scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Bo Luo ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Wu-Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Vortex Ring ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Laser Beams ◽  
Quantization Axis ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Topological Number

AbstractWe propose a new scheme for creating three-dimensional Skyrmions in a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating a multipole magnetic field and a pair of counter-propagating laser beams. The result shows that a three-dimensional Skyrmion with topological number Q = 2 can be created by a sextupole magnetic field and the laser beams. Meanwhile, the vortex ring and knot structure in the Skyrmion are found. The topological number can be calculated analytically in our model, which implies that the method can be extended to create Skyrmions with arbitrary topological number. As the examples, three-dimensional Skyrmions with Q = 3, 4 are also demonstrated and are distinguishable by the density distributions with a specific quantization axis. These topological objects have the potential to be realized in ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates experimentally.

λ-Transition to the Bose-Einstein Condensate

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 921-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Grossmann ◽  
Martin Holthaus
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Einstein Condensation ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator Potential ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Grand Canonical

Abstract We study Bose-Einstein condensation of comparatively small numbers of atoms trapped by a three-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential. Under the assumption that grand canonical statis­tics applies, we derive analytical expressions for the condensation temperature, the ground state occupation, and the specific heat capacity. For a gas of TV atoms the condensation temperature is proportional to N1/3, apart from a downward shift of order N-1/3. A signature of the condensation is a pronounced peak of the heat capacity. For not too small N the heat capacity is nearly discon­tinuous at the onset of condensation; the magnitude of the jump is about 6.6 N k. Our continuum approximations are derived with the help of the proper density of states which allows us to calculate finite-AT-corrections, and checked against numerical computations.

scholarly journals Evidence for an oscillating soliton/vortex ring by density engineering of a Bose–Einstein condensate

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Shomroni ◽  
E. Lahoud ◽  
S. Levy ◽  
J. Steinhauer
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Ring ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein

scholarly journals IDEAL-MODIFIED BOSONIC GAS TRAPPED IN AN ARBITRARY THREE-DIMENSIONAL POWER-LAW POTENTIAL

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (31) ◽  
pp. 1250181 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. CASTELLANOS ◽  
C. LÄMMERZAHL
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Relation ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Number Of Particles

We analyze the effects caused by an anomalous single-particle dispersion relation suggested in several quantum-gravity models, upon the thermodynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in a generic three-dimensional power-law potential. We prove that the shift in the condensation temperature, caused by a deformed dispersion relation, described as a non-trivial function of the number of particles and the shape associated to the corresponding trap, could provide bounds for the parameters associated to such deformation. In addition, we calculate the fluctuations in the number of particles as a criterium of thermodynamic stability for these systems. We show that the apparent instability caused by the anomalous fluctuations in the thermodynamic limit can be suppressed considering the lowest energy associated to the system in question.

scholarly journals Resonant demagnetization of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional optical lattice

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. de Paz ◽  
A. Chotia ◽  
E. Maréchal ◽  
P. Pedri ◽  
L. Vernac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein

scholarly journals Reliability of the Ginzburg–Landau Theory in the BCS-BEC Crossover by Including Gaussian Fluctuations for 3D Attractive Fermions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Filippo Pascucci ◽  
Andrea Perali ◽  
Luca Salasnich
Keyword(s):  
Landau Theory ◽  
Landau Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Unitary Limit ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Gaussian Fluctuations ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Physical Quantities

We calculate the parameters of the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) equation of a three-dimensional attractive Fermi gas around the superfluid critical temperature. We compare different levels of approximation throughout the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) to the Bose–Einstein Condensate (BEC) regime. We show that the inclusion of Gaussian fluctuations strongly modifies the values of the Ginzburg–Landau parameters approaching the BEC regime of the crossover. We investigate the reliability of the Ginzburg–Landau theory, with fluctuations, studying the behavior of the coherence length and of the critical rotational frequencies throughout the BCS-BEC crossover. The effect of the Gaussian fluctuations gives qualitative correct trends of the considered physical quantities from the BCS regime up to the unitary limit of the BCS-BEC crossover. Approaching the BEC regime, the Ginzburg–Landau equation with the inclusion of Gaussian fluctuations turns out to be unreliable.

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