Post-lithium-ion battery cell production and its compatibility with lithium-ion cell production infrastructure

Lithium-ion batteries are being increasingly used as the main energy storage devices in modern mobile applications, including modern spacecrafts, satellites, and electric vehicles, in which consistent and severe vibrations exist. As the lithium-ion battery market share grows, so must our understanding of the effect of mechanical vibrations and shocks on the electrical performance and mechanical properties of such batteries. Only a few recent studies investigated the effect of vibrations on the degradation and fatigue of battery cell materials as well as the effect of vibrations on the battery pack structure. This review focused on the recent progress in determining the effect of dynamic loads and vibrations on lithium-ion batteries to advance the understanding of lithium-ion battery systems. Theoretical, computational, and experimental studies conducted in both academia and industry in the past few years are reviewed herein. Although the effect of dynamic loads and random vibrations on the mechanical behavior of battery pack structures has been investigated and the correlation between vibration and the battery cell electrical performance has been determined to support the development of more robust electrical systems, it is still necessary to clarify the mechanical degradation mechanisms that affect the electrical performance and safety of battery cells.

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Box–Jenkins Black-Box Modeling of a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Based on Automotive Drive Cycle Data

World Electric Vehicle Journal ◽

10.3390/wevj12030102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Jaouad Khalfi ◽

Najib Boumaaz ◽

Abdallah Soulmani ◽

El Mehdi Laadissi

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Linear Model ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Transfer Functions ◽

Mean Squared Error ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Drive Cycle ◽

Cell Dynamics ◽

Battery Cell ◽

Parameter Identifications

The Box–Jenkins model is a polynomial model that uses transfer functions to express relationships between input, output, and noise for a given system. In this article, we present a Box–Jenkins linear model for a lithium-ion battery cell for use in electric vehicles. The model parameter identifications are based on automotive drive-cycle measurements. The proposed model prediction performance is evaluated using the goodness-of-fit criteria and the mean squared error between the Box–Jenkins model and the measured battery cell output. A simulation confirmed that the proposed Box–Jenkins model could adequately capture the battery cell dynamics for different automotive drive cycles and reasonably predict the actual battery cell output. The goodness-of-fit value shows that the Box–Jenkins model matches the battery cell data by 86.85% in the identification phase, and 90.83% in the validation phase for the LA-92 driving cycle. This work demonstrates the potential of using a simple and linear model to predict the battery cell behavior based on a complex identification dataset that represents the actual use of the battery cell in an electric vehicle.

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Ball-Milled Graphite-Tin Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.736.127 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 736 ◽

pp. 127-132

Author(s):

Kuldeep Rana ◽

Anjan Sil ◽

Subrata Ray

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Anode Materials ◽

High Capacity ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Composite Anode ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

X Ray ◽

Initial Discharge ◽

Lithium Ion Cell

Lithium alloying compounds as an anode materials have been a focused for high capacity lithium ion battery due to their highenergy capacity and safety characteristics. Here we report on the preparation of graphite-tin composite by using ball-milling in liquid media. The composite material has been characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy depressive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. The lithium-ion cell made from graphite-tin composite presented initial discharge capacity of 1065 mAh/g and charge capacity 538 mAh/g, which becomes 528 mAh/g in the second cycle. The composite of graphite-tin with higher capacity compared to pristine graphite is a promising alternative anode material for lithium-ion battery.

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An Active Equalizer for Serially Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Cells

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.809 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 732-733 ◽

pp. 809-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hong Rui Liu ◽

Chao Ying Xia

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

State Of Charge ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Battery Cell ◽

Charging Current ◽

In Series ◽

Battery Cells

This paper proposes an equalizer for serially connected Lithium-ion battery cells. The battery cell with the lowest state of charge (SOC) is charged by the equalizer during the process of charging and discharging, and the balancing current is constant and controllable. Three unbalanced lithium-ion battery cells in series are selected as the experimental object by this paper. The discharging current under a certain UDDS and 20A charging current are used to complete respectively one time balancing experiment of discharging and charging to the three lithium-ion battery cells. The validity of the balancing strategy is confirmed in this paper according to the experimental results.

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