipiens (L.), como potenciales agentes de control

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
María Cecilia Tranchida
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Principal Vector ◽  
La Plata

Aedes aegypti y Culex pipiens se encuentran entre las principales especies de mosquitos vectores de enfermedades a nivel mundial. Ambas, son de gran importancia sanitaria en la Argentina. Aedes aegypti, es el principal vector del dengue y la fiebre amarilla. Está presente en la Argentina desde 1983, cuando fue confirmada su reemergencia en nuestro país. A partir de entonces comenzaron a detectarse casos de dengue hasta que el último brote de esta enfermedad en 2009 produjo 24.720 casos autóctonos confirmados por la OPS a nivel nacional. Culex pipiens es vector de algunas filariasis, y de importantes arbovirosis como la ocasionada por el virus del Nilo Occidental. La actividad vectorial de este mosquito se ve incrementada en zonas donde la densidad de zanjas de desagüe domiciliario es elevada, ya que este tipo de ambiente constituye un lugar propicio para su desarrollo. De su importancia sanitaria nace la necesidad de controlar su actividad vectorial, manteniendo las poblaciones en bajas densidades. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar estrategias para el control de A. aegypti y C. pipiens, basadas en métodos biológicos, eficaces, permanentes y seguros para el ambiente, mediante el empleo de enemigos naturales presentes en las poblaciones de ambas especies. En este trabajo, fueron evaluados copépodos, turbelarios y peces como depredadores; y bacterias entomopatógenas (α-protobacterias y bacterias esporulantes). El estudio de los copépodos, tuvo como objetivo identificar a la comunidad de copépodos larvívoros que se desarrolla en los criaderos de mosquitos, ubicados en los alrededores de la ciudad de La Plata, para identificar nuevas especies capaces de depredar mosquitos que habitan recipientes artificiales (A. aegypti y C. pipiens). La diversidad de copépodos larvívoros fue mayor en los cuerpos de agua permanentes. Acanthocyclops robustus, Diacyclops uruguayensis, Macrocyclops albidus y Mesocyclops longisetus fueron seleccionados por su capacidad depredadora. En el laboratorio fueron evaluadas: la capacidad de depredación de ambos sexos y diferentes estadios, preferencia de especie presa, y la tasa de depredación diaria. Las hembras de estas especies de copépodos presentaron mayor capacidad depredadora. No se detectó preferencia de los copépodos hacia ninguna de las especies de mosquitos. También se evaluó la tolerancia a la desecación y la capacidad de vivir en el agua que se acumula en los recipientes artificiales. Diacyclops uruguayensis y A. robustus sobrevivieron en las condiciones de sequía ensayadas en este estudio, pero D. uruguayensis mostró una menor supervivencia en el agua de recipientes artificiales. Macrocyclops albidus no sobrevivió en condiciones de sequía ni toleró el agua extraída de los recipientes artificiales. La supervivencia de M. longisetus ante estas condiciones, fue reducida. Se concluyó que las especies D. uruguayensis y A. robustus podrían ser buenos candidatos para el control de especies de mosquitos que crían en recipientes artificiales.

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