scholarly journals Risks of poor asthma outcome in 14,405 children and young people in London

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
North West ◽  
Asthma Risk ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Asthma Outcome ◽  
Asthma Risk Factors ◽  
General Practices

AbstractThis is a 12-month retrospective data analysis (2018/19) of asthma risk factors in 350 North West London general practices. Fourteen thousand four hundred and five of the 482,029 (40% female) children and young people (CYP) had diagnosed asthma. Exacerbations are as follows: (i) 749 (5%) CYP had 797 hospital admissions; 32 (<1%) had 2–6; (ii) 910 (6%) had 1168 recorded asthma attacks; 170 (1%) had 2–12; (iii) 1485 (10%) had 2123 oral corticosteroid courses; 408 (3%) had 2–11. Excess short-acting bronchodilators were prescribed in over half of the CYP. Of the 10,077 (70%) CYP prescribed inhaled corticosteroid preventers, 7279 (72%) were issued with <4 ICS inhaler prescriptions during the year; these CYP accounted for 11% of the admission spells. In all, 30% of CYP had poor symptom control. At least 10% of the CYP having had recent attacks are at risk and dashboards such as those available in North West London could easily facilitate recognition of risk and optimisation of care.

scholarly journals Collateral impact of COVID-19: why should children continue to suffer?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Nagakumar ◽  
Ceri-Louise Chadwick ◽  
Andrew Bush ◽  
Atul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Collateral Effects ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 virus fortunately resulted in few children suffering from severe disease. However, the collateral effects on the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have had significant detrimental effects on children affected and young people. There are also some positive impacts in the form of reduced prevalence of viral bronchiolitis. The new strain of SARS-COV-2 identified recently in the UK appears to have increased transmissibility to children. However, there are no large vaccine trials set up in children to evaluate safety and efficacy. In this short communication, we review the collateral effects of COVID-19 pandemic in children and young people. We highlight the need for urgent strategies to mitigate the risks to children due to the COVID-19 pandemic. What is Known:• Children and young people account for <2% of all COVID-19 hospital admissions• The collateral impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and young people is devastating• Significant reduction in influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the southern hemisphere What is New:• The public health measures to reduce COVID-19 infection may have also resulted in near elimination of influenza and RSV infections across the globe• A COVID-19 vaccine has been licensed for adults. However, large scale vaccine studies are yet to be initiated although there is emerging evidence of the new SARS-COV-2 strain spreading more rapidly though young people.• Children and young people continue to bear the collateral effects of COVID-19 pandemic

scholarly journals Tertiary paediatric hospital admissions in children and young people with cerebral palsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Meehan ◽  
G. L. Freed ◽  
S. M. Reid ◽  
K. Williams ◽  
J. R. Sewell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Paediatric Hospital

scholarly journals Rising Obesity-Related Hospital Admissions among Children and Young People in England: National Time Trends Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e65764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Jones Nielsen ◽  
Anthony A. Laverty ◽  
Christopher Millett ◽  
Arch G. Mainous III ◽  
Azeem Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Children And Young People

scholarly journals Impacts of school closures on physical and mental health of children and young people: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Viner ◽  
Simon Russell ◽  
Rosella Saulle ◽  
Helen Croker ◽  
Claire Stansfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
High Quality ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Children And Young People

AbstractBackgroundThe well-documented links between education and health mean that school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to be associated with significant health harms to children and young people (CYP). A systematic review of the evidence is needed to inform policy decisions around school closures and re-openings during the pandemic.MethodsWe undertook a high-quality systematic review of observational quantitative studies (published or preprint) of the impacts of school closures (for any reason) on the health, wellbeing and educational outcomes of CYP, excluding impacts of closure on transmission of infection (PROSPERO CRD42020181658). We used a machine learning approach for screening articles, with decisions on inclusion and data extraction performed independently by 2 researchers. Quality was assessed for study type. A narrative synthesis of results was undertaken as data did not allow meta-analysis.Results16,817 records were screened, of which 151 were reviewed in full-text and 72 studies were included from 20 countries. 33% were cohort studies using historical control periods; 19% pre-post studies; and 46% cross-sectional studies which assessed change by comparison with population reference data. 63% were high-quality, 25% medium-quality and 13% low-quality. Cause of closure in all studies was the first COVID-19 pandemic wave with the exception of 5 influenza studies and 1 teacher strike.27 studies concerning mental health identified considerable impacts across emotional, behavioural and restlessness/inattention problems; 18-60% of CYP scored above risk thresholds for distress, particularly anxiety and depressive symptoms. Two studies reported non-significant rises in suicide rates. Self-harm and psychiatric attendances were markedly reduced, indicating a rise in unmet mental health need. Child protection referrals fell 27-39%, with a halving of the expected number of referrals originating in schools.19 studies concerning health service use showed marked reductions in emergency department (ED) presentations and hospital admissions, with evidence of delayed presentations and potential widening of inequalities in vaccination coverage. Data suggested marked rises in screen-time and social media use and reductions in physical activity however data on sleep and diet were inconclusive. Available data suggested likely higher harms in CYP from more deprived populations.ConclusionsSchool closures as part of broader social distancing measures are associated with considerable harms to CYP health and wellbeing. Available data are short-term and longer-term harms are likely to be magnified by further school closures. Data are urgently needed on longer-term impacts using strong research designs, particularly amongst vulnerable groups. These findings are important for policy-makers seeking to balance the risks of transmission through school-aged children with the harms of closing schools.

