scholarly journals Changes in the timing, length and heating degree days of the heating season in central heating zone of China

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjin Shen ◽  
Binhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heating Zone ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Heating Degree Days

scholarly journals The Influence of Heating Degree Days on Fuelwood Consumption in Households in Selected Countries of Central and Southeastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
Slavica Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Models ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Wood Fuels ◽  
Heating Degree Days ◽  
Fuelwood Consumption ◽  
Central And Southeastern Europe

Serbia is one of the few European countries that does not keep official statistics and does not have data on heating degree days. A heating degree day (HDD) represents a measure to quantify the energy needs for heating a building. In order to create a database, six meteorological stations in Serbia had been selected, for which the heating degree days were calculated for every year in the period 2010-2018. The months with the highest values of heating degree days were also determined for each year of the analyzed period. In addition to the annual level, heating degree days in the heating seasons over the analyzed period were calculated for the six selected stations, as well as the length and the average air temperature of each heating season. In Serbia, heating season officially lasts from October 15 to April 15. To determine the influence of the calculated annual heating degree days on fuelwood consumption in households in Serbia, over the period 2010-2018, multiple econometric models were formulated. The influence of the annual values of heating degree days on fuelwood consumption for household space heating in Slovenia and Croatia was analyzed, as well. The analysis of energy consumption in the households of the selected countries showed that wood fuels are mostly used for heating, primarily fuelwood. This is the reason why this type of fuel was selected for the research.

Heating degree–days for arid regions

Energy ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai Şen ◽  
Mikdat Kadiogl̂u
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Heating Degree Days

scholarly journals Interactions Between Chill-Hours and Degree-Days Affect Carpogenic Germination in Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Scherm ◽  
A. T. Savelle ◽  
P. L. Pusey
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Carpogenic Germination ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Heating Degree Days ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of cumulative chill-hours (hours with a mean temperature <7.2°C) and heating degree-days (base 7.2°C) to carpogenic germination of pseudosclerotia of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi, which causes mummy berry disease of blueberry, was investigated. In two laboratory experiments, pseudosclerotia collected from rabbiteye blueberry in Georgia were conditioned at 5 to 6°C for 26 to 1,378 h prior to placement in conditions favorable for germination and apothecium development. The number of chill-hours accumulated during the conditioning period affected the subsequent proportion of pseudosclerotia that germinated and produced apothecia, with the greatest incidence of carpogenic germination occurring after intermediate levels of chilling (≈700 chill-hours). The minimum chilling requirement for germination and apothecium production was considerably lower than that reported previously for pseudo-sclerotia from highbush blueberry in northern production regions. The rate of carpogenic germination was strongly affected by interactions between the accumulation of chill-hours and degree-days during the conditioning and germination periods; pseudosclerotia exposed to prolonged chilling periods, once transferred to suitable conditions, germinated and produced apothecia more rapidly (after fewer degree-days had accumulated) than those exposed to shorter chilling periods. Thus, pseudosclerotia of M. vaccinii-corymbosi are adapted to germinate carpogenically following cold winters (high chill-hours, low degree-days) as well as warm winters (low chill-hours, high degree-days). Results were validated in a combined field-laboratory experiment in which pseudosclerotia that had received various levels of natural chilling were allowed to germinate in controlled conditions in the laboratory, and in two field experiments in which pseudosclerotia were exposed to natural chilling and germination conditions. A simple model describing the timing of apothecium emergence in relation to cumulative chill-hours and degree-days was developed based on the experiments. The model should be useful for better timing of field scouting programs for apothecia to aid in management of primary infection by M. vaccinii-corymbosi.

Climate Change as a Driving Force on Urban Energy Consumption Patterns

2018 ◽  
pp. 7815-7830
Author(s):  
Mostafa Jafari ◽  
Pete Smith
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Time Slice ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Heating Degree Days

Heating Degree Days (HDD), in cases where temperatures are below 18°C, and Cooling Degree Days (CDD), in cases where temperatures are above 21°C, were used as energy consumption indices. During the last half century, mean annual temperatures have increased and as a consequence, CDD in the warm season have increased sharply. In the same time slice, HDD, even in the cool and cold season have declined steadily. The number of monthly and annual total HDD (mean= 1556) are much higher than CDD (mean=400) in the case study area and annual total HDD and CDD have a negative correlation (Pearson correlation = - 0.493; p = 0.001). The deceasing rate of HDD is limited and steady (R2= 0.062, p=0.099), but the increasing rate of CDD in the same time slice is sharp (R2=0.427, p=0.813). This shows that energy consumption patterns have increased sharply, and with available projection scenarios, is projected to increase more rapidly, leading to higher energy costs.

Building energy demand assessment through heating degree days: The importance of a climatic dataset

2019 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 1285-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D'Amico ◽  
G. Ciulla ◽  
D. Panno ◽  
S. Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Demand Assessment ◽  
Heating Degree Days

scholarly journals Influence of Climate Conditions on Deficiencies of Building Roofs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Carretero-Ayuso ◽  
Alberto Moreno-Cansado ◽  
Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Heating Degree Days

Climate conditions affect buildings’ performance and durability. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of climate conditions on roof deficiencies. 763 cases of such deficiencies were analyzed in this regard. Once the construction deficiencies were quantified, they were characterized from a climatological point of view and their ‘climate location segments’ were studied to obtain ‘ranges of concentration of anomalies’ according to the obtained percentage. A direct relation is shown to exist between the location of the building (latitude, situation, type of climate, precipitation, thermal demands, and average wind speed) and a greater or smaller concentration of deficiencies found in both flat and pitched buildings. It was also found that an annual average wind speed greater than 3 m/s increases the appearance of deficiencies in roofs. A higher prevalence of deficiencies was also found in those geographical zones with a thermal demand of 1800–2800 heating degree days or 450–700 cooling degree days. It was found that a higher percentage of construction deficiencies are concentrated in buildings located in the northern coastal climate segments of Spain. With these results, technicians will be able to take more appropriate precautions during both the building process and the use and maintenance phase.

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