scholarly journals Multinuclear MRI to disentangle intracellular sodium concentration and extracellular volume fraction in breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Ianniello ◽  
Linda Moy ◽  
Justin Fogarty ◽  
Freya Schnabel ◽  
Sylvia Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Intracellular Sodium Concentration

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to develop a novel method to disentangle the intra- and extracellular components of the total sodium concentration (TSC) in breast cancer from a combination of proton ($$^{1}$$ 1 H) and sodium ($$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$ 23 Na ) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. To do so, TSC is expressed as function of the intracellular sodium concentration ($$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$ C IC ), extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and the water fraction (WF) based on a three-compartment model of the tissue. TSC is measured from $$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$ 23 Na MRI, ECV is calculated from baseline and post-contrast $$^{1}$$ 1 H $$\hbox {T}_{{1}}$$ T 1 maps, while WF is measured with a $$^{1}$$ 1 H chemical shift technique. $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$ C IC is then extrapolated from the model. Proof-of-concept was demonstrated in three healthy subjects and two patients with triple negative breast cancer. In both patients, TSC was two to threefold higher in the tumor than in normal tissue. This alteration mainly resulted from increased $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$ C IC ($$\sim$$ ∼  30 mM), which was $$\sim$$ ∼  130% greater than in healthy conditions (10–15 mM) while the ECV was within the expected range of physiological values (0.2–0.25). Multinuclear MRI shows promise for disentangling $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$ C IC and ECV by taking advantage of complementary $$^{1}$$ 1 H and $$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$ 23 Na measurements.

scholarly journals Extracellular volume quantification using synthetic haematocrit assessed from native and post-contrast longitudinal relaxation T1 times of a blood pool

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Opatril ◽  
Roman Panovsky ◽  
Jan Machal ◽  
Tomas Holecek ◽  
Lucia Masarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
T1 Relaxation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background In terms of cardiovascular magnetic resonance are haematocrit values required for calculation of extracellular volume fraction (ECV). Previously published studies have hypothesized that haematocrit could be calculated from T1 blood pool relaxation time, however only native T1 relaxation time values have been used and the resulting formulae had been both in reciprocal and linear proportion. The aim of the study was to generate a synthetic haematocrit formula from only native relaxation time values first, calculate whether linear or reciprocal model is more precise in haematocrit estimation and then determine whether adding post-contrast values further improve its precision. Methods One hundred thirty-nine subjects underwent CMR examination. Haematocrit was measured using standard laboratory methods. Afterwards T1 relaxation times before and after the application of a contrast agent were measured and a statistical relationship between these values was calculated. Results Different linear and reciprocal models were created to estimate the value of synthetic haematocrit and ECV. The highest coefficient of determination was observed in the combined reciprocal model “− 0.047 + (779/ blood native) − (11.36/ blood post-contrast)”. Conclusions This study provides more evidence that assessing synthetic haematocrit and synthetic ECV is feasible and statistically most accurate model to use is reciprocal. Adding post-contrast values to the calculation was proved to improve the precision of the formula statistically significantly.

Myocardial extracellular volume fraction quantification based on T1 mapping at 3 T: quality optimization by contour-based registration and segmental analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110671
Author(s):  
Ling Lin ◽  
Xu-Hui Zhou ◽  
Mei Zheng ◽  
Qiu-Xia Xie ◽  
Qian Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
T1 Mapping ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Post Contrast

Background Myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) assessment can be affected by various technical and subject-related factors. Purpose To evaluate the role of contour-based registration in quantification of ECV and investigate normal segment-based myocardial ECV values at 3T. Material and Methods Pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping images of the left ventricular basal, mid-cavity, and apical slices were obtained in 26 healthy volunteers. ECV maps were generated using motion correction with and without contour-based registration. The image quality of all ECV maps was evaluated by a 4-point scale. Slices were dichotomized according to the occurrence of misregistration in the source data. Contour-registered ECVs and standard ECVs were compared within each subgroup using analysis of variance for repeated measurements and generalized linear mixed models. Results In all three slices, higher quality of ECV maps were found using contour-registered method than using standard method. Standard ECVs were statistically different from contour-registered ECVs in global (26.8% ± 2.8% vs. 25.8% ± 2.4%; P = 0.001), mid-cavity (25.4% ± 3.1% vs. 24.3% ± 2.5%; P = 0.016), and apical slices (28.7% ± 4.1% vs. 27.2% ± 3.4%; P = 0.010). In the misregistration subgroups, contour-registered ECVs were lower with smaller SDs (basal: 25.2% ± 1.8% vs. 26.7% ± 2.6%; P = 0.038; mid-cavity: 24.4% ± 2.3% vs. 26.8% ± 3.1%; P = 0.012; apical: 27.5% ± 3.6% vs. 29.7% ± 4.5%; P = 0.016). Apical (27.2% ± 3.4%) and basal-septal ECVs (25.6% ± 2.6%) were statistically higher than mid-cavity ECV (24.3% ± 2.5%; both P < 0.001). Conclusion Contour-based registration can optimize image quality and improve the precision of ECV quantification in cases demonstrating ventricular misregistration among source images.

