scholarly journals Early medieval genetic data from Ural region evaluated in the light of archaeological evidence of ancient Hungarians

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Csáky ◽  
Dániel Gerber ◽  
Bea Szeifert ◽  
Balázs Egyed ◽  
Balázs Stégmár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Endogamous Population ◽  
Genetic Continuity

Abstract The ancient Hungarians originated from the Ural region of Russia, and migrated through the Middle-Volga region and the Eastern European steppe into the Carpathian Basin during the ninth century AD. Their Homeland was probably in the southern Trans-Ural region, where the Kushnarenkovo culture was disseminated. In the Cis-Ural region Lomovatovo and Nevolino cultures are archaeologically related to ancient Hungarians. In this study we describe maternal and paternal lineages of 36 individuals from these regions and nine Hungarian Conquest period individuals from today’s Hungary, as well as shallow shotgun genome data from the Trans-Uralic Uyelgi cemetery. We point out the genetic continuity between the three chronological horizons of Uyelgi cemetery, which was a burial place of a rather endogamous population. Using phylogenetic and population genetic analyses we demonstrate the genetic connection between Trans-, Cis-Ural and the Carpathian Basin on various levels. The analyses of this new Uralic dataset fill a gap of population genetic research of Eurasia, and reshape the conclusions previously drawn from tenth to eleventh century ancient mitogenomes and Y-chromosomes from Hungary.

scholarly journals Early Medieval Genetic Data from Ural Region Evaluated in the Light of Archaeological Evidence of Ancient Hungarians

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Csáky ◽  
Dániel Gerber ◽  
Bea Szeifert ◽  
Balázs Egyed ◽  
Balázs Stégmár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Endogamous Population ◽  
Genetic Continuity

AbstractThe ancient Hungarians originated from the Ural region of Russia, and migrated through the Middle-Volga region and the Eastern European steppe into the Carpathian Basin during the 9th century AD. Their Homeland was probably in the southern Trans-Ural region, where the Kushnarenkovo culture disseminated. In the Cis-Ural region Lomovatovo and Nevolino cultures are archaeologically related to ancient Hungarians. In this study we describe maternal and paternal lineages of 36 individuals from these regions and nine Hungarian Conquest period individuals from today’s Hungary, as well as shallow shotgun genome data from the Trans-Uralic Uyelgi cemetery. We point out the genetic continuity between the three chronological horizons of Uyelgi cemetery, which was a burial place of a rather endogamous population. Using phylogenetic and population genetic analyses we demonstrate the genetic connection between Trans-, Cis-Ural and the Carpathian Basin on various levels. The analyses of this new Uralic dataset fill a gap of population genetic research of Eurasia, and reshape the conclusions previously drawn from 10-11th century ancient mitogenomes and Y-chromosomes from Hungary.

scholarly journals PopAmaranth: A population genetic genome browser for grain amaranths and their wild relatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gonçalves-Dias ◽  
Markus G Stetter
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Genome Browser ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Grain Amaranth ◽  
Amaranth Species

Abstract The combination of genomic, physiological, and population genetic research has accelerated the understanding and improvement of numerous crops. For non-model crops the lack of interdisciplinary research hinders their improvement. Grain amaranth is an ancient nutritious pseudocereal that has been domesticated three times in different regions of the Americas. We present and employ PopAmaranth, a population genetic genome browser, which provides an accessible representation of the genetic variation of the three grain amaranth species (A. hypochondriacus, A. cruentus, and A. caudatus) and two wild relatives (A. hybridus and A. quitensis) along the A. hypochondriacus reference sequence. We performed population-scale diversity and selection analysis from whole-genome sequencing data of 88 curated genetically and taxonomically unambiguously classified accessions. We employ the platform to show that genetic diversity in the water stress-related MIF1 gene declined during amaranth domestication and provide evidence for convergent saponin reduction between amaranth and quinoa. PopAmaranth is available through amaranthGDB at amaranthgdb.org/popamaranth.html.

Use of expressed sequence tag microsatellite markers for population genetic research of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from India

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Thiruvengadam Venkatesan ◽  
Vaddi Sridhar ◽  
Yan R. Tomason ◽  
Sushil Kumar Jalali ◽  
Gajanan T. Behere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Western India ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Expressed Sequence

AbstractCotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a serious pest of several crops throughout the world, representing millions of United States of America dollars worth of damage. This pest can adapt to various cropping systems in a wide geographical range and has high migratory potential. It features high fecundity and can develop resistance to almost all insecticides used for its management. Several investigations to develop microsatellite markers for H. armigera have not been successful because of the paucity of microsatellites in the lepidopteran genome. As well, collections of H. armigera from cotton fields of southern and western India were not yet studied for molecular genetic diversity. The current study aimed to screen publicly available expressed sequence tag resources for simple sequence repeats and assess their potential as DNA markers for assessment of gene flow between collections of southern and western India. We identified 30 polymorphic microsatellites for potential use in diversity analysis of H. armigera collections. Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the collections were widely diverse with population differentiation index (Fst) of 0.17. Furthermore, gene flow analysis revealed a mean frequency of private alleles of 11% within the collections. The microsatellite resources we developed could be widely used for molecular diversity or population genetic research involving this important pest of cotton and food crops.

scholarly journals Using eggshell membranes as a DNA source for population genetic research

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krijn Baptist Trimbos ◽  
Joyce Broekman ◽  
Rosemarie Kentie ◽  
Cees J. M. Musters ◽  
Geert R. de Snoo
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Eggshell Membranes

Conservation genetics of red pandas in the wild

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Hu ◽  
Dunwu Qi ◽  
Fuwen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Red Panda

The red panda is listed on the 2016 IUCN red list as Endangered. It is now distributed only in China, Myanmar, India, Bhutan and Nepal. Human activities such as poaching and large-scale deforestation have caused serious declines in this forest-dwelling species. Although its ecological research has made much progress in the past decades, only recently witnessed the population genetic research advances of this species. This chapter reviews the advances in wild red panda conservation genetics from non-invasive genetics, genetic diversity, phylogeographic structure, population genetic structure, demographic history, subspecies differentiation, to its conservation and management. It presents detailed estimates of genetic diversity, assesses the role of paleo-climate changes, human activities and landscape features in shaping the genetic structure and demographic history of red pandas, and discusses the implications of conservation genetics findings for effective genetic monitoring and conservation management.

Bioethics in Iceland

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
VILHJÁLMUR ÁRNASON
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Scientific Research

Abstract:This article examines ethical issues debated in Iceland concerning population genetic research, specifically methods of collecting biosamples and ways to return clinically relevant results to participants. Also discussed are scientific research in the health sector, a bill on surrogacy, and a policy on consent for organ donation.

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