scholarly journals Primary, secondary care and mortality data-linked to identify the prevalence of cerebral palsy in children and young people

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethan Carter ◽  
Hywel Jones ◽  
Jackie Bethell ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Sarah Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
Primary Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Records

IntroductionEvaluations of healthcare utilisation for children and young people (CYP) with chronic conditions, are increasingly relying upon routinely collected healthcare data to estimate healthcare burden and inform national policy and practice. However, chronic conditions are not consistently or accurately recorded making it difficult to conduct valid epidemiological analyses. Objectives and ApproachWe explored routinely collected healthcare datasets of 2,122,914 CYP in the English Clinical Practice Research Dataset (CPRD) and 1,636,252 CYP in the Welsh Secure Anonymous Information Linkage (SAIL) databank to identify patients with CP (an exemplar of a chronic neurodisability) from diagnosis coding (G80-83.3). Linked primary care, hospital admission outpatient and mortality data were searched from birth and populations of CYP aged 0-25 years between 2004 and 2014 with and without CP were identified. We detected the ascertainment sources and compared the results from CPRD and SAIL. In a sample of cases G80-83 codes were validated against clinical records. Results England: Some 7,500 cases of CP were identified (period prevalence: 3.5 per 1000 CYP). Of those, 36.6% were identified from hospital admissions; 20.6% from GP data, 42.0% were in both datasets with 0.8% from outpatient/ONS mortality data. Wales: Some 5,400 cases of CP were identified (period prevalence: 3.3 per 1000 CYP). Of those, 38.6% were identified from hospital admissions, 25.3% from GP data, 36.0% were in both datasets, and 0.1% from mortality/outpatient datasets. 729/877(83.1%) cases coded as G80-83 in secondary care case notes were validated cases of CP leaving 16.9% that were incorrectly coded. Approximately 70% of G80 cases were recorded as G80.8-9 (CP other/unspecified). Roughly 30% of cases were only coded as CP on one occasion within the primary and secondary care datasets. Conclusion/ImplicationsSimilar proportions of CP cases were identified in the two datasets giving similar period prevalences. Inconsistent and incorrect coding will affect the accuracy of these figures and precludes any analysis by disease type/severity. Improved coding of chronic conditions is needed before accurate healthcare analysis of routine data can be undertaken.

scholarly journals Burden of recurrent emergency hospital admissions in children and young people in England: a cohort study

The Lancet ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. S87
Author(s):  
Linda Wijlaars ◽  
Pia Hardelid ◽  
Jenny Woodman ◽  
Janice Allister ◽  
Ruth Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Emergency Hospital Admissions

scholarly journals Risk of SARS-CoV-2 testing, PCR-confirmed infections and COVID-19-related hospital admissions in children and young people: birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Hardelid ◽  
Graziella Favarato ◽  
Linda Wijlaars ◽  
Lynda Fenton ◽  
Jim McMenamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Children And Young People

Background There have been no population-based studies of SARS-CoV-2 testing, PCR-confirmed infections and COVID-19-related hospital admissions across the full paediatric age range. We examine the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in children and young people (CYP) aged <23 years. Methods We used a birth cohort of all children born in Scotland since 1997, constructed via linkage between vital statistics, hospital records and SARS-CoV-2 surveillance data. We calculated risks of tests and PCR-confirmed infections per 1000 CYP-years between August and December 2020, and COVID-19-related hospital admissions per 100,000 CYP-years between February and December 2020. We used Poisson and Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine risk factors. Results Among the 1226855 CYP in the cohort, there were 378402 tests, 19005 PCR confirmed infections and 346 admissions, corresponding to rates of 770.8/1000 (95% confidence interval 768.4-773.3), 179.4 (176.9-182.0) and 29.4/100,000 (26.3-32.8) CYP-years respectively. Infants had the highest COVID-19-related admission rates. Chronic conditions, particularly multiple types of conditions, was strongly associated with COVID-19-related admissions across all ages. The hazard ratio for >1 chronic condition type was 12.2 (7.9-18.82) compared to children with no chronic conditions. 89% of admitted children had no chronic conditions recorded. Conclusions Infants, and CYP with chronic conditions are at highest risk of admission with COVID-19, however the majority of admitted CYP have no chronic conditions. These results provide evidence to support risk/benefit analyses for paediatric COVID-19 vaccination programmes. Studies examining whether maternal vaccine during pregnancy prevents COVID-19 admissions in infants are urgently needed. Funding UK Research and Innovation-Medical Research Council

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