scholarly journals Extracellular Volume Quantification using Synthetic Haematocrit Assessed from Native and Post-contrast Longitudinal Relaxation T1 Times of a Blood Pool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Opatril ◽  
Roman Panovsky ◽  
Jan Machal ◽  
Tomas Holecek ◽  
Lucia Masarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
T1 Relaxation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: In terms of cardiovascular magnetic resonance are haematocrit values required for calculation of extracellular volume fraction (ECV). Previously published studies have hypothesized that haematocrit could be calculated from T1 blood pool relaxation time, however only native T1 relaxation time values have been used and the resulting formulae had been both in reciprocal and linear proportion. The aim of the study was to generate a synthetic haematocrit formula from only native relaxation time values first, calculate whether linear or reciprocal model is more precise in haematocrit estimation and then determine whether adding post-contrast values further improve its precision.Methods: One hundred thirty-nine subjects underwent CMR examination. Haematocrit was measured using standard laboratory methods. Afterwards T1 relaxation times before and after the application of a contrast agent were measured and a statistical relationship between these values was calculated.Results: Different linear and reciprocal models were created to estimate the value of synthetic haematocrit and ECV. The highest coefficient of determination was observed in the combined reciprocal model “-0.047 + (779/ blood native) – (11.36/ blood post-contrast)”.Conclusions: This study provides more evidence that assessing synthetic haematocrit and synthetic ECV is feasible and statistically most accurate model to use is reciprocal. Adding post-contrast values to the calculation was proved to improve the precision of the formula statistically significantly.

scholarly journals Real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance T1 and extracellular volume fraction mapping for tissue characterisation in aortic stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören J. Backhaus ◽  
Torben Lange ◽  
Bo Eric Beuthner ◽  
Rodi Topci ◽  
Xiaoqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Native T1 ◽  
Matrix Volume

Abstract Background Myocardial fibrosis is a major determinant of outcome in aortic stenosis (AS). Novel fast real-time (RT) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) mapping techniques allow comprehensive quantification of fibrosis but have not yet been compared against standard techniques and histology. Methods Patients with severe AS underwent CMR before (n = 110) and left ventricular (LV) endomyocardial biopsy (n = 46) at transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Midventricular short axis (SAX) native, post-contrast T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) maps were generated using commercially available modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery (MOLLI) (native: 5(3)3, post-contrast: 4(1)3(1)2) and RT single-shot inversion recovery Fast Low-Angle Shot (FLASH) with radial undersampling. Focal late gadolinium enhancement was excluded from T1 and ECV regions of interest. ECV and LV mass were used to calculate LV matrix volumes. Variability and agreements were assessed between RT, MOLLI and histology using intraclass correlation coefficients, coefficients of variation and Bland Altman analyses. Results RT and MOLLI derived ECV were similar for midventricular SAX slice coverage (26.2 vs. 26.5, p = 0.073) and septal region of interest (26.2 vs. 26.5, p = 0.216). MOLLI native T1 time was in median 20 ms longer compared to RT (p < 0.001). Agreement between RT and MOLLI was best for ECV (ICC > 0.91), excellent for post-contrast T1 times (ICC > 0.81) and good for native T1 times (ICC > 0.62). Diffuse collagen volume fraction by biopsies was in median 7.8%. ECV (RT r = 0.345, p = 0.039; MOLLI r = 0.40, p = 0.010) and LV matrix volumes (RT r = 0.45, p = 0.005; MOLLI r = 0.43, p = 0.007) were the only parameters associated with histology. Conclusions RT mapping offers fast and sufficient ECV and LV matrix volume calculation in AS patients. ECV and LV matrix volume represent robust and universally comparable parameters with associations to histologically assessed fibrosis and may emerge as potential targets for clinical decision making.

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