Reverse hydrotropy by complex formation

Alkylated azacrown ethers lower significantly interfacial tension and are capable of solubilising water-soluble dyes, despite not being able to aggregate in non-polar solvents.

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pH-Dependent Interfacial Tension and Dilatational Modulus Synergism of Oil-Soluble Fatty Acid and Water-Soluble Cationic Surfactants at the Oil/Water Interface

Langmuir ◽

10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01889 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tsung-Lin Hsieh ◽

Stephen Law ◽

Stephen Garoff ◽

Robert D. Tilton

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Interfacial Tension ◽

Cationic Surfactants ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Water Interface ◽

Oil Water ◽

Ph Dependent

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Formation of Molecular Complexes by Some Water‐Soluble Amides II. Effect of Decreasing Water Solubility on Degree of Complex Formation**School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed ) ◽

10.1002/jps.3030451213 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 810-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.B. Kostenbauder ◽

T. Higuchi

Keyword(s):

Complex Formation ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Molecular Complexes ◽

Water Soluble ◽

University Of Wisconsin

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Influence of polar solvents upon the complex formation of 18-crown-6 with cations in chloroform

Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s10847-010-9800-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 68 (3-4) ◽

pp. 411-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Radu-Cristian Mutihac ◽

Hans-Jürgen Buschmann ◽

Eckhard Schollmeyer

Keyword(s):

Complex Formation ◽

Polar Solvents

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Spectrophotometric studies of molecular complex formation between water-soluble cobalt(II) Schiff base complex and nucleotides in mixed solvent systems

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/j.saa.2004.11.027 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 61 (13-14) ◽

pp. 3061-3065 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Davar M. Boghaei ◽

Mehrnaz Gharagozlou

Keyword(s):

Schiff Base ◽

Complex Formation ◽

Molecular Complex ◽

Mixed Solvent ◽

Schiff Base Complex ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Base Complex ◽

Molecular Complex Formation ◽

Solvent Systems

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Alkalinizing Water-Soluble Local Anesthetic Solutions by Addition of Cyclodextrin

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine ◽

10.1136/rapm-00115550-199823020-00011 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 176-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michio Miyoshi ◽

Toshiaki Imoto ◽

Yasutake Hiji

Keyword(s):

Complex Formation ◽

Inclusion Complex ◽

Local Anesthetic ◽

Local Anesthetics ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Spectral Change ◽

Practical Application ◽

Inclusion Complex Formation ◽

Physiologic Saline ◽

Form Inclusion Complex

Background and objectivesThe use of sodium bicarbonate for alkalinization of local anesthetics to improve their efficacy has some disadvantages including decreased stability of the solutions. The present study was performed to evaluate usefulness of cyclodextrins (CDs) in improving the solubility and stability of local anesthetic solutions at near physiologic pH without precipitation.MethodsSolubility of local anesthetics with or without CDs in physiologic saline was investigated by monitoring cloudiness or precipitate formation visually and by recording absorbance at 620 nm. Interaction of anesthetic and CD was also studied spectrophotometrically using spectral change of the drugs associated with the inclusion complex formation.ResultsCyclodextrins improved the solubility and stability of the four local anesthetics studied (dibucaine, tetracaine, bupivacaine, and lidocaine). In the neutral pH region, the effects of the CDs were more significant with dibucaine and tetracaine, which are more hydrophobic than the other two. A type of effective CD was different for each anesthetic depending partly on the tendency to form inclusion complex with local anesthetic. The local anesthetic solutions solubilized by CDs were found to remain clear for more than 72 hours without any visible precipitation or turbidity at neutral pHs.ConclusionsThe improved solubility of local anesthetics by adding CD may be caused by inclusion complex formation of CD with local anesthetics. This new preparation for the alkalinized water-soluble anesthetic solutions may be useful for practical application in the clinical setting, although this awaits further study.

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